目录
目录
前言
最近有一个需要用到定位的国外项目，所以总结了一下用Android原生的LocationManager来进行定位的方法，在此记录一下，方便以后使用。
关键代码
关键代码被我封装成了一个工具类如下：
public class LocationUtils {
private volatile static LocationUtils uniqueInstance;
private LocationManager locationManager;
private Context mContext;
private static ArrayList<AddressCallback> addressCallbacks;
private AddressCallback addressCallback;
public AddressCallback getAddressCallback() {
return addressCallback;
}
public void setAddressCallback(AddressCallback addressCallback) {
this.addressCallback = addressCallback;
if(isInit){
showLocation();
}else {
isInit = true;
}
}
private static Location location;
private boolean isInit = false;//是否加载过
private LocationUtils(Context context) {
mContext = context;
getLocation();
}
//采用Double CheckLock(DCL)实现单例
public static LocationUtils getInstance(Context context) {
if (uniqueInstance == null) {
synchronized (LocationUtils.class) {
if (uniqueInstance == null) {
addressCallbacks = new ArrayList<>();
uniqueInstance = new LocationUtils(context);
}
}
}
return uniqueInstance;
}
/**
* 添加回调事件
* @param addressCallback
*/
private void addAddressCallback(AddressCallback addressCallback){
addressCallbacks.add(addressCallback);
if(isInit){
showLocation();
}
}
/**
* 移除回调事件
* @param addressCallback
*/
public void removeAddressCallback(AddressCallback addressCallback){
if(addressCallbacks.contains(addressCallback)){
addressCallbacks.remove(addressCallback);
}
}
/**
* 清空回调事件
*/
public void cleareAddressCallback(){
removeLocationUpdatesListener();
addressCallbacks.clear();
}
private void getLocation() {
//1.获取位置管理器
locationManager = (LocationManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
//添加用户权限申请判断
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
&& ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return;
}
//2.获取位置提供器，GPS或是NetWork
// 获取所有可用的位置提供器
List<String> providerList = locationManager.getProviders(true);
String locationProvider;
if (providerList.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {
//GPS 定位的精准度比较高，但是非常耗电。
System.out.println("=====GPS_PROVIDER=====");
locationProvider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
} else if (providerList.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)) {//Google服务被墙不可用
//网络定位的精准度稍差，但耗电量比较少。
System.out.println("=====NETWORK_PROVIDER=====");
locationProvider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
} else {
System.out.println("=====NO_PROVIDER=====");
// 当没有可用的位置提供器时，弹出Toast提示用户
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
mContext.startActivity(intent);
return;
}
//3.获取上次的位置，一般第一次运行，此值为null
location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);
if (location != null) {
// 显示当前设备的位置信息
System.out.println("==显示当前设备的位置信息==");
showLocation();
} else {//当GPS信号弱没获取到位置的时候可从网络获取
System.out.println("==Google服务被墙的解决办法==");
getLngAndLatWithNetwork();//Google服务被墙的解决办法
}
// 监视地理位置变化，第二个和第三个参数分别为更新的最短时间minTime和最短距离minDistace
//LocationManager 每隔 5 秒钟会检测一下位置的变化情况，当移动距离超过 10 米的时候，
// 就会调用 LocationListener 的 onLocationChanged() 方法，并把新的位置信息作为参数传入。
locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 5000, 10, locationListener);
}
//获取经纬度
private void showLocation() {
if(location == null){
getLocation();
}else {
double latitude = location.getLatitude();//纬度
double longitude = location.getLongitude();//经度
// for(AddressCallback addressCallback:addressCallbacks){
// addressCallback.onGetLocation(latitude,longitude);
// }
if(addressCallback != null){
addressCallback.onGetLocation(latitude,longitude);
}
getAddress(latitude, longitude);
}
}
private void getAddress(double latitude, double longitude) {
//Geocoder通过经纬度获取具体信息
Geocoder gc = new Geocoder(mContext, Locale.getDefault());
try {
List<Address> locationList = gc.getFromLocation(latitude, longitude, 1);
if (locationList != null) {
Address address = locationList.get(0);
String countryName = address.getCountryName();//国家
String countryCode = address.getCountryCode();
String adminArea = address.getAdminArea();//省
String locality = address.getLocality();//市
String subLocality = address.getSubLocality();//区
String featureName = address.getFeatureName();//街道
for (int i = 0; address.getAddressLine(i) != null; i++) {
String addressLine = address.getAddressLine(i);
//街道名称:广东省深圳市罗湖区蔡屋围一街深圳瑞吉酒店
System.out.println("addressLine=====" + addressLine);
}
if(addressCallback != null){
addressCallback.onGetAddress(address);
}
// for(AddressCallback addressCallback:addressCallbacks){
// addressCallback.onGetAddress(address);
// }
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void removeLocationUpdatesListener() {
if (locationManager != null) {
uniqueInstance = null;
locationManager.removeUpdates(locationListener);
}
}
private LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener() {
// Provider的状态在可用、暂时不可用和无服务三个状态直接切换时触发此函数
@Override
public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle arg2) {
}
// Provider被enable时触发此函数，比如GPS被打开
@Override
public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
}
// Provider被disable时触发此函数，比如GPS被关闭
@Override
public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
}
//当坐标改变时触发此函数，如果Provider传进相同的坐标，它就不会被触发
@Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location loc) {
System.out.println("==onLocationChanged==");
// location = loc;
// showLocation();
}
};
//从网络获取经纬度
private void getLngAndLatWithNetwork() {
//添加用户权限申请判断
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
&& ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return;
}
LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 5000, 10, locationListener);
location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
showLocation();
}
public interface AddressCallback{
void onGetAddress(Address address);
void onGetLocation(double lat,double lng);
}
}
工具类的使用方法：
//注意6.0及以上版本需要在申请完权限后调用方法
LocationUtils.getInstance(this).setAddressCallback(new LocationUtils.AddressCallback() {
@Override
public void onGetAddress(Address address) {
String countryName = address.getCountryName();//国家
String adminArea = address.getAdminArea();//省
String locality = address.getLocality();//市
String subLocality = address.getSubLocality();//区
String featureName = address.getFeatureName();//街道
LogUtils.eTag("定位地址",countryName,adminArea,locality,subLocality,featureName);
}
@Override
public void onGetLocation(double lat, double lng) {
LogUtils.eTag("定位经纬度",lat,lng);
}
});
需要的权限（6.0以上别忘了动态申请权限）：
<!--允许程序打开网络套接字-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<!--允许程序设置内置sd卡的写权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<!--允许程序获取网络状态-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<!--允许程序访问WiFi网络信息-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<!--允许程序读写手机状态和身份-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<!--允许程序访问CellID或WiFi热点来获取粗略的位置-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
注意
某些版本的手机在使用Geocoder进行地址转换的时候会出现如下异常：
java.io.IOException: grpc failed
原因为：the service is not available 服务不可用 即设备不支持Geocoder
这时可以使用Google的API接口进行解析，API接口如下：
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng=37.422,-122.084&language=zh-CN&sensor=false&key=YOUR_API_KEY
这里的key需要去GoogleMap开发平台去申请
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