在文学语体里,如果表示地点或方位的状语置于句首(其结构为:there+不及物动词+主语),实际上为了起到强调作用,使用了倒装语序,引导词“there”往往可以省去。例如(括号中的部分为省略部分,同时列出自然语序以资对比):
(1) In front of the carriage (there) rode two men in magnificent uniforms.
身着华丽制服的两个人骑着马在四轮马车的前面开道。
自然语序之一的形式:
Two men in magnificent uniforms rode in front of the carriage.
上面句子往往使用逗号将状语隔开:
In front of the carriage,(there) rode two men in magnificent uniforms.
(2) Slowly out of its hangar (there) rolled the gigantic aircraft.
一架庞大的飞机从机库里驶出。
自然语序之一的形式:
Slowly out of its hangar (there) rolled the gigantic aircraft.
The gigantic aircraft rolled slowly out of its hangar.
逗号分隔状语形式:
Slowly out of its hangar,(there) rolled the gigantic aircraft.
(3) Near that village (there) stood an ancient and stately hall.
那村子附近矗立着一座古代雄伟的厦。
自然语序之一的形式:
An ancient and stately hall stood near that village.
逗号分隔状语形式:
Near that village,(there) stood an ancient and stately hall.
(4) On each side of the hall (there) are recesses for ottomans and couches.
在大厅的每一侧都有放矮凳子和长沙发的凹壁。
自然语序之一的形式:
Recesses for ottomans and couches are (there) on each side of the hall.
逗号分隔状语形式:
On each side of the hall,(there) are recesses for ottomans and couches.
(5) On the pleasant shore of the French Riviera,about half way between Marseilles and the Italian border, (there) stands a large, proud, rose-colored hotel.(注意:原句已经使用逗号分隔。)
在法国里维埃拉宜人的海岸上,(它)大约在马赛和意大利边境之间的一半距离处,(那里)矗立着一家宏伟的玫瑰色酒店。
自然语序之一的形式:
A large, proud, rose-colored hotel stands on the pleasant shore of the French Riviera (whch is) about half way between Marseilles and the Italian border.
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