介绍

经过1天的研究，对比了StarCom的证书以及LetEncrypt免费证书的比较，最终决定采用LetEncrypt证书作为公司网站的https实现方式。

LetEncrypt证书优缺点

优点

1、开源免费，有众多的公司支持，如google等

缺点

1、每个证书只有90天的期限，需要手动的进行证书的更新。

准备的资料

1、服务器必须开放 443端口，阿里云服务器可以直接到安全组中添加一条规则来开放443端口

2、需要生成LetEncrypt证书

安装步骤

以下以给cptest.xxx.com上添加https为例子

第一步、下载证书执行脚本

//创建证书目录

# mkdir /data/wwwroot/ssl_file/letencrypt/cptest.xxx.com  

//进入certs目录

# cd /data/wwwroot/ssl_file/letencrypt/cptest.xxx.com  

 //下载脚本配置文件# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/xdtianyu/scripts/master/lets-encrypt/letsencrypt.conf

//下载脚本配置文件

# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/xdtianyu/scripts/master/lets-encrypt/letsencrypt.sh//给予脚本755权限chmod +x letsencrypt.sh

第二步、配置域名配置文件

为了正确的使用https，在letencrypt.conf文件中需要正确的配置域名对应的文件目录路径，详细的配置letencrypt.conf文件配置如下。

# only modify the values, key files will be generated automaticly.ACCOUNT_KEY="letsencryptaccount.key"

DOMAIN_KEY="cptest.xxx.com.key"

// 注意这个地方一定要和域名的配置目录保持一致，否则生成证书会出错。DOMAIN_DIR="/data/wwwroot/testing/testing_server_test/public"

// DNS的配置

DOMAINS="DNS:cptest.xxx.com"

#ECC=TRUE#LIGHTTPD=TRUE

第三步、生成证书文件

通过第一步和第二步，我们的基础配置文件都已经配置完成，接下需要生成证书。执行命令

./letsencrypt.sh letsencrypt.conf

在执行的过程，脚本会自动的检验域名是否能够访问成功，若letsencrypt.conf文件中配置的域名与对应的访问路径不正确，则会报如下错误。

Generate account key...Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus.....................................................................++...........++e is 65537 (0x10001)Generate domain key...Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus.........+++.........................+++e is 65537 (0x10001)Generate CSR...cptest.csrParsing account key...Parsing CSR...Registering account...Registered!Verifying cptest.xxx.com...Traceback (most recent call last):  File "/tmp/acme_tiny.py", line 198, inmain(sys.argv[1:])

File "/tmp/acme_tiny.py", line 194, in main

signed_crt = get_crt(args.account_key, args.csr, args.acme_dir, log=LOGGER, CA=args.ca)

File "/tmp/acme_tiny.py", line 123, in get_crt

wellknown_path, wellknown_url))

ValueError: Wrote file to /data/wwwroot/testing/testing_server_test/.well-known/acme-challenge/wRf1bolKp92cX4YdHKIEMf9DxGhtnP6GvvOvB6rY2F0, but couldn't download http://cptest.xxx.com/.well-known/acme-challenge/wRf1bolKp92cX4YdHKIEMf9DxGhtnP6GvvOvB6rY2F0

如果正确的配置，则提示如下

Generate account key...

Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus

..................................................................................................................................................................................++

........................................................................................................................................++

e is 65537 (0x10001)

Generate domain key...

Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus

......+++

...............................+++

e is 65537 (0x10001)

Generate CSR...cptest.csr

Parsing account key...

Parsing CSR...

Registering account...

Registered!

Verifying cptest.xxx.com...

cptest.xxx.com verified!

Signing certificate...

Certificate signed!

New cert: cptest.chained.crt has been generated

完成后会在当前目录下生成，如下文件

cptest.chained.crt

cptest.crt

cptest.csr

cptest.xxx.com.key

letsencrypt-account.key

letsencrypt.conf

letsencrypt.sh

lets-encrypt-x3-cross-signed.pem

第四步、在Nginx上配置SSL

完成上述步骤后，基本上生成证书的步骤已经完成，接下来就是要把https应用到对应的域名上，在nginx中配置如下

server {

#listen 80;

listen 443;

ssl on;

ssl_certificate /data/wwwroot/ssl_file/letencrypt/cptest.xxx.com/cptest.chained.crt;

ssl_certificate_key /data/wwwroot/ssl_file/letencrypt/cptest.xxx.com/cptest.xxx.com.key;

server_name cptest.xxx.com;

access_log /data/wwwlogs/nginx/cptest.xxx.com_nginx.log combined;

error_log /data/wwwlogs/nginx/cptest.xxx.com_errr_log;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

include /usr/local/tengine/conf/rewrite/other.conf;

root /data/wwwroot/testing/testing_server_test/public;

}

第五步、定时更新证书

至此，前面我们已经可以给域名配置好了https服务，但是由于LetEncrypt证书有效期只有90天，因此还需要使用定时任务来更新证书，在crontab中增加一条定时命令，让https证书在每月的1号自动进行更新，命令如下

0 0 1 * * /data/wwwroot/ssl_file/letencrypt/cptest.xxx.com/letsencrypt.sh /data/wwwroot/ssl_file/letencrypt/cptest.xxx.com/letsencrypt.conf >> /data/wwwlogs/letencrypt/cptest.xxx.com-lets-encrypt.log 2>&1

参考资料

https://lirongyao.com/lets-encrypt.html

http://blog.csdn.net/dingxl555/article/details/51749956