1、环境
服务器A mysql master:192.168.1.46
服务器B mysql slave 192.168.1.49
VIP 192.168.1.199
2、mysql主从备份
2.1 安装
mysql安装查看http://www.jianshu.com/p/1f77b90e718c
2.2 编辑服务器A 配置文件 /etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
log-bin=/data/mysql/data/binlog/mysql-bin #开启二进制日志功能,binlog数据位置
server-id=1 #服务端ID,用来高可用时做区分
binlog_cache_size=1M #二进制日志缓冲大小
binlog-do-db=mycat_test #需要备份数据库
expire_logs_days=7 #二进制文件超时天数
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema #忽略备份库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
创建二进制文件目录并授权
cd /data/mysql/data/
mkdir binlog
cd binlog
mkdir mysql-bin
cd ../
chown -R mysql:mysql ./binlog
2.3服务器A上建立 账户并授权
# mysql -uroot -pwbool
mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'slave'@'192.168.1.49' identified by '123456';
mysql>flush privileges;
2.4 服务器B 配置文件/etc/my.cnf
server-id=2 #比master server-id 小
binlog_cache_size=1M
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-do-db=mycat_test
expire_logs_days=7
slave-skip-errors=1062
slave-net-time=60
replicate-do-db=mycat_test
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
relay_log=/data/mysql/data/relaylog/mysql-relay-bin
创建二进制文件目录并授权
cd /data/mysql/data/
mkdir relaylog
cd relaylog
mkdir mysql-relay-bin
cd ../
chown -R mysql:mysql ./relaylog
2.5 配置服务器B(slave)
mysql>stop slave;
mysql>change master to master_host='192.168.1.46',master_user='slave',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=409;
mysql>start slave;
mysql>show slave status \G;
图如下所示
同时出现两个Yes则配置成功
image.png
其中:
master_user :master授权用户
master_password : 授权用户密码
master_log_file : 二进制文件名
master_log_pos: 二进制文件当前节点
查询服务器A master状态
show master status; QQ截图20171030165452.png
2.6 测试
往master库新增一条数据
image.png查看slave
image.png这里id由于前面测试 mycat分库分表(全局全局序列号)所致
3、keepalived 高可用配置
3.1 、下载安装
#这里用的是yum安装
yum install keepalived
配置keepalived.conf配置文件
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL #主备须一致
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
vrrp_strict
vrrp_garp_interval 0
vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #本实例启动状态:MASTER/BACKUP
interface ens33 #监控的网络接口
virtual_router_id 51 #vrrp实例(同一个组主备服务器设置一样)
priority 100 #优先级高的为master,不能超过255。(BACKUP可设置为50)
advert_int 1 #均衡器检测间隔1秒(服务器设置都一样)
authentication { #验证类型及密码(服务器设置都一样)
auth_type PASS #认证方式,PASS或AH
auth_pass 1111 #认证密码
}
virtual_ipaddress { #虚拟ip地址virtual_ipaddress,可以定义多个
192.168.1.199
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.199 3306 {
delay_loop 3 #健康检查时间间隔,3秒
lb_algo rr #负载均衡调度算法:rr|wrr|lc|wlc|sh|dh|lblc
lb_kind NAT #负载均衡转发规则:NAT|DR|TUN
persistence_timeout 50 #回话保持时间50秒,动态服务建议开启
protocol TCP #转发协议protocol,一般有tcp和udp两种
real_server 192.168.1.46 3306 { # 指定real server1的IP地址
weight 3 # 配置节点权值,数字越大权重越高
notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh #检测3306端口为down状态就执行此脚本(只有keepalived关闭,VIP才漂移 )
TCP_CHECK { #健康检查方式:HTTP_GET|SSL_GET|TCP_CHECK|SMTP_CHECK|MISC_CHECK
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
编写LVS启动脚本/etc/init.d/realserver
#!/bin/sh
VIP=192.168.1.199
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
# 禁用本地的ARP请求、绑定本地回环地址
start)
/sbin/ifconfig lo down
/sbin/ifconfig lo up
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
/sbin/sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $VIP up #在回环地址上绑定VIP,设定掩码,与Direct Server(自身)上的IP保持通信
/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
echo "LVS-DR real server starts successfully.\n"
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
/sbin/route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo "LVS-DR real server stopped.\n"
;;
status)
isLoOn=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 | grep "$VIP"`
isRoOn=`/bin/netstat -rn | grep "$VIP"`
if [ "$isLoON" == "" -a "$isRoOn" == "" ]; then
echo "LVS-DR real server has run yet."
else
echo "LVS-DR real server is running."
fi
exit 3
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
编写关闭keepalived脚本
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
pkill keepalived
赋于mysql.sh可执行权限
chmod 755 mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh
为realserver授权
chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
查看lvs状态
yum install -y ipvsadm
ipvsadm -ln
image.png
启动LVS keepalived
service realserver start
service keepalived start
服务器A 、B都执行以上步骤
不同点 服务器B keepalived.conf中 state 设置为BACKUP priority 设置为 50(比master小就可以)
4、测试故障转移
用windows SQLyog连接VIP 192.168.1.199
此时连接的是服务器A 主服务器
image.png
当手动将服务器A 192.168.1.46 mysql 停掉
image.png
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