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Openstack 安装

Openstack 安装

作者: davisgao | 来源:发表于2018-05-09 14:26 被阅读0次

    1.环境准备

    centos7

    1.1、yum安装设置

    • yum list |grep openstack
      centos-release-openstack-newton.noarch 1-2.el7 extras
      centos-release-openstack-ocata.noarch 1-2.el7 extras
      centos-release-openstack-pike.x86_64 1-1.el7 extras
      centos-release-openstack-queens.x86_64 1-1.el7.centos extras

    • yum install centos-release-openstack-queens.x86_64 1-1.el7.centos -y 此时会在/etc/yum.repo.d/下产生Openstack的yum源配置

    1.2、OpenStack 客户端

      yum install python-openstackclient -y
  yum install openstack-selinux -y

    2.安装

    2.1、mariadb数据库的安装

    OpenStack使用数据库来存储，支持大部分数据库MariaDB或、MySQL或者PostgreSQL，数据库运行于控制节点。

    • 卸载原版本mysql 
      rpm -qa|grep mariadb
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-common-5.7.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-libs-5.7.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-client-5.7.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-server-5.7.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    • 安装mysql 
       yum install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL  -y
    • 修改配置（/etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf） 
        [mysqld]
  bind-address = 10.20.16.229
  default-storage-engine = innodb
  innodb_file_per_table = on
  max_connections = 4096
  collation-server = utf8_general_ci
  character-set-server = utf8
  # 目录预先规划
  datadir=/data/openstack/mysql/data
  socket=/data/openstack/mysql/mysql.sock
  log-error=/data/openstack/mysql/log/mariadb.log
  pid-file=/data/openstack/mysql/mariadb.pid
    • 修改工作目录属组 
        chown mysql:mysql -R /data/openstack/mysql
    • 启动 
        systemctl enable mariadb.service
  systemctl start mariadb.service
    • 执行初始化设置 
        #账号初始化
  mysql_secure_installation
  #远程访问设置（用于后期其他节点连接）
  GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';

    2.1、rabbitmq数据库的安装

    • 卸载老版本（略、、、）
    • 安装 
      yum install rabbitmq-server -y
    • 设置账号和权限 
      # 此处RABBIT_PASS 设置为ips
rabbitmqctl add_user openstack RABBIT_PASS
rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
    • 创建工作目录 
      mkdir -p /data/openstack/rabbitmq
chown rabbitmq:rabbitmq -R rabbitmq
    • 修改启动文件(/usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service) 
      Environment=RABBITMQ_LOG_BASE=/data/openstack/rabbitmq/log
WorkingDirectory=/data/openstack/rabbitmq/data
    • 启动 
      systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service
    • 为方便管理可以启用相关插件(属于rabbitmq相关，不详述) 
       rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management 
 systemctl restart rabbitmq-server
 登录(http://ip:15672/) 
 注意：用户必须拥有admin权限

    2.3、Memcached的安装

    • 卸载老版本（略、、、）
    • 安装 
      yum install memcached python-memcached -y
    • 修改配置文件（/etc/sysconfig/memcached ） 
      PORT="11211"
USER="memcached"
MAXCONN="1024"
CACHESIZE="64"
#主要增加controller
OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1,controller"
    • 启动 
      systemctl enable memcached.service
systemctl start memcached.service

    2.4、身份认证服务keytone(控制节点)

    • 创建存储 
      CREATE DATABASE keystone;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost'  IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%'  IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';

    • 安装相关包

      yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi -y

    • 配置keystone(编辑文件 /etc/keystone/keystone.conf)
      /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

       [database]
 ···
 connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:ips@controller/keystone

 [token]
 ...
 provider = uuid

    • 初始化身份认证服务的数据库和Fernet

        su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone
  keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
  keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

    • Bootstrap the Identity service:

        # 在Queens版本中只需要一个端口（5000），就用于所有接口，以前的版本中中5000用于普通接口，35357仅负责管理服务，该换此处ADMIN_PASS为ips
  keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password ADMIN_PASS \
    --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
    --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
    --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
    --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

    • 配置Apache HTTP 服务器（/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf）
      vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

       ServerName controller

      cp -f /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/

         #主要修改日志产生的路径
    Listen 5000
    Listen 35357

   <VirtualHost *:5000>
      WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-public processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}
      WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public
      WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public
      WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
      WSGIPassAuthorization On
      <IfVersion >= 2.4>
        ErrorLogFormat "%{cu}t %M"
      </IfVersion>
      ErrorLog /data/openstack/httpd/keystone-error.log
      CustomLog /data/openstack/httpd/keystone-access.log combined

      <Directory /usr/bin>
          <IfVersion >= 2.4>
              Require all granted
          </IfVersion>
          <IfVersion < 2.4>
              Order allow,deny
              Allow from all
          </IfVersion>
      </Directory>
  </VirtualHost>

  <VirtualHost *:35357>
      WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-admin processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}
      WSGIProcessGroup keystone-admin
      WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-admin
      WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
      WSGIPassAuthorization On
      <IfVersion >= 2.4>
        ErrorLogFormat "%{cu}t %M"
      </IfVersion>
      ErrorLog /data/openstack/httpd/keystone-error.log
      CustomLog /data/openstack/httpd/keystone-access.log combined

      <Directory /usr/bin>
          <IfVersion >= 2.4>
              Require all granted
          </IfVersion>
          <IfVersion < 2.4>
             Order allow,deny
              Allow from all
          </IfVersion>
      </Directory>
  </VirtualHost>

    • 创建admin-rc文件，并写入一下内容

      export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=ips
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:35357/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

    • 创建domain、project、user和role

       # 创建domain，默认情况下已有domain：default
  openstack domain create --description "An Example Domain" example
  openstack project create --domain default  --description "Service Project" service
 # 创建project
  openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" demo
 # 创建project，此时设置密码为ips
  openstack user create --domain default   --password-prompt demo
 # 创建role，此时需设置为ipsrole
  openstack role create user
 # 绑定user、role、project三者关系
  openstack role add --project demo --user demo user 
 #  验证
  unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD
  openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:35357/v3 \
--os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \
--os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue

    • 创建client 访问配置admin-rc已创建，下面创建demo

        export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
  export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
  export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo
  export OS_USERNAME=demo
  export OS_PASSWORD=ips
  export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
  export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
  export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
``

    • 本节QA
      QA１：Error: Package: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 (@base)

         rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

      QA2:Missing value auth-url required for auth plugin password

      source admin-rc

      QA3:Invalid command 'WSGIDaemonProcess', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

       # 安装说明中有，但是有时候为了处理httpd的问题，卸载httpd会同事卸载该组件，安装时需一并安装
 yum install apache2-mod_wsgi

      QA4:The request you have made requires authentication. (HTTP 401) (Request-ID: req-9a49935d-49a6-4673-ae3b-193d53eb0444)

       # 安装过程中难免有错误，当回头处理问题时，一种可能是修改过密码，另一种情况是是之前的执行尚未生效
     keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password ips \
--bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
--bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
--bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
--bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

    2.3、镜像服务glance(控制节点)

    • 创建存储 
      CREATE DATABASE glance;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
    • 创建openstack中的用户glance 
        # 创建user ，此时设置密码为ips
  openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance
  # 给glance赋予service权限和admin角色
  openstack role add --project service --user glance admin
  # 创建service和endpoints，用于镜像，
  openstack service create --name glance  --description "OpenStack Image" image
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://controller:9292
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://controller:9292
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://controller:9292
    • 安装相关软件包 
      yum install openstack-glance -y
    • 修改配置文件
      /etc/glance/glance-api.conf 
       [database]
 connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:ips@controller/glance

 [keystone_authtoken]
 auth_uri = http://controller:5000
 auth_url = http://controller:5000
 memcached_servers = controller:11211
 auth_type = password
 project_domain_name = Default
 user_domain_name = Default
 project_name = service
 username = glance
 password = ips

 [paste_deploy]
 flavor = keystone

# 镜像存储方式和位置
 [glance_store]
 stores = file,http
 default_store = file
 filesystem_store_datadir = /data/openstack/glance/images/
      /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf 
       [database]
 connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:ips@controller/glance
 [keystone_authtoken]
 auth_uri = http://controller:5000
 auth_url = http://controller:5000
 memcached_servers = controller:11211
 auth_type = password
 project_domain_name = Default
 user_domain_name = Default
 project_name = service
 username = glance
 password = ips

[paste_deploy]
 flavor = keystone
    • 创建工作目录 
       mkdir -p /data/openstack/glance/images/
 mkdir -p /data/openstack/glance/log/
 chown glance:glance -R /data/openstack/glance
    • 初始化glance数据库 
       su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance
    • 修改openstack-glance-api.service和openstack-glance-registry.service 统一存储日志，并启动 
       # 主要是重新指定日志的存储位置
 ExecStart=/usr/bin/glance-api --log-dir /data/openstack/glance/log/
 ExecStart=/usr/bin/glance-registry --log-dir /data/openstack/glance/log/
 #启动
 systemctl daemon-reload 
 systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service
 systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service
    • 验证 
       # 下载测试镜像
 wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.5/cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img
 # 导入镜像
  openstack image create "cirros" \
  --file cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img \
  --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \
  --public
 # 查看镜像
  openstack image list
# 拉取qcow2
  wget http://cloud.centos.org/centos/7/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud.qcow2
# 导入镜像
openstack image create "CentOS7" \
  --file CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud.qcow2 \
  --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \
  --public

    2.4、Compute 服务（nova）

    2.4.1、控制节点安装

    • 创建存储 
      CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
CREATE DATABASE nova;
CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
flush privileges;
    • 创建openstack中的用户nova 
        # 创建user ，此时设置密码为ips
  openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova
  # 给nova赋予service权限和admin角色
  openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
  # 创建service和endpoints，用于镜像，
  openstack service create --name nova  --description "OpenStack Compute" compute
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1
    • 创建openstack中的用户placement 
        # 创建user ，此时设置密码为ips
  openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement
  # 给placement赋予service权限和admin角色
  openstack role add --project service --user placement admin
  # 创建service和endpoints，用于镜像，
  openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://controller:8778
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://controller:8778
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://controller:8778
    • 在控制节点上安装相关软件包 
      yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor \
openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy \
openstack-nova-scheduler openstack-nova-placement-api  -y
    • 创建工作目录 
       mkdir -p /data/openstack/nova/
 chown nova:nova -R /data/openstack/nova
    • 修改配置文件（/etc/nova/nova.conf ） 
       [DEFAULT]
 # ...
 enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:ips@controller
 my_ip = 10.20.16.229
 use_neutron = True
 firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

 [api_database]
 # ...
 connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:ips@controller/nova_api

 [database]
 # ...
 connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:ips@controller/nova

 [api]
 # ...
 auth_strategy = keystone

 [keystone_authtoken]
 # ...
 auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
 memcached_servers = controller:11211
 auth_type = password
 project_domain_name = default
 user_domain_name = default
 project_name = service
 username = nova
 password = ips

 [vnc]
 enabled = true
 # ...
 server_listen = $my_ip
 server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

 [glance]
 # ...
 api_servers = http://controller:9292

 [oslo_concurrency]
 # ...
 lock_path = /data/openstack/nova/tmp

 [placement]
 # ...
 os_region_name = RegionOne
 project_domain_name = Default
 project_name = service
 auth_type = password
 user_domain_name = Default
 auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
 username = placement
 password = ips
    • 修改配置文件（/etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf）并重启httpd 
       #官方BUG,增加配置
 <Directory /usr/bin>
    <IfVersion >= 2.4>
       Require all granted
    </IfVersion>
    <IfVersion < 2.4>
       Order allow,deny
       Allow from all
    </IfVersion>
 </Directory>
 # 重启
 systemctl restart httpd
    • 初始化nova数据库,并验证 
       # 初始化
 su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
 su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova
 su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova
 su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
 # 验证
 nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells
    • 修改openstack-nova-*.service相关文件，主要统一存储日志，并启动 
        # 主要是重新指定日志的存储位置
  # openstack-nova-api.service
  ExecStart=/usr/bin/nova-api --log-dir /data/openstack/nova/log/
  # openstack-nova-consoleauth.service
  ExecStart=/usr/bin/nova-consoleauth --log-dir /data/openstack/nova/log/
  # openstack-nova-scheduler.service
  ExecStart=/usr/bin/nova-scheduler --log-dir /data/openstack/nova/log/
  # openstack-nova-conductor.service
  ExecStart=/usr/bin/nova-conductor  --log-dir /data/openstack/nova/log/
  # openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
  ExecStart=/usr/bin/nova-novncproxy --web /usr/share/novnc/ $OPTIONS --log-dir /data/openstack/nova/log/

 #启动
 systemctl daemon-reload 
 systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service \
  openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
  openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
    • 本节QA
      QA1:官方BUG:修改配置文件/etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf:

    2.4.2、计算节点安装

    • 在计算节点上安装相关软件包

      yum install openstack-nova-compute -y

    • 更改配置文件（ /etc/nova/nova.conf)

      [DEFAULT]
  # ...
 verbose = True
 #替换为计算节点上的管理网络接口的IP 地址，例如 :ref:example architecture <overview-example-architectures>`中所示的第一个节点 10.0.0.31 。
 my_ip = 10.20.16.228
 enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
 transport_url= rabbit://openstack:ips@controller
 use_neutron = True
 firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

[api]
# ...
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
# ...
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = ips

[vnc]
# ...
enabled = True
#服务器组件监听所有的 IP 地址
vncserver_listen = 0.0.0.0 
#代理组件仅仅监听计算节点管理网络接口的 IP 地址
vncserver_proxyclient_address = $my_ip 
#使用 web 浏览器访问位于该计算节点上实例的远程控制台的位置
novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html

[glance]
# ...
api_servers = http://controller:9292

 #配置锁路径
[oslo_concurrency]
# (可选的）为帮助排错，在 “[DEFAULT]”部分启用详细日志(verbose = True)。
lock_path = /data/openstack/nova/tmp
[placement]
# ...
os_region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = ips

    • 查看CPU核数，确认是否支持CPU加速

        egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
  #如果这个命令返回 >1的值，说明计算节点支持硬件加速。如果等于0 ，需要在/etc/nova/nova.conf中修改virt_type为QEMU，否则KVM。
  [libvirt]
  ...
  virt_type = qemu

    • 修改日志目录，启动计算服务

        # openstack-nova-compute.service
   ExecStart=/usr/bin/nova-compute --log-dir /data/openstack/nova/compute
  # 启动
   systemctl  daemon-reload
   systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
   systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

    • 将新的计算节点加入到库中（cell ）

        openstack compute service list --service nova-compute
  # 新增节点此处都要执行
  su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova
  #当然如果不想手动执行，可以在 /etc/nova/nova.conf配置定时扫描发现
  [scheduler]
  discover_hosts_in_cells_interval = 300

    • 本节QA

    2.5、网络服务neutron

    2.5.1、控制节点

    • 创建存储 
      CREATE DATABASE neutron;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
 flush privileges;
    • 创建openstack中的用户neutron 
        # 创建user ，此时设置密码为ips
  openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron
  # 给neutron赋予service权限和admin角色
  openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin
  # 创建service和endpoints，用于镜像，
  openstack service create --name neutron  --description "OpenStack Networking" network
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  network public http://controller:9696
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  network internal http://controller:9696
  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  network admin http://controller:9696
    • 安装软件包(Provider networks) 
       yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables -y
    • 修改配置
      /etc/neutron/neutron.conf 
       [DEFAULT]
 # ...
 core_plugin = ml2
 service_plugins =
 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:ips@controller
 auth_strategy = keystone
 notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
 notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true

 [keystone_authtoken]
 # ...
 auth_uri = http://controller:5000
 auth_url = http://controller:35357
 memcached_servers = controller:11211
 auth_type = password
 project_domain_name = default
 user_domain_name = default
 project_name = service
 username = neutron
 password = ips

 [nova]
 # ...
 auth_url = http://controller:35357
 auth_type = password
 project_domain_name = default
 user_domain_name = default
 region_name = RegionOne
 project_name = service
 username = nova
 password = ips

 [oslo_concurrency]
 # 预先创建好工作目录 
 # mkdir -p /data/openstack/neutron/lock
 # chown neutron:neutron -R /data/openstack/neutron
 lock_path = lock_path = /data/openstack/neutron/lock
      Modular Layer 2 (ML2) plug-in: /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini 
       [ml2]
 # ...
 type_drivers = flat,vlan
 tenant_network_types =
 mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge
 extension_drivers = port_security

 [ml2_type_flat]
 # ...
 flat_networks = provider

 [securitygroup]
 # ...
 enable_ipset = true

      Linux bridge agent: /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

       [linux_bridge]
 physical_interface_mappings = provider:PROVIDER_INTERFACE_NAME

 [vxlan]
 enable_vxlan = false

 [securitygroup]
 # ...
 enable_security_group = true
 firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
      iptables: /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf使之生效 sysctl -p 
         net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
   net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
      DHCP agent: /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini 
       [DEFAULT]
 # ...
 interface_driver = linuxbridge
 dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
 enable_isolated_metadata = true
      metadata agent : /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini 
       [DEFAULT]
 # ...
 nova_metadata_host = controller
 metadata_proxy_shared_secret = ips
      /etc/nova/nova.conf （不要改变以前的配置过的） 
       [neutron]
 url = http://controller:9696
 auth_url = http://controller:35357
 auth_type = password
 project_domain_name = default
 user_domain_name = default
 region_name = RegionOne
 project_name = service
 username = neutron
 password = ips
 service_metadata_proxy = true
 metadata_proxy_shared_secret = ips
    • 配置连接到指定文件 
        ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
    • 初始化数据库 
        su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \
--config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron
    • 由于刚才更改nova的配置文件，需重启 
         systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
    • 修改启动配置，并启动 
      # /usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-server.service
ExecStart=/usr/bin/neutron-server \ 
--config-file /usr/share/neutron/neutron-dist.conf  \ 
--config-dir /usr/share/neutron/server \ 
--config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \ 
--config-file /etc/neutron/plugin.ini \ 
--config-dir /etc/neutron/conf.d/common \
--config-dir /etc/neutron/conf.d/neutron-server \ 
--log-file /data/openstack/neutron/log/server.log

# /usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
ExecStart=/usr/bin/neutron-linuxbridge-agent \
--config-file /usr/share/neutron/neutron-dist.conf \ 
--config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \ 
--config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini \
--config-dir /etc/neutron/conf.d/common \
--config-dir /etc/neutron/conf.d/neutron-linuxbridge-agent \ 
--log-file /data/openstack/neutron/log/linuxbridge-agent.log

# /usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-dhcp-agent.service
ExecStart=/usr/bin/neutron-dhcp-agent \
--config-file /usr/share/neutron/neutron-dist.conf \
--config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf  \ 
--config-file /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini \
--config-dir /etc/neutron/conf.d/common \
--config-dir /etc/neutron/conf.d/neutron-dhcp-agent \ 
--log-file /data/openstack/neutron/log/dhcp-agent.log

# /usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-metadata-agent.service
ExecStart=/usr/bin/neutron-metadata-agent \
--config-file /usr/share/neutron/neutron-dist.conf \
--config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \
--config-file /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini \
--config-dir /etc/neutron/conf.d/common \
--config-dir /etc/neutron/conf.d/neutron-metadata-agent \
--log-file /data/openstack/neutron/log/metadata-agent.log

# 启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start neutron-server.service \
neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
neutron-metadata-agent.service

    2.5.2、计算节点

    • 安装计算节点上相关软件包 
        yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset -y
    • 更改配置文件
      /etc/neutron/neutron.conf 
      [DEFAULT]
...
#RabbitMQ消息队列访问
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:ips@controller

#配置认证服务访问
auth_strategy = keystone
verbose = True

[keystone_authtoken]
# ...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = ips

 #配置锁路径：
[oslo_concurrency]
   ...
#(可选的）为帮助排错，在 “[DEFAULT]”部分启用详细日志(verbose = True)。
lock_path = /data/openstack/neutron/tmp

#注释所有``connection`` 项,因为计算节点不直接访问数据库
[database]
      Linux bridge agent:/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini 
      [linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:eno1
[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false
[securitygroup]
# ...
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
      iptables: /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf使之生效 sysctl -p 
         net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
   net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
      /etc/nova/nova.conf 
       [neutron]
 url = http://controller:9696
 auth_url = http://controller:35357
 auth_type = password
 project_domain_name = default
 user_domain_name = default
 region_name = RegionOne
 project_name = service
 username = neutron
 password = ips
    • 由于修改了nova配置，重启计算服务 
        # systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service
    • 修改启动配置，启动Linux桥接代理并配置它开机自启动 
      # /usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service 其中目录提前创建
# mkdir -p /data/openstack/neutron/log
# chown neutron:neutron -R /data/openstack/neutron
ExecStart=/usr/bin/neutron-linuxbridge-agent \ 
--config-file /usr/share/neutron/neutron-dist.conf \ 
--config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \ 
--config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini \ 
--config-dir /etc/neutron/conf.d/common \ 
--config-dir /etc/neutron/conf.d/neutron-linuxbridge-agent \ 
--log-file /data/openstack/neutron/log/linuxbridge-agent.log
#  启动
systemctl  daemon-reload
systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
    • 验证 
       openstack extension list --network

    2.5创建实例

    • Flavor

    • 本节QA
      　 QA1:创建server时,在nova-conductor.log中，报如下错误：

      2018-05-15 11:45:10.816 5547 ERROR   oslo_messaging.rpc.server MessageDeliveryFailure: Unable to connect to AMQP   server on controller:5672 after None tries: (0, 0): (403) ACCESS_REFUSED - Login was refused using authentication mechanism AMQPLAIN. For details see the broker logfile.

      解决办法：https://blog.silversky.moe/works/openstack-lanuch-instance-infinite-scheduling

       su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
 如果仍有问题，到库中确认配置是否正确
 SELECT * FROM `nova_api`.`cell_mappings` WHERE `created_at` LIKE BINARY '%openstack%' OR `updated_at` LIKE BINARY '%openstack%' OR `id` LIKE BINARY '%openstack%' OR `uuid` LIKE BINARY '%openstack%' OR `name` LIKE BINARY '%openstack%' OR `transport_url` LIKE BINARY '%openstack%' OR `database_connection` LIKE BINARY '%openstack%' ;

      此外，即便配置正确在使用openstack4j 拿去token时也会包该问题

         su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova

      QA2:创建服务时，{u'message': u'No valid host was found. ', u'code': 500, u'created': u'2018-05-17T02:22:47Z'

         管理员给这个工程的资源配额是最多创建10个实例，最多使用20个vcpu，
   最多使用5G的内存，只要达到某一个资源的使用上限，就会出现异常，这就是配额管理。
    # 修改默认配置
   openstack quota set c5ba590cab874f55b1668bad5cd2a6a6 --instances 30 --cores 90 --ram 204800

      QA3:Build of instance 00b69820-ef36-447c-82ca-7bdec4c70ed2 was re-scheduled: invalid argument: could not find capabilities for domaintype=kvm

        # kvm 被 BIOS 禁用了
   dmesg | grep kvm
  重启进入设置即可

    2.6、dashboard安装

    • 安装软件包 
        yum install openstack-dashboard -y
    • 更改配置文件（/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings） 
        #配置控制节点，来使用 OpenStack 服务
  OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"
  #允许所有主机访问仪表板
  ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', ]
  #配置 memcached 会话存储服务
   CACHES = {
     'default': {
         'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
         'LOCATION': 'controller:11211',
      }
    }
  #为通过仪表盘创建的用户配置默认的 user 角色
   OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"
  #启用multi-domain model
  OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
  #配置服务API版本，这样你就可以通过Keystone V3 API来登录dashboard
  OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
      "identity": 3,
      "volume": 2,
      "image": 2
  }
 #如果您选择网络参数1，禁用支持3层网络服务
  OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
      ...
    'enable_router': False,
    'enable_quotas': False,
    'enable_distributed_router': False,
    'enable_ha_router': False,
    'enable_lb': False,
    'enable_firewall': False,
    'enable_vpn': False,
    'enable_fip_topology_check': False,
}
#可以选择性地配置时区
TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai"
    • 启动web 服务器和会话存储服务，并配置它们随系统启动 
       # systemctl enable httpd.service memcached.service
 # systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service

    2.6、块设备存储服务cinder （控制节点和计算节点）

    2.6.1、控制节点

    * 创建存储
  ```
    CREATE DATABASE cinder;
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'localhost'  IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%'   IDENTIFIED BY 'ips';
    flush privileges;
  ```
    • 创建openstack中的用户cinder 
         # 创建user ，此时设置密码为ips
   openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder；
   # 给cinder 赋予service权限和admin角色
   openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin;
   # 创建cinderv2 和 cinderv3 服务
   openstack service create --name cinderv2  --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2;
   openstack service create --name cinderv3  --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3；
  # 创建service和endpoints，用于镜像
   openstack service create --name cinderv2  --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2
   openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  volumev2 public http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
   openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 internal http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
   openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  volumev2 admin http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
   openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  volumev3 public http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
   openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 internal http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
   openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 admin http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
    • 安装cinder 
       yum install openstack-cinder -y
    • 修改配置文件 ：/etc/cinder/cinder.conf 
       [DEFAULT]
 # ...
 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:ips@controller
 auth_strategy = keystone

 [keystone_authtoken]
 # ...
 auth_uri = http://controller:5000
 auth_url = http://controller:35357
 memcached_servers = controller:11211
 auth_type = password
 project_domain_id = default
 user_domain_id = default
 project_name = service
 username = cinder
 password = ips

 [database]
 # ...
 connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:ips@controller/cinder

 # 目录预先创建
 # mkdir -p /data/openstack/cinder/tmp
 # chown cinder:cinder -R /data/openstack/cinder
 [oslo_concurrency]
 # ...
 lock_path = /data/openstack/cinder/tmp
    • 修改配置文件并重启 ：/etc/nova/nova.conf 
       [cinder]
 os_region_name = RegionOne
    • 重启nova 
        systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
    • 初始化数据结构 
         su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder
    • 修改启动配置：主要为了归档日志 
       # openstack-cinder-api.service
 ExecStart=/usr/bin/cinder-api --config-file /usr/share/cinder/cinder-dist.conf --  config-file /etc/cinder/cinder.conf --logfile /data/openstack/cinder/log/api.log
 # openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
  ExecStart=/usr/bin/cinder-scheduler --config-file /usr/share/cinder/cinder-dist.conf --config-file /etc/cinder/cinder.conf --logfile /data/openstack/cinder/log/scheduler.log
    • 启动cinder 
       systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service

    2.6.2、计算节点

    • 增加LVM支持,安装相关组件 
         yum install lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data  openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone -y
  # 启动
  # systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
  # systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service
    • 为块存储服务创建物理卷（cinder 会在这个卷组中创建逻辑卷） 
        # 提前准备好分区nvme0n1p4
  pvcreate /dev/nvme0n1p4
  vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/nvme0n1p4
    • 修改配置文件/etc/lvm/lvm.conf 
         devices {
   ...
   #此处配置一定要正确不然会导致cinder-volume的State为down
   filter =[ "a|^/dev/nvme0n1p4$|","r|.*/|" ]
    • 更改配置文件（/etc/cinder/cinder.conf） 
        [DEFAULT]
  # ...
  #RabbitMQ消息队列访问
  rpc_backend = rabbit://openstack:ips@controller
  #配置认证服务访问
  auth_strategy = keystone
  my_ip = 10.20.16.227
  # 启用 LVM 后端
  enabled_backends = lvm
  #配置锁路径
  lock_path = /data/openstack/cinder/tmp
  #启用详细日志
  verbose = True
  #配置镜像服务的位置
  glance_api_servers = http://controller:9292

  #配置数据库访问
  [database]
  ...
  connection = mysql://cinder:ips@controller/cinder #替换 CINDER_DBPASS

#配置认证服务访问,注释或者删除其他选项
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = CINDER_PASS #cinder用户选择的密码

#配置LVM后端以LVM驱动结束，卷组``cinder-volumes`` ，iSCSI 协议和正确的 iSCSI服务,在[DEFAULT]中启用
[lvm]
...
volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
volume_group = cinder-volumes
iscsi_protocol = iscsi
iscsi_helper = lioadm
    • 启动块存储卷服务及其依赖的服务，并将其配置为随系统启动 
        # systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
  # systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service

    CentOS 镜像

    • 设置固定root密码 
        virt-customize -a CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud.qcow2 --root-password password:root123
    • 设置其他用户密码 
       [root@host229 openstack]# guestfish --rw -a CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud.qcow2
 ><fs> run 
 ><fs> list-filesystems
 /dev/sda1: xfs
 ><fs> mount /dev/sda1 /
 ><fs> vi /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg
      解除root锁定：/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg 
      disable_root: 0
ssh_pwauth:   1
······
system_info:
  default_user:
    name: centos
    lock_passwd: false
    plain_text_passwd: 'root@ips'
      增加ssh 登陆支持：/etc/ssh/sshd_config 
      Port 22
#AddressFamily any
ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
#ListenAddress ::
PermitRootLogin yes
PasswordAuthentication yes
    • 导入镜像 
       openstack image create "Centos-7" --file CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud.qcow2 --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare  --public

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