玩转本地Redis

初学Redis的时候，利用Spring提供的Redis模板（StringRedisTemplate），操作本地Redis数据。
在这里分享给大家，有不足的地方，欢迎指正。

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前提：搭建Spring环境，引入基本jar（这里不再描述），我自己搭建的是maven项目，故在pom.xml文件中引入以下dependency，因为其他地方也要用到别的jar，所以这里把Spring基本jar包全都引进来。

<properties>
        <version.springframework>4.1.5.RELEASE</version.springframework>
        <version.framework.core>0.0.34</version.framework.core>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringFramework 4.1.5.RELEASE -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${version.springframework}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

第一步，配置Redis，我是在applicationContext.xml文件配置的（文件名自己定义）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans default-autowire="byName"
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo"
    xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"    
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd ">

    <context:component-scan base-package="redis" />
    
    <!-- spring管理redis缓存管理器 -->
    <bean id="redisCacheManager" class="org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager">
        <constructor-arg index="0" ref="redisTemplate" />
    </bean>

    <cache:annotation-driven cache-manager="redisCacheManager" />

    <!-- 引入redis配置 --> 
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:system.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/> 
    
    <!-- jedis 连接池配置 -->
    <bean id="poolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
        <property name="maxTotal" value="${redis.pool.maxTotal}" />
        <property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.pool.maxIdle}" />
        <property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.pool.maxWaitMillis}" />
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.pool.testOnBorrow}" />
    </bean>

    <!-- redis的连接工厂 -->
    <bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory"> 
        <property name="hostName" value="${redis.ip}" /> 
        <property name="port" value="${redis.port}"/> 
        <property name="password" value="${redis.auth}"/> 
        <property name="database" value="${redis.db}"/> 
        <property name="poolConfig" ref="poolConfig" /> 
    </bean> 

    <!-- spring data 提供 redis模板 -->
    <bean id="redisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate">
        <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
        <property name="keySerializer">
            <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" />
        </property>
        <property name="valueSerializer">
            <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" />
        </property>
        <property name="hashKeySerializer">     
           <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer"/>     
        </property>   
        <property name="hashValueSerializer">   
           <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer"/>     
        </property> 
    </bean>
</beans>

system.properties文件

redis.pool.maxTotal=105 
redis.pool.maxIdle=10 
redis.pool.maxWaitMillis=5000 
redis.pool.testOnBorrow=true 
redis.ip=127.0.0.1 
redis.port=6379
redis.auth=myRedis
redis.db=1

第二步，编写Java代码，示例如下：

package redis;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.HashOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ListOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.SetOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ZSetOperations;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**
 * Spring测试类，要注意引用的jar包版本，不然会报错
 * 
 * @author sunck
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath*:spring/applicationContext*.xml")
public class RedisTemplateHelper
{
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;// 注入配置好的Redis模板

    @Test
    public void testStr()
    {
        // 通过模板,获取到String类型的redis对象
        ValueOperations<String, String> redisStr = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
        // 使用set方法,保存key和value的值
        redisStr.set("ssss", "会不会乱码");
        // 使用get(key)的方法获取到city对应的值
        String city = redisStr.get("ssss");
        System.out.println(city);
    }

    @Test
    public void testList()
    {
        ListOperations<String, String> redisList = redisTemplate.opsForList();
        redisList.leftPush("cities", "南京");
        redisList.leftPush("cities", "北京");
        redisList.leftPush("cities", "上海");
        redisList.remove("cities", -2, "南京");
        List<String> list = redisList.range("cities", 0, 10);
        System.out.println(list);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSet()
    {
        SetOperations<String, String> redisSet = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
        String[] arr =
        {
            "java", "redis", "mongo", "kafka"
        };
        redisSet.add("lesson", arr);
        Set<String> set = redisSet.members("lesson");
        System.out.println(set);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSortSet()
    {
        ZSetOperations<String, String> redisZSet = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
        redisZSet.add("week", "sun", 0);
        redisZSet.add("week", "tus", 2);
        redisZSet.add("week", "mon", 1);
        redisZSet.add("week", "fri", 4);
        redisZSet.add("week", "mon", 3);
        Set<String> set = redisZSet.rangeByScore("week", 0, 10);
        System.out.println(set);
    }

    @Test
    public void testHash()
    {
        HashOperations<String, Object, Object> redisHash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("name", "小孙");
        map.put("age", "27");
        map.put("height", "180");
        redisHash.putAll("people", map);
        Set<Object> keys = redisHash.keys("people");
        for (Object key : keys)
        {
            Object value = redisHash.get("people", key);
            System.out.println(key + ":" + value);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext appCtx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "classpath*:spring/applicationContext*.xml");
        final RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate = appCtx.getBean("redisTemplate", RedisTemplate.class);
        // 通过模板,获取到String类型的redis对象
        ValueOperations<String, String> redisStr = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
        // 使用set方法,保存key和value的值
        redisStr.set("city", "南京");
        // 使用get(key)的方法获取到city对应的值
        String city = redisStr.get("city");
        System.out.println(city);
    }
}

注意：运行main方法之前，必须要先启动本地Redis，运行命令见前面的文章（Redis学习笔记），这里不再说明。

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参考资料请看Redis官网