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LeetCode #1347 Minimum Number of

LeetCode #1347 Minimum Number of

作者: air_melt | 来源:发表于2022-10-16 21:42 被阅读0次

    1347 Minimum Number of Steps to Make Two Strings Anagram 制造字母异位词的最小步骤数

    Description:

    You are given two strings of the same length s and t. In one step you can choose any character of t and replace it with another character.

    Return the minimum number of steps to make t an anagram of s.

    An Anagram of a string is a string that contains the same characters with a different (or the same) ordering.

    Example:

    Example 1:

    Input: s = "bab", t = "aba"
    Output: 1
    Explanation: Replace the first 'a' in t with b, t = "bba" which is anagram of s.

    Example 2:

    Input: s = "leetcode", t = "practice"
    Output: 5
    Explanation: Replace 'p', 'r', 'a', 'i' and 'c' from t with proper characters to make t anagram of s.

    Example 3:

    Input: s = "anagram", t = "mangaar"
    Output: 0
    Explanation: "anagram" and "mangaar" are anagrams.

    Constraints:

    1 <= s.length <= 5 * 10^4
    s.length == t.length
    s and t consist of lowercase English letters only.

    题目描述:

    给你两个长度相等的字符串 s 和 t。每一个步骤中,你可以选择将 t 中的 任一字符 替换为 另一个字符。

    返回使 t 成为 s 的字母异位词的最小步骤数。

    字母异位词 指字母相同,但排列不同(也可能相同)的字符串。

    示例:

    示例 1:

    输出:s = "bab", t = "aba"
    输出:1
    提示:用 'b' 替换 t 中的第一个 'a',t = "bba" 是 s 的一个字母异位词。

    示例 2:

    输出:s = "leetcode", t = "practice"
    输出:5
    提示:用合适的字符替换 t 中的 'p', 'r', 'a', 'i' 和 'c',使 t 变成 s 的字母异位词。

    示例 3:

    输出:s = "anagram", t = "mangaar"
    输出:0
    提示:"anagram" 和 "mangaar" 本身就是一组字母异位词。

    示例 4:

    输出:s = "xxyyzz", t = "xxyyzz"
    输出:0

    示例 5:

    输出:s = "friend", t = "family"
    输出:4

    提示:

    1 <= s.length <= 50000
    s.length == t.length
    s 和 t 只包含小写英文字母

    思路:

    模拟
    统计 s 和 t 的不同字符的个数
    只需要看 s 比 t 多的字符, 这个数量实际上也是 t 比 s 少的字符
    时间复杂度为 O(n), 空间复杂度为 O(1)

    代码:

    C++:

    class Solution 
    {
    public:
        int minSteps(string s, string t) 
        {
            vector<int> count(26);
            int result = 0, n = s.size();
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                ++count[s[i] - 'a'];
                --count[t[i] - 'a'];
            }
            for (const auto& i : count) result += max(0, i);
            return result;
        }
    };
    

    Java:

    class Solution {
        public int minSteps(String s, String t) {
            int count[] = new int[26], result = 0, n = s.length();
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                ++count[s.charAt(i) - 'a'];
                --count[t.charAt(i) - 'a'];
            }
            for (int i : count) result += Math.max(0, i);
            return result;
        }
    }
    

    Python:

    class Solution:
        def minSteps(self, s: str, t: str) -> int:
            return len(list((Counter(s) - Counter(t)).elements()))
    

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