Merriam-Webster's Vocabulary Builder 词根笔记（1） BENE
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BENE is Latin for"well." A benefit is a good result or effect. Something beneficial produces good results or effects.
BENE在拉丁文中代表“well”。Benefit代表好的结果或效益。
1.benediction /ˌbenəˈdɪkʃən, ˌbenɪˈdɪkʃən/
A prayer that asks for God's blessing, especially a prayer that concludes a worship service.（基督教的）祝福，赐福祈祷
The moment the bishop（主教） had finished his benediction, she squeezed quickly out of her row（从她的那一排挤了出去） and darted out（冲出）the cathedral's side entrance（大教堂侧门）.
In benediction, the bene root is joined by another Latin root, dictio,"speaking", so the word's meaning becomes something like "well-wishing." Perhaps the best-known benediction is the so-called Aaronic Benediction（亚伦祝福） from the Bible, which begins, "May the Lord bless you and keep you." An important section of the Catholic Mass（天主教弥撒） was traditionally known as the Benedictus（短赞美诗）, after its first word (meaning"blessed"). It was St Benedict（圣贝尼迪克特）who organized the first Christian monasteries（修道院）; many Christians have been baptized（洗礼） Benedict in his honor, and 16 popes（教皇） have taken it as their papal（教皇的） name.
2.benefactor/ˈbenəˌfæktə, ˈbenɪˌfæktə $ -ər/
Someone who helps another person or group, especially by giving money.捐助者；赞助人；施主
An anonymous（匿名的） benefactor had given $15 million to establish an ecological institute at the university.
A benefactor may be involved in almost any field. One may endow（资助） a scholarship fund; another may give money to expand a library; still another may leave a generous sum to a hospital in her will. The famous benefactions of John D. Rockefeller included the gifts that established the University of Chicago, the Rockefeller Foundation, and Rockefeller University. Many benefactors have reported that giving away their money turned out to be the most rewarding thing they ever did.
3.beneficiary/ˌbenəˈfɪʃəri, ˌbenɪˈfɪʃəri $ -ˈfɪʃieri/
A person or organization that benefits or is expected to benefit from something, especially one that receives money or property when someone dies.受益人；受惠者；（遗嘱的）受益人
Living in a trailer（拖车） in near-poverty（接近赤贫）, she received word in the mail that her father had died, naming her as the sole（唯一的） beneficiary of his life-insurance（人寿保险） policy.
Beneficiary is often used in connection with life insurance（这个词经常与保险联系在一起）, but it shows up in many other contexts as well. A college may be the beneficiary of a private donation. Your uncle's will may make a church his sole beneficiary, in which case all his money and property will go to it when he dies. A "third-party beneficiary" of a contract is a person(often a child) who the people signing the contract (which is usually an insurance policy or an employee-benefit plan) want to benefit from it. In a more general way, a small business may be a beneficiary of changes to the tax code, or a restaurant may be the beneficiary when the one across the street closes down and its whole lunch crowd starts coming in.
4.benevolence/bəˈnɛvələns/
Kindness, generosity.（当权者的）仁慈，慈爱，乐善好施
In those financially desperate（财政危机） years, the young couple was saved only by the benevolence of her elderly great-uncle.
Part of benevolence comes from the Latin root meaning "wish." The novels of Charles Dickens often include a benevolent figure who rescues the main characters at somepoint—Mr. Brownlow in Oliver Twist, Abel Magwitch in David Copperfield, Mr. Jarndyce in Bleak House, Ebenezer scrooge in A Christmas carol. To be benevolent, it helps to have money, but it's not necessary, kind assistance of a non-financial sort may turn out to be lifesaving benevolence as well.
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