Intent 用于通过描述您想在某个 `[Intent] 对象中执行的简单操作（如“查看地图”或“拍摄照片”）来启动另一应用中的某个 Activity。 这种 Intent 称作隐式 Intent，因为它并不指定要启动的应用组件，而是指定一项操作并提供执行该操作所需的一些数据。
当您调用 [startActivity()] 或 [startActivityForResult()] 并向其传递隐式 Intent 时，系统会 [将 Intent 解析]为可处理该 Intent 的应用并启动其对应的 [Activity]。 如果有多个应用可处理 Intent，系统会为用户显示一个对话框，供其选择要使用的应用。
MainActivity程序起点
private Button alarmButton;
private Button eventButton;
private Button caButton;
private Button cactButton;
private Button cactInsertButton;
private Button emailButton;
private Button emailAppButton;
private Button catButton;
private Button mapButton;
private Button audioButton;
private Button phoneButton;
private Button bowerButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
alarmButton = findViewById(R.id.button_alarm);
eventButton = findViewById(R.id.button_event);
caButton = findViewById(R.id.button_ca);
cactButton = findViewById(R.id.button_cact);
cactInsertButton = findViewById(R.id.button_cact_inset);
emailButton = findViewById(R.id.button_email);
emailAppButton = findViewById(R.id.button_email_app);
catButton = findViewById(R.id.button_cat);
mapButton = findViewById(R.id.button_map);
audioButton = findViewById(R.id.button_audio);
phoneButton = findViewById(R.id.button_phone);
bowerButton = findViewById(R.id.button_bower);
alarmButton.setOnClickListener(this);//设置系统闹钟
eventButton.setOnClickListener(this);//添加日历
caButton.setOnClickListener(this);//打开系统相机
cactButton.setOnClickListener(this);//打开特定联系人
cactInsertButton.setOnClickListener(this);//插入联系人
emailButton.setOnClickListener(this);//打开电子邮件
emailAppButton.setOnClickListener(this);//打开电子邮件
catButton.setOnClickListener(this);//叫车
mapButton.setOnClickListener(this);//地图应用
audioButton.setOnClickListener(this);//播放音乐
phoneButton.setOnClickListener(this);//打电话
bowerButton.setOnClickListener(this);//打开浏览器
}
/**
* 打开浏览器
*
* @param url
*/
public void openWebPage(String url) {
Uri webpage = Uri.parse(url);
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, webpage);
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivity(intent);
}
}
/**
* 打电话
*/
public void callMe(String phoneNumber) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL);
intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:" + phoneNumber));
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivity(intent);
}
}
/**
* 播放特定歌手音乐
*/
public void playSearchArtist(String artist) {
Toast.makeText(this, "播放音乐", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.INTENT_ACTION_MEDIA_PLAY_FROM_SEARCH);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_MEDIA_FOCUS,
MediaStore.Audio.Artists.ENTRY_CONTENT_TYPE);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_MEDIA_ARTIST, artist);
intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY, artist);
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivity(intent);
}
}
/**
* 打开地图应用
*
* @param geoLocation
*/
public void showMap(Uri geoLocation) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setData(geoLocation);
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivity(intent);
}
}
/**
* 叫车用用
*/
public void callCar() {
//Intent intent = new Intent(ReserveIntents.ACTION_RESERVE_TAXI_RESERVATION);
//if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
// startActivity(intent);
// }
}
/**
* 打开电子邮件,app
*/
public void composeEmail(String[] addresses, String subject) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
intent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:")); // only email apps should handle this
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, addresses);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivity(intent);
}
}
/**
* 打开电子邮件,本地手机
*/
public void composeEmail(String[] addresses, String subject, Uri attachment) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.setType("*/*");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, addresses);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, attachment);
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivity(intent);
}
}
/**
* 插入联系人
*/
public void insertContact(String name, String email) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_INSERT);
intent.setType(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_TYPE);
intent.putExtra(ContactsContract.Intents.Insert.NAME, name);
intent.putExtra(ContactsContract.Intents.Insert.EMAIL, email);
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivity(intent);
}
}
/**
* 选择特定联系人
*/
static final int REQUEST_SELECT_PHONE_NUMBER = 1;
public void selectContact() {
// Start an activity for the user to pick a phone number from contacts
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
intent.setType(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_TYPE);
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_SELECT_PHONE_NUMBER);
}
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
//联系人回调
if (requestCode == REQUEST_SELECT_PHONE_NUMBER && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
// Get the URI and query the content provider for the phone number
Uri contactUri = data.getData();
String[] projection = new String[]{ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER};
Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(contactUri, projection,
null, null, null);
// If the cursor returned is valid, get the phone number
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int numberIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER);
String number = cursor.getString(numberIndex);
// Do something with the phone number
}
}
// 相机回调
if (requestCode == REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
Bitmap thumbnail = data.getParcelableExtra("data");
// Do other work with full size photo saved in mLocationForPhotos
}
}
/**
* 启动相机
*/
static final int REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE = 1;
//static final Uri mLocationForPhotos;
public void captureOhpto(String targetFileNmae) {
//Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);//相机模式启动
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.INTENT_ACTION_VIDEO_CAMERA);//视频模式启动
//intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.withAppendedPath(mLocationForPhotos,targetFileNmae));
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivity(intent);
}
}
/**
* 添加日历
*/
public void addEvent(String title, String location, Calendar begin, Calendar end) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_INSERT)
.setData(CalendarContract.Events.CONTENT_URI)
.putExtra(CalendarContract.Events.TITLE, title)
.putExtra(CalendarContract.Events.EVENT_LOCATION, location)
.putExtra(CalendarContract.EXTRA_EVENT_BEGIN_TIME, begin)
.putExtra(CalendarContract.EXTRA_EVENT_END_TIME, end);
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivity(intent);
}
}
/**
* 创建闹钟
*/
public void createAlarm(String message, int hour, int minutes) {
Intent intent = new Intent(AlarmClock.ACTION_SET_ALARM)
.putExtra(AlarmClock.EXTRA_MESSAGE, message)
.putExtra(AlarmClock.EXTRA_HOUR, hour)
.putExtra(AlarmClock.EXTRA_MINUTES, minutes);
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
startActivity(intent);
}
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.button_alarm:
createAlarm("打开创建系统闹钟页面", 14, 27);
break;
case R.id.button_event:
addEvent("添加日历", "我也不知道该写什么", Calendar.getInstance(), Calendar.getInstance());
break;
case R.id.button_ca:
captureOhpto("抛射图片");
break;
case R.id.button_cact:
selectContact();
break;
case R.id.button_cact_inset:
insertContact("周大王", "1102344710@qq.com");
break;
case R.id.button_email:
composeEmail(new String[]{"1102344710", "1112344710"}, "这是主题", Uri.EMPTY);
break;
case R.id.button_email_app:
composeEmail(new String[]{"1102344710", "1112344710"}, "这是主题");
break;
case R.id.button_cat:
Toast.makeText(this, "不知道为啥不能使用", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
break;
case R.id.button_map:
String url = "http://api.map.baidu.com/direction?origin=33.988177,118.786991&destination=32.047616,118.790609&mode=driving&output=";
Uri uri = Uri.parse(url);
showMap(uri);
break;
case R.id.button_audio:
playSearchArtist("薛之谦");
//createAlarm("打开创建系统闹钟页面",14,27);
break;
case R.id.button_phone:
callMe("15257135393");
break;
case R.id.button_bower:
openWebPage("http://www.xiaomi.com");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
布局文件
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_alarm"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="创建闹钟" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_event"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="添加日历" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_ca"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="启动相机" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_cact"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="打开联系人" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_cact_inset"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="插入联系人" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_email"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="打开电子邮件" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_email_app"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="打开电子邮件" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_cat"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="叫车" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_map"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="打开地图应用" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_audio"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="播放特定歌手音乐" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_phone"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="打电话" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_bower"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="打开浏览器" />
</LinearLayout>
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