2024-04-17：Android 14 兼容日记之权限

1、文件访问权限的改变，权限限制更加严格，需要手动赋予app的文件访问权限
AndroidManifest.xml

    <!--写入SD卡的权限:如果你希望保存相机拍照后的照片-->
    <!--<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />-->
    <!--读取SD卡的权限:打开相册选取图片所必须的权限-->
    <!--<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

WelcomeActivity.java

 public void manageExternalStorage() {
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
            boolean isExternal = Environment.isExternalStorageManager();
            Log.e("MyApplication", "android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT:" + android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT);
            Log.e("MyApplication", "isExternal:" + isExternal);
            if (!isExternal) {
                DialogUtil.showConfirmDialog(
                  this, 
                  "\"" + Constants.APP_NAME + "\"需要手动允许以下权限，您是否允许？", // title
                  "存储\n修改或删除存储卡的内容\n读取存储卡的内容", //content
                  new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                        // 创建一个Intent指向系统的特定设置页面
                        Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_ALL_FILES_ACCESS_PERMISSION);
                        // 检查是否存在处理该Intent的应用
                        if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
                            // 如果存在，则启动该Activity
                            startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION_MANAGE_EXTERNAL);
                        } else {
                            // 如果不存在，可以引导用户到应用的设置页面
                            Intent appSettingsIntent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
                            Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null);
                            appSettingsIntent.setData(uri);
                            startActivityForResult(appSettingsIntent, REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION_MANAGE_EXTERNAL);
                        }
                    }
                });
            }else{     
                WelcomeActivity.this.startActivity(new Intent(WelcomeActivity.this, NectarLauncher.class));
                WelcomeActivity.this.finish();
            }
        }
    }
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if(requestCode==REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION_MANAGE_EXTERNAL){
            restartApp();
        }
    }
    public void restartApp() {
        Intent intent = getBaseContext().getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage(getBaseContext().getPackageName());
        ComponentName componentName = intent.getComponent();
        Intent mainIntent = Intent.makeRestartActivityTask(componentName);
        startActivity(mainIntent);
        Runtime.getRuntime().exit(0);
    }

2、关于定位权限 ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION：
targetSdk 小于29时，该权限需要申请这个："android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION"
Android14兼容需要将targetSdk升到34，所以权限由android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION改
为"Manifest.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION"
如果不进行以上修改，会导致与其共同申请的权限不自动弹窗提示。
3、 targetSdk升34
compileSdk升到25以上
jdk升到17
build-tool升到com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.2.2
gradle升到https://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.2-bin.zip
基本可以保证编译不报错