安装minikuber

docker安装必须匹配k8s的版本

this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 19.03.5. Latest validated version: 18.09

关闭swap

swapoff -a

vim /etc/fstab
#UUID=d214c3f8-e09e-43bc-bd6b-4332a008cd98 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
#/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

https://www.jianshu.com/p/6f3268ce642f

系统初始化

关闭防火墙，selinux,基于主机名访问（dns或者dns）,同步时间（时间不一致，集群运行异常，如不能启动）,关闭swap分区

# 关掉 selinux
setenforce  0 
sed -i "s/^SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/sysconfig/selinux
# 关掉防火墙 
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
#关闭swap
swapoff -a

####
echo "vm.swappiness = 0">> /etc/sysctl.conf 
swapoff -a && swapon -a
sysctl -p



#开启转发的参数，根据实际报错情况开启，一般有如下三项
cat <<EOF >  /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
#加载内核配置
sysctl --system   /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
# 加载ipvs相关内核模块
# 如果重新开机，需要重新加载
   modprobe ip_vs
   modprobe ip_vs_rr
   modprobe ip_vs_wrr
   modprobe ip_vs_sh
   modprobe nf_conntrack_ipv4
   lsmod | grep ip_vs

安装virtualbox

安装docker

# step 1: 安装必要的一些系统工具
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
# Step 2: 添加软件源信息
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# Step 3: 更新并安装 Docker-CE
sudo yum makecache fast
sudo yum -y install docker-ce
# Step 4: 开启Docker服务
sudo service docker start

注意：其他注意事项在下面的注释中
# 官方软件源默认启用了最新的软件，您可以通过编辑软件源的方式获取各个版本的软件包。例如官方并没有将测试版本的软件源置为可用，你可以通过以下方式开启。同理可以开启各种测试版本等。
# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
#   将 [docker-ce-test] 下方的 enabled=0 修改为 enabled=1
#
# 安装指定版本的Docker-CE:
# Step 1: 查找Docker-CE的版本:
# yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r
#   Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
#   Loaded plugins: branch, fastestmirror, langpacks
#   docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
#   docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            @docker-ce-stable
#   docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
#   Available Packages
# Step2 : 安装指定版本的Docker-CE: (VERSION 例如上面的 17.03.0.ce.1-1.el7.centos)
# sudo yum -y install docker-ce-[VERSION]
# 注意：在某些版本之后，docker-ce安装出现了其他依赖包，如果安装失败的话请关注错误信息。例如 docker-ce 17.03 之后，需要先安装 docker-ce-selinux。
# yum list docker-ce-selinux- --showduplicates | sort -r
# sudo yum -y install docker-ce-selinux-[VERSION]

# 通过经典网络、VPC网络内网安装时，用以下命令替换Step 2中的命令
# 经典网络：
# sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# VPC网络：
# sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.could.aliyuncs.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

查看最新的版本号

wget http://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt

安装kubectl使用最新的版本号

cat>>/etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo<<EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF


yum install -y kubectl


---
wget "https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.15.1/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl" -O "/usr/local/bin/kubectl"

cp kubectl /usr/local/bin/
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/kubectl

通过 curl 命令安装 kubectl 可执行文件

通过以下命令下载 kubectl 的最新版本：

curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
若需要下载特定版本的 kubectl，请将上述命令中的 $(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt) 部分替换成为需要下载的 kubectl 的具体版本即可。

例如，如果需要下载用于 Linux 的 v1.17.0 版本，需要使用如下命令：

curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.17.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
修改所下载的 kubectl 二进制文件为可执行模式。

chmod +x ./kubectl
将 kubectl 可执行文件放置到你的 PATH 目录下。

sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl

https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/

自动开启 kubectl 自动补全

yum install bash-completion -y

echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc

安装minikube

首先记住阿里云发布的minikube地址
https://github.com/AliyunContainerService/minikube

查看最新版本

https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/releases

＃查看是否支持虚拟化
egrep -q 'vmx|svm' /proc/cpuinfo && echo yes || echo no

＃下载安装
curl -Lo minikube http://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/minikube/releases/v1.2.0/minikube-linux-amd64 && chmod +x minikube && sudo mv minikube /usr/local/bin/

从1.5.0版本开始，Minikube缺省使用本地最好的驱动来创建Kubernetes本地环境
minikube start

#virtualbox启动
minikube start --vm-driver=virtualbox

#start a new cluster
minikube start -p <name> 


＃增加内存
minikube config set memory 4096
minikube config set vm-driver none

＃不用虚拟化
minikube start --vm-driver=none


minikube status

#登录虚拟机
~ minikube ssh
~ minikube stop

~ minikube delete

#重置,重置之后会清理所有缓存的镜像，重头开始
rm-rf~/.minikube


＃打开Kubernetes控制台
minikube dashboard

minikube dashboard --url





kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --port=8080

＃　see the pod states by running
kubectl get po -A

kubectl cluster-info

kubectl get pods --all-namespaces

kubectl cluster-info

kubectl cluster-info dump

kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. 

Use kubectl run --generator=run-pod/v1 or kubectl create instead.

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43695104/article/details/100703437

https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/tasks/tools/install-minikube/
https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/linux/

启动minikube

vm-driver为none 默认为：virtualbox
镜像下载使用docker国内源

minikube start --vm-driver=none --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com

Temporary Error: unexpected response code: 503

解决方案：

根据 minikube dashboard returns 503 error on macOS 的答案，删除 minikube：

minikube delete -p minikube  

重启启动，好了。

minikube 在 运行 dashboard 时 报错 exec: "xdg-open"

需要安抓如下依赖：
yum install xdg-utils

xdg-open: no method available for opening

• 添加集群对外访问代理：

nohub kubectl proxy  --port=[需要暴露的端口号] --address='[服务器IP]' --accept-hosts='^[外部访问服务器的IP]$'  >/dev/null 2>&1& 

例如：

nohup kubectl proxy  --port=8088 --address='10.30.80.200' --accept-hosts='^192.168.1.(\d)+$'  >/dev/null 2>&1&

k8s.gcr.io国内无法连接解决方法

https://www.jianshu.com/p/d6848c711436
k8s.gcr.io国内无法连接解决方法

    [WARNING Swap]: running with swap on is not supported. Please disable swap
    [WARNING FileExisting-socat]: socat not found in system path
    [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 19.03.5. Latest validated version: 18.09
    [WARNING Hostname]: hostname "minikube" could not be reached
    [WARNING Hostname]: hostname "minikube": lookup minikube on 114.114.114.114:53: no such host
    [WARNING Service-Kubelet]: kubelet service is not enabled, please run 'systemctl enable kubelet.service'
error execution phase preflight: [preflight] Some fatal errors occurred:
    [ERROR FileContent--proc-sys-net-bridge-bridge-nf-call-iptables]: /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables contents are not set to 1
[preflight] If you know what you are doing, you can make a check non-fatal with `--ignore-preflight-errors=...

解决

[ERROR FileContent--proc-sys-net-bridge-bridge-nf-call-iptables]: /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables contents are not set to 1

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables

kubelet cgroup driver: "cgroupfs" is different from docker cgroup driver: "systemd"
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000020478007

🤹  Configuring local host environment ...

⚠️  The 'none' driver provides limited isolation and may reduce system security and reliability.
⚠️  For more information, see:
👉  https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/blob/master/docs/vmdriver-none.md

⚠️  kubectl and minikube configuration will be stored in /root
⚠️  To use kubectl or minikube commands as your own user, you may
⚠️  need to relocate them. For example, to overwrite your own settings:

    ▪ sudo mv /root/.kube /root/.minikube $HOME
    ▪ sudo chown -R $USER $HOME/.kube $HOME/.minikube

💡  This can also be done automatically by setting the env var CHANGE_MINIKUBE_NONE_USER=true
⌛  Verifying: apiserver proxy etcd scheduler controller dns

检验是否能用

#打开控制台
minikube dashboard


kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --port=8080
kubectl get pod

https://www.jianshu.com/nb/40066919

https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/setup/learning-environment/#minikube-%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd

https://my.oschina.net/u/228832/blog/3079150

https://www.cnblogs.com/linguoguo/p/10619460.html

https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/221687

https://www.jianshu.com/p/b10c0d7f7d18

随笔分类 - docker+k8s