一：导图
二：单词、句型笔记
Words
1
pamphlet
an unbound printedwork, usually with a paper cover.
小册子：不装订的出版物，常带有纸封皮
The pamphlet hasbeen given to his pen.
2
immobilize
v.tr.（及物动词）
to render immobile.
使固定
Thus there is agreater calcium need to immobilize the oxalate.
3
pitcher
n.（名词）
one that pitches.
投掷者
In baseball, thepitcher is the person who throws the ball to the batter, who tries to hit it.
4
batter
n.Sports（名词）【体育运动】
The player at batin baseball and cricket.
打击手：棒球、板球中的击球员,打击手
In sports such asbaseball and softball, a batter is a person who hits the ball with a woodenbat.
5
terminate
v.（动词）
v.tr.（及物动词）
to bring to an endor a halt:
使终止：使其停止或停顿：
She is anxious toterminate the interview.
6
inert
sluggish in actionor motion; lethargic
迟缓的：行动或运动时呆滞的；无生气的
An inert gas is onethat exhibits great stability and extremely low reaction rates under normaltemperature and pressure conditions.
7
callattention to
集中精力在某事情上
You should call attention to the conferences.
8
changeup
n.Baseball（名词）【棒球】
a pitch intended tolook like a fastball, which actually approaches the plate at a slow speed,thereby causing the batter to swing prematurely.
变化球：看似快速的一种投球，但接近到达本垒时却成了慢速球，这样就使击球者过早地移动
Losing confidence inhis changeup and sinker, Pettitte said he trudged on trying to rely on just hisfastball and cutter.
9
tract
n名词，册子，卡片
He wrote all thecampaign tracts.
10
entail
v.tr.（及物动词）
to have, impose, orrequire as a necessary accompaniment or consequence:
承担，伴随，需要：施加或要求使成为必要的附属物或结果：
Bothprocesses entail tremendous difficulties of an experimental nature.
11
returnto something
We will return tothis question many times in this book.
在本书中我们会反复讨论这个问题。
12
suffice
v.（动词）
v.intr.（不及物动词）
to meet present needsor requirements; be sufficient:
满足：满足目前的需要或需求；充足：
A general statementwill suffice.
13
Thereis one respect in which the analogy breaks down.
表示这个类比中出现的一个不相符合的地方。
14
Theamount the reader “catches” will usually depend on the amount of activity heputs into the process.
devote
somebody to do something,在这里与put
into为同义词。
15
Admittedly,writers vary, just as pitchers do.
副词前置，丰富句型结构。需要背诵。
16
It
is noteworthy that+从句
noteworthy
adj.（形容词）
Deserving notice orattention; notable:
值得注意的；引人注意的：
It is noteworthy that book-lovers have
some advantages over other people.
17
Successfulcommunication occurs in any case where what the writer wanted to have receivedfinds its way into the reader’s possession.
occursin any case where
此句意为作者要传达的思想以及观点只有在读者非常感兴趣的情况下才可以完全被读者所接受。
18
takethis analogy a step further
takesomething a step further
更进一步的研究某事物
Scientistswill take the research a step further.
19
Though,strictly speaking, there can be no absolutely passive reading, many peoplethink that, as compared with writing and speaking, which are obviously activeundertakings, reading and listening are entirely passive.
必背句型。
20
Onereader is better than another in proportion as he is capable of a greater rangeof activity in reading and exerts more effort.
Becapable of,在写作中可以代替be able to,丰富表达。Exert写作中代替经常使用的make effort.
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