基础_多线程
Q1 gdb调试多线程 如何解死锁问题?
A1
gdb基本用法
- info threads(show all thread)
- thread thread number (switch )
- thread apply all break demo.cpp:42(all)
eg:
同一个功能A,创建N个线程
同一个功能B,创建M个线程
来抢夺和释放资源C,D
不清楚那个线程 有限占用或者释放资源
- [ ] 产生问题1 跟踪那个线程ID
代码实现顺序实际执行顺序是不一致的,
一般无法通过查看代码快速定位
thread ID id用那个呀?
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i1837968/3f6d86b1ba54bb10.png)
thread apply all break demo.cpp:19
thread apply all break demo.cpp:42
pthread_mutex_t mymutex
公共资源:两个线程同时抢占
p mymutex
显示了当前占用的线程(上图)
当前目前线程位于5882 但是被
__owner = 5883锁住
* 1 Thread 0x7ffff7fe1780 (LWP 5882。 2 Thread 0x7ffff6d6d700 (LWP 5883)
thread ID找到啦 5882
总结:
pthread_mutex_t.__data.__owner is a TID. pthread_t (frompthread_self()).
pthread_mutex_t 结构体
typedef union { struct __pthread_mutex_s { int __lock; unsigned int __count; int __owner; #if __WORDSIZE == 64 unsigned int __nusers; #endif /* KIND must stay at this position in the structure to maintain binary compatibility. */ int __kind; #if __WORDSIZE == 64 int __spins; __pthread_list_t __list; # define __PTHREAD_MUTEX_HAVE_PREV 1 #else unsigned int __nusers; __extension__ union { int __spins; __pthread_slist_t __list; }; #endif } __data; char __size[__SIZEOF_PTHREAD_MUTEX_T]; long int __align; } pthread_mutex_t;
- [ ] 产生问题2
gdb默认调试当前主线程
thread apply all command 表示
all 所有线程中相应的行上设置断点
你发现一个问题
调试期间(next)不断的不同线程来回切换,
(如果谁发现不是麻烦告知)
线程是cpu调度的最小单位 因为分片原因
cpu不断在不同线程之间切换
注意不是进程进程可以理解为一个主线程
set scheduler-locking on 只调试当前线程
- [ ] 产生问题3
如果进程有fork 如何办?
If you need to debug the child process, after the start gdb:
(Gdb) set follow-fork-mode child off
查询正在调试的进程:info inferiors
切换调试的进程:inferior id
如何分析思路
- 不用gdb:
假如100个线程 此时10个线程因为资源问题产生了死锁
gdb调试会影响业务
可通过日志或者其他方式打印超时锁
然后pstack +进程ID 查看堆栈信息
-
用gdb
1 通过gcore或者gdb -p方式 进入
2 设置断点 thread apply all commd
等待一段时间产生死锁
3 p pthread_mutex_t
确定目前那个线程占用
至少2个 一个不会产生死锁 加锁顺序 -
其他工具
Valgrind 的 helgrind
工具也可以检测死锁。
用法:
valgrind --tool=helgrind ./deadlock
http://valgrind.org/docs/manual/hg-manual.html
给出了详细的例子和说明
#include <pthread.h>
int var = 0;
void* child_fn ( void* arg ) {
var++; /* Unprotected relative to parent */ /* this is line 6 */
return NULL;
}
int main ( void ) {
pthread_t child;
pthread_create(&child, NULL, child_fn, NULL);
var++; /* Unprotected relative to child */ /* this is line 13 */
pthread_join(child, NULL);
return 0;
}
变量var没有加锁
==7066== Possible data race during read of size 4 at 0x601040 by thread #1
==7066== Locks held: none
==7066== at 0x4006C1: main (lock.cpp:13)
==7066==
==7066== This conflicts with a previous write of size 4 by thread #2
==7066== Locks held: none
==7066== at 0x400691: child_fn(void*) (lock.cpp:6)
==7066== by 0x4C3094E: mythread_wrapper (hg_intercepts.c:389)
==7066== by 0x50B2DF4: start_thread (in /usr/lib64/libpthread-2.17.so)
==7066== by 0x5BDD1AC: clone (in /usr/lib64/libc-2.17.so)
==7066== Address 0x601040 is 0 bytes inside data symbol "var"
参考
http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuyp1015/p/3618863.html kill -11不可取 用gcore
http://blog.csdn.net/pbymw8iwm/article/details/7876797
pthread_mutex_t struct: What does lock stand for
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/23449508/pthread-mutex-t-struct-what-does-lock-stand-for
Understanding deadlock behavior with gdb
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21017794/understanding-deadlock-behavior-with-gdb
Helgrind: a thread error detector
http://valgrind.org/docs/manual/hg-manual.html
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