HashMap 哈希表
- HashMap
- 用Array+LinkedList实现的能在平均O(1)时间内快速增删查的数据结构
- 表内存储的数据需要实现equals()和hashCode()
- LinkedHashMap
- 有顺序的hashmap,遍历顺序是key插入的顺序
- 所以的key按顺序存成一个LinkedList
- TreeMap
- 有顺序的map,遍历顺序是key从小到大
- 所以的key存成一个红黑树
- 增删查O(logN)
- HashSet
- 没有value的HashMap
当需要快速查找数据时,可以利用HashMap加速查找(注意要查找的数据结构实现了equal()和hashCode())
实例
/*
给定一个整数数组 nums和一个目标值 target,请你在该数组中找出和为目标值的那两个整数,并返回他们的数组下标。
你可以假设每种输入只会对应一个答案。但是,数组中同一个元素不能使用两遍。
示例:
给定 nums = [2, 7, 11, 15], target = 9
因为 nums[0] + nums[1] = 2 + 7 = 9
所以返回 [0, 1]
*/
public class LeetCode01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Solution solution = new Solution();
int[] nums = {7, 2, 12, 8, 15};
int target = 14;
System.out.print(Arrays.toString(solution.twoSum3(nums, target)));
}
static class Solution {
public int[] twoSum1(int[] nums, int target) {
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < nums.length; j++) {
if (nums[j] == target - nums[i]) {
return new int[]{i, j};
}
}
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("No two sum solution");
}
public int[] twoSumHash(int[] nums, int target) {
Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
map.put(nums[i], i);
}
Iterator it = map.keySet().iterator();
int key, value;
while (it.hasNext()) {
key = (int) it.next();
value = map.get(key);
int left = target - key;
if (map.containsKey(left) && value != map.get(left)) {
return new int[]{value, map.get(left)};
}
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("No two sum solution");
}
public int[] twoSum2(int[] nums, int target) {
Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
map.put(nums[i], i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
int left = target - nums[i];
if (map.containsKey(left) && map.get(left) != i) {
return new int[]{i, map.get(left)};
}
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("No two sum solution");
}
public int[] twoSum3(int[] nums, int target) {
Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
int left = target - nums[i];
if (map.containsKey(left)) {
return new int[]{map.get(left), i};
}
map.put(nums[i], i);
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("No two sum solution");
}
}
}
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