Werewolf 1
狼人1
Most people have heard of the mythological（神话的） werewolf, but where did this tradition come from and why is it so universal（普遍的）?
绝大部分人都听说过传说中的狼人，但这一传说来自哪里，为什么那么广为流传呢？
The word "werewolf" is Old English in origin.
“狼人”这一词起源于古英语。
It is a combination of the old English words for person and wolf, meaning the werewolf is literally（字面的） a wolf person.
这是古英语中“人”和“狼”的合并，字面意思就是狼人。
The term is also connected to the Norse word "Varg", which translates as "outlaw".
这一用语也和挪威语“varg”有关联，翻译过来就是“亡命之徒”。
This is appropriate（恰当的） since the character of the werewolf is thought to be an out-of-control villain（恶棍） who commits violent acts.
这是恰当的，因为狼人的性格就被认为是一个失控的、犯了暴力行为的恶棍。
Stories of humans turning into animals are common throughout history and can be found in almost every part of the world.
在历史上，人类变身为动物的故事非常普遍，几乎可以在世界的每个部分被找到。
There are myths about humans turning into bears, lions, and even dragons,
有很多关于人类变为熊、狮子甚至龙的神话，
but it was in Eastern Europe where the legends of men turning into wolves were most prominent（出名的）.
但在东欧，最出名的是人类变身为狼人的传说。
For several hundred years, belief in werewolves was very common.
几百年间，很多人坚信狼人的存在，这很普遍。
From the 1300s through the 1500s, even into the 1700s, it was commonly believed that creatures such as werewolves not only could exist but did exist.
从14世纪到16世纪，甚至到了18世纪，大家普遍相信类似狼人的生物不仅仅可能会存在而且确实存在。
So how does one become a werewolf?
所以一个人怎么样会成为狼人呢？
In modern fiction, being bitten by a werewolf is the surest way to become a werewolf.
在现代想象中，被狼人咬了以后就一定会成为狼人。
However, this idea did not become popular until the 20th century.
可是，这一观点直到20世纪才变得流行。
In stories from earlier times, all one had to do was wear a belt made out of wolf skin.
在早期的故事中，人类要做的只是佩戴一条由狼皮制作的腰带。
Other legends claimed that drinking rainwater from a wolf's paw print caused the transformation.
其他传说声称，喝了狼爪印下的雨水，就会引起变身。
In Italy, it was believed that if someone slept outside on a Wednesday or a Friday and there was a full moon, that person would become a werewolf.
在意大利，人们认为如果有人在星期三或者星期五睡在外面，外面有一轮满月，那人就会成为狼人。
This led to the notion（概念） that a full moon causes a werewolf to transform.
这带来一个概念就是满月会让狼人变身。
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