中文
但到了 20 世纪 70 年代，经济学家们开始意识到，以国有化解决这类问题，代价很高。政府扶持的企业较少受到竞争的冲击；它们行动迟缓，所围积的资源本可在别处得到更好的利用。但疏于削减成本也不总是缺点。
我的译文
But up to 1970s, there was a consensus reached among economists that prices are going to be high if the problem was left to nationalization. Companies with government support at behind are rarely affected by competition. Their resources in storage could be better used in other places, given their lack of vitality. However, their neglect of cost reduction is not always a shortcoming.
经济学人原文
But in the 1970s economists came to see state ownership as a costly fix to such problems. Firms with the backing of the state are less vulnerable to competition; as they lumber on they hoard resources that could be better used elsewhere. Inattention to cost-cutting is not always a flaw.
📌对比分析
economists came to see state ownership as a costly fix to such problems
👉If someone comes to do something, they do it at the end of a long process or period of time.
[V to-inf]She said it so many times that she came to believe it...
[V to-inf]Although it was a secret wedding, the press did eventually come to hear about it.
👉You can refer to a solution to a problem as a fix.[INFORMAL]
See also:quick fix
Many of those changes could just be a temporary fix.
Firms with the backing of the state are less vulnerable to competition
👉If someone has the backing of an organization or an important person, they receive support or money from that organization or person in order to do something.
He said the president had the full backing of his government to negotiate a deal...
Mr Bach set up his own consulting business with the backing of his old boss.
Syn:support
👉vulnerable
/ˈvʌlnərəbL; ˈvʌln$rəb$l/ADJ
1.someone who is vulnerable can be easily harmed or hurt感情脆弱的；易受伤的：
He took advantage of me when I was at my most vulnerable.他在我最脆弱的时候利用了我。We work mainly with the elderly and other vulnerable groups.我们主要和老年人以及其他弱势群体打交道。
be vulnerable to sth Children are most vulnerable to abuse within their own home.儿童在自己家里最容易受到虐待。
2.a place, thing, or idea that is vulnerable is easy to attack or criticize易受攻击的；易受责难的：
[+to]The fort was vulnerable to attack from the north.这个堡垒的北面易受进攻。Their theories were badly thought out and very vulnerable to ridicule.他们的理论不够缜密，非常容易被人取笑。
—vulnerablyADV
—vulnerability/ˌvʌlnərəˈbɪlɪtɪ; ˌvʌln$rəˈbɪl%ti/N[U]
📌词汇积累
👉国有化——state ownership, nationalization
nationalize
VERB
[with object]
Transfer (a major branch of industry or commerce) from private to state ownership or control: the Bank of England was nationalized in the winter of 1946-7 (as adjective nationalized) the nationalized industries
nationalization
NOUN
President Nasser's nationalization of the Suez Canal and the subsequent British and French attack on Port Said was and still is a pivotal event in modern Arab history.
Caught in the middle, he has since moved to the left, endorsing nationalization but arguing that it should be done through a national constitutional assembly.
👉lumber
/ˈlʌmbə(r)/noun
[U]
1.(especially NAmE)=TIMBER(2)
2.(BrE) pieces of furniture, and other large objects that you do not use any more废旧家具；不用的大件物品
a lumber room(= for storing LUMBER in)杂物贮藏室
lumber
/ˈlʌmbə(r)/verb
1.[V+adv./prep.] to move in a slow, heavy and awkward way缓慢吃力地移动；笨拙地行进
A family of elephants lumbered by.一群大象迈着缓慢而沉重的步子从旁边经过。
2.[VN][usually passive]~ sb(with sb/ sth)(informal)to give sb a responsibility, etc., that they do not want and that they cannot get rid of迫使担负（职责等）
When our parents went out, my sister got lumbered with me for the evening.父母外出时，晚上姐姐就得照管我。
👉inattention
/ˌɪnəˈtenʃn/noun [U](usually disapproving)
lack of attention不注意；不经心
The accident was the result of a moment's inattention.这次事故是一时不小心造成的。
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