ubuntu更换阿里源

以下提供设置阿里源的方法，其他源也可以如法炮制：

1. 首先查看自己的ubuntu系统的codename，这一步很重要，直接导致你更新的源是否对你的系统起效果，查看方法：在终端输入命令，lsb_release -a
   如，我的系统显示：

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 17.10
Release:    17.10
Codename:   artful

显示了一些ubuntu的版本信息，需要得到的是Codename，比如，我这里是artful

2.确认阿里源支持：
登陆以下网页：http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/
该网页显示了阿里云支持的ubuntu系统下各个Codename版本，确保自己的Codename在该网页中存在（一般都会有的）
3.备份系统源：切换路径cd /etc/apt 复制原文件备份 sudo mv sources.list sources.list_bak
4.添加新的源文件：sudo vi sources.list
并添加以下内容：注意，每一行的artful应该用第一步查看得到的Codename来代替

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ artful main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ artful-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ artful-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ artful-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ artful-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ artful main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ artful-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ artful-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ artful-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ artful-updates main multiverse restricted universe

5.保存并且sudo apt-get update，更新成功

6.如果嫌弃上面步骤繁琐的话，可以直接执行以下提供配置脚本：

Codename=$( (lsb_release -a)|awk '{print $2}'|tail -n 1 )
echo "\
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main multiverse restricted universe ">sources.list
apt-get update

sudo运行该脚本即可（注意运行之前最好备份之前的sources.list）

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/lyon2014/p/4715379.html