内置函数
# 绝对值
i = abs(-123)
print(i) # 123
# =============================================
# all,循环参数,如果每个元素都为真,那么all的返回值为真
# 为假:0,None,"",[],{},()
r = all(["123", " ", [11,], ""])
print(r) # False
# =============================================
# any 只要有一个为真,则为真
i = any([None, "", [], {}, (), 1)
print(i) # True
# =============================================
# ascii, 对象的类中找__repr__,获取返回值
class Foo:
def __repr__(self):
return "hello"
obj = Foo()
r = ascii(obj)
print(r) # hello
# =============================================
# bin() 十进制转二进制
# oct() 十进制转八进制
# int() 十进制转十进制
# hex() 十进制转十六进制
# 其他进制转换成十进制
int('0xef', base=16)
int('0b11', base=2)
int('0o11', base=8)
# =============================================
# bool,判断真假,把一个对象转换成布尔值,None、"",[],{}为False
# =============================================
# chr() 把数字转换成ASCII码对应的字符串
# 一个字节,8位,2**8 = 256
# ord() 把字符串转换成ASCII码对应的数字(0-256)
# 生成随机验证码
import random
temp = ""
for i in range(6):
num = random.randrange(0, 4)
if num = 1 or num = 3:
rad1 = random.randrange(0, 10)
rad1 = str(rad1)
temp += rad1
else:
rad2 = random.randrange(65, 91) # ASCII码大写A-Z(65-90)
c = chr(rad1)
temp += c
print(temp)
# ============================================
# divmod 整除求商和余数
r = divmod(10, 3)
print(r) # (3, 1)
# ============================================
# eval 可以执行一个字符串形式的表达式
a = (" 1 + 3")
ret = eval(" 1 + 3 ")
print(ret) # 4
print(a) # 1 + 3
res = eval(" a + 60 ", {"a": 99})
print(res) # 159
# ============================================
# exec 执行python代码
exec("for i in range(10): print(i)")
# comple 编译python代码
# ============================================
# filter(函数, 可迭代的对象) 循环可迭代的对象,获取每一个参数,执行函数(参数)
def f1(x):
if x > 22:
return True
else:
return False
ret = filter(f1, [11, 22, 33, 44])
for i in ret:
print(i) # [33, 44]
# lambda表达式的写法
ret2 = filter(lambda x: x>22, [11, 22, 33, 44])
for i in ret2:
print(i)
# =============================================
# map(函数, 可迭代的对象)
def f1(x):
if x % 2 == 1:
return x + 100
else:
return x
# ret = map(f1, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
ret = map(lambda x: x + 100 if x % 2 == 1 else x, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print(ret)
for i in ret:
print(i)
# =============================================
# 排序 sorted
li = [1, 211, 33, 23]
li.sort()
print(li)
new_list = sorted(li)
print(new_li)
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