讨论的倒数第二段
Holleley, Clare E., Denis O’Meally, Stephen D. Sarre, Jennifer A. Marshall Graves, Tariq Ezaz, Kazumi Matsubara, Bhumika Azad, Xiuwen Zhang, and Arthur Georges. ‘Sex Reversal Triggers the Rapid Transition from Genetic to Temperature-Dependent Sex’.Nature523, no. 7558 (2 July 2015): 79–82.https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14574.
中文：
在不久的将来，最重要的问题之一就是生物是否有足够的适应性来应对快速变化的气候，或者非常脆弱以至于灭绝。在这里我们提供了一个极端气候如何快速且根本的改变气候敏感的爬行动物的生物体（改变性别决定模式）和基因组（丢失W染色体）的例子。因此不利的进化反应，尤其是当全球气温上升时转换为TSD，可以通过温度敏感和随机过程的结合来实现。这一点非常重要因为温度导致的极端性别比例偏向被认为是一项灭绝驱动因素，尤其是在具有TSD的群体中。然而，我们的研究表明这些风险可能延伸到更广泛的范围。暴露在高温中可以扰乱明显稳定的GSD系统，诱发到TSD的快速转变，不可避免的走向一个高度雌性化的群体和因此更高风险的灭绝。
英文：
One of the most important questions for the near future is whether organisms will be sufficiently resilient to withstand a rapidly changing climate, or so vulnerable that they will succumb to extinction. We provide here an example of how climatic extremes can rapidly and fundamentally alter the biology (switches in sex determination mode )and the genome (loss of the W chromosome) of climate-sensitive reptiles. Thus adverse evolutionary responses, specifically a sitch to TSD if global temperatures rise, can occur through a combination of temperature sensitivity and stochastic processes. This is important because temperature-induced extreme sex-ratio bias is thought to be an extinction driver exclusively in species with TSD. However, we show here that these risks may extend more broadly. Exposure to high temperature can perturb apparently stable GSD systems, induce a rapid transition to TSD and then proceed inexorably towards a highly feminized population and thus a greater risk of extinction.
很好的词：
withstand; succumb to; alter; occur;
extinction driver; extend; perturb; induce
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