TensorBoard使用
为了更方便TensorFlow程序的理解、调试与优化,Google发布了一套叫做TensorBoard的可视化工具,可以用TensorBoard来展现TensorFlow的图像,绘制图像生成的定量指标图以及附加数据。
TensorBoard设置完成之后的样子应该如下图:
image
其基本原理见TensorBoard中文手册,内有详细的介绍。
本文参考了放羊的水瓶的博文。
下面通过三个例程,来讲解其使用:
例程1 矩阵相乘 tfboard1.py
import tensorflow as tf
with tf.name_scope('graph') as scope:
matrix1 = tf.constant([[3., 3.]], name = 'matrix') # 一行两列
matrix2 = tf.constant([[2.], [2.]], name = 'matrix2') # 两行一列
product = tf.matmul(matrix1, matrix2, name = 'product')
sess = tf.Session()
writer = tf.summary.FileWriter("logs1/", sess.graph)
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
sess.run(init)
tf.name_scope函数是作用域名,上述代码斯即在graph作用域op下,又有三个op(分别是matrix1,matrix2,product),用tf函数内部的name参数命名,这样会在tensorboard中显示。
运行上述代码后,在项目所在目录会生成"logs1"目录(可以自定义名字),然后在命令行运行:
tensorboard --logdir logs1
即可在本机6006端口调用TensorBoard。可以通过浏览器打开使用。
例程2 线性拟合(一) tfboard2.py
例程1中没有任何训练过程,比较简单,下面通过这个例子来画出它的张量流动图。
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
# 准备原始数据
with tf.name_scope('data'):
x_data = np.random.rand(100).astype(np.float32)
y_data = 0.3*x_data + 0.1
# 参数设置
with tf.name_scope('parameters'):
weight = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([1], -1.0, 1.0))
bias = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([1]))
# 得到 y_prediction
with tf.name_scope('y_prediction'):
y_prediction = weight*x_data + bias
# 计算损失率compute the loss
with tf.name_scope('loss'):
loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y_data - y_prediction))
#
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5)
with tf.name_scope('train'):
train = optimizer.minimize(loss)
with tf.name_scope('init'):
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
sess = tf.Session()
writer = tf.summary.FileWriter("logs2/",sess.graph)
sess.run(init)
for step in range(101):
sess.run(train)
if step%10 == 0:
print(step, 'weight', sess.run(weight), 'bias:', sess.run(bias))
例程3 线性拟合(二) tfboard3.py
对例程二代码进行修改,尝试tensorboard的其他功能,例如scalars,distributions,histograms,这些功能对于分析学习算法的性能有很大帮助。
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
with tf.name_scope('data'):
x_data = np.random.rand(100).astype(np.float32)
y_data = 0.3*x_data + 0.1
with tf.name_scope('paremeters'):
with tf.name_scope('weights'):
weight = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([1], -1.0, 1.0))
tf.summary.histogram('weight', weight)
with tf.name_scope('biases'):
bias = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([1]))
tf.summary.histogram('bias', bias)
with tf.name_scope('y_prediction'):
y_prediction = weight*x_data + bias
with tf.name_scope('loss'):
loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y_data - y_prediction))
tf.summary.scalar('loss', loss)
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5)
with tf.name_scope('train'):
train = optimizer.minimize(loss)
with tf.name_scope('init'):
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
sess = tf.Session()
merged = tf.summary.merge_all()
writer = tf.summary.FileWriter("logs3/", sess.graph)
sess.run(init)
for step in range(101):
sess.run(train)
rs = sess.run(merged)
writer.add_summary(rs, step)
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