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经济学人-The new scramble for Africa

经济学人-The new scramble for Africa

作者: 极客与宽客 | 来源:发表于2019-03-11 11:02 被阅读25次

    The first great surge(浪涛) of foreign interest in Africa, dubbed(配音) the “scramble(争夺)”, was when 19th-century European colonists carved up(占领) the continent(大陆) and seized Africans’ land. The second was during the cold war, when East and West vied for(争取) the allegiance(忠诚) of newly independent African states; the Soviet(苏联) Union backed Marxist tyrants(马克思主义独裁) while America propped up(支持) despots(暴君) who claimed to believe in capitalism. A third surge, now under way, is more benign(良性). Outsiders have noticed that the continent is important and becoming more so, not least because of its growing share of the global population (by 2025 the un predicts that there will be more Africans than Chinese people). Governments and businesses from all around the world are rushing to strengthen diplomatic, strategic and commercial ties. This creates vast opportunities. If Africa handles the new scramble wisely, the main winners will be Africans themselves.

    外国人对非洲的第一次大肆争夺,即“争夺”,当时19世纪的欧洲殖民者在非洲大陆上占领了非洲人的土地。 第二个是在冷战期间,东西方争夺新独立非洲国家的效忠; 苏联支持马克思主义独裁,而美国支持那些声称相信资本主义的暴君。 目前正在进行的第三次激增更为温和。 局外人已经注意到非洲大陆非常重要并且变得更加重要,尤其是因为它在全球人口中的份额越来越大(到2025年,联合国预测非洲人将比中国人更多)。 来自世界各地的政府和企业正急于加强外交,战略和商业关系。 这创造了巨大的机会。 如果非洲明智地处理新的争夺战,主要的赢家将是非洲人自己。

    The extent of foreign engagement(参与度) is unprecedented(史无前例的) (see Briefing). Start with diplomacy(外交). From 2010 to 2016 more than 320 embassies(使馆) were opened in Africa, probably the biggest embassy-building boom anywhere, ever. Turkey alone opened 26. Last year India announced it would open 18. Military ties are deepening, too. America and France are lending muscle(力量) and technology to the struggle against jihadism in the Sahel. China is now the biggest arms seller(军火商) to sub-Saharan Africa and has defense-technology ties(国防技术纽带) with 45 countries. Russia has signed 19 military deals with African states since 2014. Oil-rich(石油丰富的) Arab states are building bases on the Horn of Africa and hiring African mercenaries(雇佣兵).

    外国参与的程度是前所未有的(见简报)。 从外交开始。 从2010年到2016年,在非洲开设了320多个大使馆,这可能是有史以来最大的使馆建设热潮。 土耳其独自开业26.去年印度宣布将开放18国。军事关系也在不断深化。 美国和法国正在为萨赫勒地区的圣战主义斗争提供力量和技术。 中国现在是撒哈拉以南非洲最大的军火商,与45个国家建立了国防技术联系。 自2014年以来,俄罗斯与非洲国家签署了19项军事协议。石油资源丰富的阿拉伯国家正在非洲之角建立基地并雇用非洲雇佣军。

    参考资料:https://www.economist.com/leaders/2019/03/07/the-new-scramble-for-africa

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