k8s-4：K8S+dashboard安装管理界面软件

百度网盘链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ZL07VO3ysXpyr5qMpMEHiw提取码: aa86

一、安装dashboard

（1）首先我们需要准备一个dashboard.yaml，首先访问dashboard的github官网，

https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/releases

（2）下载tar.gz包，将dashboard-2.0.0-rc6.tar.gz放到虚拟机上，创建一个k8s文件夹，把dashboard-2.0.0-rc6.tar.gz放入k8s文件夹中

（3）再浏览器复制连接打开yaml，复制yaml文件上的内容，复制到dashboard-deployment.yaml，并且把文件放到k8s文件夹中

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-rc6/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

dashboard-deployment(v2.0.0-rc6)版本的yaml文件内容，标红色的注意地方

# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.

#

# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

# You may obtain a copy of the License at

#

#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

#

# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

# limitations under the License.

apiVersion: v1

kind: Namespace

metadata:

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1

kind: ServiceAccount

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Service

apiVersion: v1

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

spec:

type: NodePort

  ports:

   - nodePort: 30888

      port: 443

      targetPort: 8443

  selector:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1

kind: Secret

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

type: Opaque

---

apiVersion: v1

kind: Secret

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

type: Opaque

data:

  csrf: ""

---

apiVersion: v1

kind: Secret

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

type: Opaque

---

kind: ConfigMap

apiVersion: v1

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Role

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

rules:

  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.

  - apiGroups: [""]

    resources: ["secrets"]

    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]

    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]

    # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.

  - apiGroups: [""]

    resources: ["configmaps"]

    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]

    verbs: ["get", "update"]

    # Allow Dashboard to get metrics.

  - apiGroups: [""]

    resources: ["services"]

    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]

    verbs: ["proxy"]

  - apiGroups: [""]

    resources: ["services/proxy"]

    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]

    verbs: ["get"]

---

kind: ClusterRole

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

rules:

  # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server

  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]

    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]

    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1

kind: RoleBinding

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

roleRef:

  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

  kind: Role

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

subjects:

  - kind: ServiceAccount

    name: kubernetes-dashboard

    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1

kind: ClusterRoleBinding

metadata:

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

roleRef:

  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

  kind: ClusterRole

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

subjects:

  - kind: ServiceAccount

    name: kubernetes-dashboard

    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Deployment

apiVersion: apps/v1

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

spec:

  replicas: 1

  revisionHistoryLimit: 10

  selector:

    matchLabels:

      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

    spec:

      containers:

        - name: kubernetes-dashboard

          #此处可以修改为自己可以访问的镜像地址

 image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.0.0-rc6

imagePullPolicy: Always

          ports:

            - containerPort: 8443

              protocol: TCP

          args:

            - --auto-generate-certificates

            - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard

            # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host

            # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect

            # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.

            # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port

          volumeMounts:

            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs

              mountPath: /certs

              # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs

            - mountPath: /tmp

              name: tmp-volume

          livenessProbe:

            httpGet:

              scheme: HTTPS

              path: /

              port: 8443

            initialDelaySeconds: 30

            timeoutSeconds: 30

          securityContext:

            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false

            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true

            runAsUser: 1001

            runAsGroup: 2001

      volumes:

        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs

          secret:

            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs

        - name: tmp-volume

          emptyDir: {}

      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard

      nodeSelector:

        "beta.kubernetes.io/os": linux

      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master

      tolerations:

        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master

          effect: NoSchedule

---

kind: Service

apiVersion: v1

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

spec:

  ports:

      port: 8000

      targetPort: 8000

  selector:

    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

---

kind: Deployment

apiVersion: apps/v1

metadata:

  labels:

    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper

  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

spec:

  replicas: 1

  revisionHistoryLimit: 10

  selector:

    matchLabels:

      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

      annotations:

        seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'runtime/default'

    spec:

      containers:

        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper

          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.3

          ports:

            - containerPort: 8000

              protocol: TCP

          livenessProbe:

            httpGet:

              scheme: HTTP

              path: /

              port: 8000

            initialDelaySeconds: 30

            timeoutSeconds: 30

          volumeMounts:

          - mountPath: /tmp

            name: tmp-volume

          securityContext:

            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false

            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true

            runAsUser: 1001

            runAsGroup: 2001

      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard

      nodeSelector:

        "beta.kubernetes.io/os": linux

      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master

      tolerations:

        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master

          effect: NoSchedule

      volumes:

        - name: tmp-volume

          emptyDir: {}

介绍下三种port：

nodePort：实际物理机上的端口，供外部访问

port： service端口，访问nodePort会被代理到service端口

targetPort: pod端口

client访问：nodeIP:port->serviceIP:port->podIP:port

介绍下imagePullPolicy

#总是拉取镜像

imagePullPolicy: Always

#默认值，本地有则使用本地镜像，不拉取

imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

#只使用本地镜像，从不拉取

imagePullPolicy: Never

（4）把dashboard-2.0.0-rc6.tar.gz加载到docker 镜像中

[root@master k8s]# docker load -i dashboard-2.0.0-rc6.tar.gz

如果以上docker load -i 方式无法导入，使用以下方式导入也是可以得

（5）或者执行加载yaml文件命令

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-rc6/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

（6）然后我们还需要一个用户权限的user.yaml，它用来绑定角色权限：文件放到k8s文件夹上

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1

kind: ClusterRoleBinding

metadata:

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

roleRef:

  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

  kind: ClusterRole

  name: cluster-admin

subjects:

- kind: ServiceAccount

  name: default

  namespace: default

（7）运行user.yaml

kubectl apply -f user.yaml

(8)查看dashborad的端口：找到yaml中的 namedata 和端口号

# kubectl get svc -n [yaml 中 metadata]

kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard

（9）输入dashborad的网址：网址地址为https:// + 本地ip + 服务设置的端口号

必须要添加https，页面会被阻止，然后点击高级，点击继续访问。

 （10）进入到登录界面

（11）配置登录用户，通过命令获取令牌信息

kubectl get secret

或者

kubectl describe secret default-token-w9z4x

将token保存起来。此默认用户权限较低。

用于用户登录的token：

eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjY2WGVrRlBoSVVyaWpwOVFDQnpTVjVqblJ2UjA2T2xaamx0a0FMQUNGRUEifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJkZWZhdWx0Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZWNyZXQubmFtZSI6ImRlZmF1bHQtdG9rZW4tdzl6NHgiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC5uYW1lIjoiZGVmYXVsdCIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6ImFiN2M1NGIwLWMyNjQtNDZhMC04YjkyLWY0MDEyMWE2NmMzOCIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDpkZWZhdWx0OmRlZmF1bHQifQ.gKbH47pvKK5NbMGbMllQpIfkwNlfCJZUcxugS1hUPs-Ypw_fiBWd_J9g72xUD2uN1YRjes2x3ytRE26q4_WOoKDnS46ksrjKG9Sm5hQ9OoRMexIwlPqwLB5ByL3UMV_UmXx-VvXdx18sSrB9VcACsBSl0R-gr2A8BWXIff61K6aQ2BWDTRg_BnclGX818TKxjCp84pMbo3VuXwJLgAk9Wh8dPA5bWgZdy8yg4kwrclIZ2gxbbCrs6g7mrf1nQSKeUliQPCosZAWTjXO0JQdg8VHUEf8dJWsuevpJbdbeagyyPL6q9SRAnt6E1bs7V5lApJ7zT7UjSMjQOAkvCV9tMA

创建一个用户权限比较高的用户：就是上面第（6）（7）步。然后执行查询用户token操作

创建一个文件create-admin-user.yml

apiVersion: v1

kind: ServiceAccount

metadata:

  name: admin-user

  namespace: kube-system

创建一个文件binding-admin-user.yml

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1

kind: ClusterRoleBinding

metadata:

  name: admin-user

  namespace: kube-system

roleRef:

  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

  kind: ClusterRole

  name: cluster-admin

subjects:

- kind: ServiceAccount

  name: admin-user

  namespace: kube-system

#红色部分代表空间（下一章讲解namespace），admin-user代码哪个用户

kubectl -nkube-systemdescribe secret $(kubectl -nkube-systemget secret | grepadmin-user| awk '{print $1}')

保存admin-user的token：

eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjY2WGVrRlBoSVVyaWpwOVFDQnpTVjVqblJ2UjA2T2xaamx0a0FMQUNGRUEifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi11c2VyLXRva2VuLXJrN3J4Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQubmFtZSI6ImFkbWluLXVzZXIiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC51aWQiOiIzMjQ2NzY2Mi1lYjg2LTQzODktYTUxNC0yMTA0NzY4ODFiZjAiLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZS1zeXN0ZW06YWRtaW4tdXNlciJ9.W8diRB65WJ0Kj6hY0gMFWqEzN-jbenZvjWCO9DkGiEvV3UP_fCrGMTIYCNBBbyi7RZCHHTx8moFgm4LSqgwlaH4UlPtU_imOiz4KXPXMTpYkEoDb1RQGg1iQFlNqmva3aBfVXYUy63JtI3m7R7kuN-tTzWQElhti2APpDac5RZUXESZgcqxiLd5KKYvub12y2VkjQwrG40LH_iw-S-PQMqvycrKOsA5bfiyZs3OqyfpDJ2zWV0qc7X36DJ6XxvRm1rkCzyrouQq6reARmvBE3jEg6uD0s-8mciIXPK32fWI8LeRhPb9r9qrwLbbvK_PajnJGjtENRv3KmZf1QdPgUA

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