flutter项目基础配置

一、flutter项目的配置文件说明

• flutter配置文件是pubspec.yaml
• 一些常用组件介绍

name: offlinetestroom_flutter #项目名
description: "A new Flutter project." #项目描述
publish_to: 'none' # Remove this line if you wish to publish to pub.dev

version: 1.0.0+1 #版本号和构建号，打包时默认是从pubspec.yaml中version读取的。标准格式：version:A.B.C+X

environment:
  sdk: '>=3.3.0 <4.0.0' #Dart sdk版本号，多人开发中建议写死

 #以下是依赖的三方库
dependencies: 
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter

  cupertino_icons: ^1.0.6 #自带的图标库，iOS风格
  shared_preferences: ^2.2.2 #用于在设备上存储简单的持久化数据
  dio: ^5.2.0 # HTTP 客户端库，适用于处理复杂网络请求
  get: ^4.0.0 #状态管理库，比如导航、状态管理、依赖注入等
  collection: ^1.18.0 #用于对数据进行集合操作和处理
  json_annotation: ^4.8.1 #生成 JSON 序列化代码的库，配合 json_serializable 库一起，自动将json生成dart模型对象。
  freezed_annotation: ^2.4.1 # 数据类生成库，用于简化不可变数据类的定义。它与 freezed 库一起使用，可以生成不可变对象、实现模式匹配，并自动生成 copyWith、toString、hashCode、== 操作符等方法。
  fluttertoast: ^8.0.7 # 提示消息的插件库
  dio_cookie_manager : ^3.1.1 #配合Dio网络请求库中管理HTTP cookie的Flutter插件
  dio_http2_adapter: ^2.5.2 # Dio网络请求库中添加对HTTP/2协议的支持的Flutter插件。
  logger: ^2.2.0 #日志记录库
  # path_provider: ^2.1.3 # 用于获取设备上常见文件和目录的路径的插件库
  intl: ^0.19.0 #国际化和本地化任务，处理字符
  marquee: ^2.2.3 # 显示滚动文本的小部件，适配文字超出
  
  
dev_dependencies:
  flutter_test:
    sdk: flutter

  # The "flutter_lints" package below contains a set of recommended lints to
  # encourage good coding practi ces. The lint set provided by the package is
  # activated in the `analysis_options.yaml` file located at the root of your
  # package. See that file for information about deactivating specific lint
  # rules and activating additional ones.
  flutter_lints: ^3.0.0
  build_runner: ^2.4.9
  json_serializable: ^6.7.1
  freezed: ^2.5.0

# For information on the generic Dart part of this file, see the
# following page: https://dart.dev/tools/pub/pubspec

# The following section is specific to Flutter packages.
flutter:

  # The following line ensures that the Material Icons font is
  # included with your application, so that you can use the icons in
  # the material Icons class.
  uses-material-design: true

  # 在你的应用里添加assets，需要按在这里添加路径，否则无法识别文件，例如添加image或json
  assets:
    - assets/
    - assets/images/
    - assets/images/login/
    - assets/images/exam/
    - assets/images/home/
    - assets/images/home/newslist/
    - assets/images/icon/
    - assets/images/icon/tabbarIcon/
    - assets/images/usercenter/
    - assets/data/
    - assets/data/call/
    - assets/data/home/
    - assets/data/exam/
    - assets/data/appointment/
  # An image asset can refer to one or more resolution-specific "variants", see
  # https://flutter.dev/assets-and-images/#resolution-aware

  # For details regarding adding assets from package dependencies, see
  # https://flutter.dev/assets-and-images/#from-packages

  # 如果要在应用中添加字体，需要在这里进行配置
  # in this "flutter" section. Each entry in this list should have a
  # "family" key with the font family name, and a "fonts" key with a
  # list giving the asset and other descriptors for the font. For
  # example:
   fonts:
    - family: Schyler
      fonts:
        - asset: fonts/Schyler-Regular.ttf
        - asset: fonts/Schyler-Italic.ttf
          style: italic
    - family: Trajan Pro
      fonts:
        - asset: fonts/TrajanPro.ttf
        - asset: fonts/TrajanPro_Bold.ttf
          weight: 700
  # For details regarding fonts from package dependencies,
  # see https://flutter.dev/custom-fonts/#from-packages

二、如何使用第三方插件

1. 可以去flutter插件库搜索你想要安装的插件

网址：Dart packages

2. 添加到pubspec的插件配置中dependencies:下面

dependencies: 
  cupertino_icons: ^1.0.6 #自带的图标库，iOS风格

3.切换到vscode中的终端窗口，输入安装命令进行安装

flutter packages get        // 获取pubspec.yaml中所有的依赖关系          
flutter packages upgrade  //获取pubspec.yaml中所有列表中的依赖项的最新版

三、如何安装扩展

1、打开vscode，找到左侧菜单栏小方块图案，安装扩展插件， Flutter项目需要安装的插件列表如下：

• Build Runner
• Chinese(Simplified)(简体中文)
• Dart
• Dart build_runner
• Flutter
• Flutter Intl
• ESLint

补充说明

• ESLint 主要用于代码的格式化和代码质量检查。ESLint 可以通过配置规则实现代码自动格式化，同时发现和修复代码中的潜在问题。只需要cmd+s/ctrl+s保存代码，就会自动规范格式化代码。

参考文章

flutter 中的版本管理