参考 https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/Installing+Jenkins+on+Ubuntu#app-switcher

安装

wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian/jenkins-ci.org.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo sh -c 'echo deb http://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jenkins

升级

//Once installed like this, you can update to the later version of Jenkins (when it comes out) by running the following commands:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jenkins

安装包做了如下事情

• Jenkins will be launched as a daemon up on start. See /etc/init.d/jenkins for more details.

• The 'jenkins' user is created to run this service.
  Log file will be placed in /var/log/jenkins/jenkins.log. Check this file if you are troubleshooting Jenkins.
• /etc/default/jenkins will capture configuration parameters for the launch like e.g JENKINS_HOME
• By default, Jenkins listen on port 8080. Access this port with your browser to start configuration.

If your /etc/init.d/jenkins file fails to start jenkins, edit the /etc/default/jenkins to replace the line
HTTP_PORT=8080byHTTP_PORT=8081
Here, 8081 was chosen but you can put another port available.

完成之后，打开ip:8081即可看到jenkins

jenkins
第一次打开会要求输入密码
可用cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword查看并复制密码
选择安装插件
一般选择推荐即可。
开启jenkins之旅吧。

遇到的问题总结：

1. 按照windows的配置方式配置好之后，想把代码拉取到自定义的workspace目录下，在windows上正常运行，但是在ubuntu上报错了，
   

   自定义workspace
   后来分析原因是安装时jenkins用的是自己新建的用户叫jenkins，jenkins没有足够权限，不能创建文件夹导致，后取消自定义工作空间，后正常构建。jenkins默认工作目录/var/lib/jenkins/workspace/

2. 构建node应用程序时需要用到npm命令npm install，但是会碰到
   npm WARN checkPermissions Missing write access to /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/meeting/node_modules的权限错误问题，这是需要提升权限，顾用sudo npm install，但是此时还会出现# [sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified”的错误，由于帐号并没有开启免密码导致的 ,解决办法就是切换到root用户并添加jenkins的权限vim /etc/sudoers添加免密码jenkins ALL = NOPASSWD: ALL，也可以将jenkins用户添加可以用sudo执行命令
   

   jenkins权限及免密
   构建

3. jenkins权限问题终极解决方案
   在Ubuntu下，当执行apt-get install方式安装Jenkins的时候，会自动创建jenkins用户，这是一个没有用户目录的账号。
   用root运行jenkins

   
   更换jenkins name

修改/etc/default/jenkins文件，

jenkins group name

将jenkins账号分别加入到root组中
gpasswd -a root jenkins
把jenkins用户加入sudo用户组
adduser jenkins sudo
设置密码（也可以选择在visudo设置NOPASSWD让用户请求sudo权限时不需要输入密码）
passwd jenkins
然后重启服务
service jenkins restart

• 将jenkins 8080端口映射到80端口 参考jenkins官网
  在/etc/nginx/sites-available/ 下新建名为jenkins文件,将以下内容拷贝进去

server {
    # listen 80;
    server_name jenkins.example.com;
    location / {
      proxy_set_header        Host $host:$server_port;
      proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
      proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
 
      # Fix the "It appears that your reverse proxy set up is broken" error.
      proxy_pass          http://127.0.0.1:8080;
      proxy_read_timeout  90;
 
      proxy_redirect      http://127.0.0.1:8080 https://jenkins.example.com;
  
      # Required for new HTTP-based CLI
      proxy_http_version 1.1;
      proxy_request_buffering off;
      # workaround for https://issues.jenkins-ci.org/browse/JENKINS-45651
      add_header 'X-SSH-Endpoint' 'jenkins.domain.tld:50022' always;
    }
  }

然后输入一下命令,在sites-enabled文件夹下建立jenkins文件的链接

ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/jenkins /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

最后再重启nginx即可

service nginx restart
nginx -s reload
//如果是用supervisor管理的nginx进程可以重新加载
supervisorctl restart nginx

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