定时任务

作者: George_Antonio | 来源:发表于2018-05-25 10:12 被阅读0次

    Spring + Quartz定时任务

    第一种方法, 执行任务的类继承QuartzJobBean,Spring4.1.0版本后需要quartz2.X版本, Spring4.1.0之前需要quartz1.X版本。Spring4.1.0版本后+quartz2.X举例:
    1. 执行任务的类:
    import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
    import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    public class MySchedule extends QuartzJobBean {
    
        private int timeout;
        private static int INDEX = 0;
    
        @Override
        protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
            System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) + "第" + (++INDEX) + "次执行MySchedule的定时任务");
        }
    
        public int getTimeout() {return timeout;}
    
        public void setTimeout(int timeout) {this.timeout = timeout;}
    }
    
    1. applicationContext.xml配置文件
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans 
        xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
        
        <!-- 配置JobDetail -->
        <bean name="myScheduleJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean">
            <property name="jobClass" value="com.quartz.myschedule.MySchedule" />
            <property name="jobDataAsMap">  
                <map>  
                    <entry key="timeout" value="5" />  
                </map>  
            </property> 
        </bean>
        <!-- 配置触发器 -->
        <!-- SimpleTriggerFactoryBean,每隔多长时间执行一次 -->
         <bean id="myScheduleJobTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean">
            <property name="jobDetail" ref="myScheduleJobDetail" />
            <!-- 延迟触发时间,延迟5秒进行触发 -->  
            <property name="startDelay" value="5000" />
            <!-- 重复触发的时间间隔,5秒 -->  
            <property name="repeatInterval" value="5000" />
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 配置ScheduleFactoryBean -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">  
            <property name="triggers">  
                <list>  
                    <ref bean="myScheduleJobTrigger" />
                </list>  
            </property>  
        </bean> 
    </beans>
    

    注意1:配置触发器的时候,有两种方式。一种是每隔多长时间执行一次(SimpleTriggerFactoryBean)。一种是指定时间执行(CronTriggerFactoryBean)。当然,第二种也可以通过配置表达式实现每隔多长时间执行一次。如果需要第二种, 只需将上面applicationContext.xml中配置触发器的代码使用以下代码替换即可

    <bean id="myScheduleJobTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">  
            <property name="jobDetail" ref="myScheduleJobDetail" />  
            <!-- 每10秒运行一次 --> 
            <property name="cronExpression" value="0/10 * * * * ?" />  
        </bean> 
    

    注意2:如果是低版本的spring和quartz, 将JobDetailFactoryBean改为JobDetailBean。

    3.web.xml中配置spring的监听

    <!-- 配置Spring核心监听器 -->
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
    
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
    
    1. 启动tomcat, 执行定时任务。
    1. 可能出现错误:

    如果使用高版本spring和低版本quartz:报错。原因是 JobDetailFactoryBean的创建需要JobDetailImpl, 而低版本quartz1.X包下没有该实现类。

    org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name       'exampleJobDetail' defined in class path resource [applicationContext.xml]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/quartz/impl/JobDetailImpl
    

    如果使用低版本的spring和高版本的quartz:报错。原因是需要创建的JobDetailBean继承了JobDetail, 而JobDetail是一个接口。

    org.springframework.beans.factory.CannotLoadBeanClassException: Error loading class [org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean] for bean with name 'exampleJobDetail' defined in class path resource [applicationContext.xml]: problem with class file or dependent class; nested exception is java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean has interface org.quartz.JobDetail as super class
    
    第二种方法,执行任务的类不用继承其他超级类。这种方式可以实现低版本的spring(4.1.0)以前版本和高版本quartz(2.X)的结合使用。 如果公司使用spring4.1.0以前版本,又不想使用quartz1.X版本, 可以通过这种方式。但是使用较高版本spring(4.1.0以后)和低版本quartz结合, 报错。
    1. 执行任务的类
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    public class MySchedule {
    
        private static int INDEX = 0;
    
        protected void myScheduleTask() {
            
            System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) + "第" + (++INDEX) + "次执行MySchedule的定时任务");
       
        }
    }
    
    1. applicationContext.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans 
        xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
        
        <bean id="mySchedule" class="com.quartz.myschedule.MySchedule"></bean> 
        
        <!-- JobDetail任务调度 -->
        <bean id="myScheduleDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">  
            <!-- 指定任务类 -->  
            <property name="targetObject" ref="mySchedule" />  
            <!-- 指定任务执行的方法 -->  
            <property name="targetMethod" value="myScheduleTask" />  
            
        </bean> 
        
        <!-- 触发器 -->
        <bean id="myScheduleTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">  
            <property name="jobDetail" ref="myScheduleDetail" />  
            <!-- 每10秒运行一次 -->  
            <property name="cronExpression" value="0/3 * * * * ?" />  
        </bean>
        
        <!-- schedule工厂 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">  
            <property name="triggers">  
                <list>  
                    <ref bean="myScheduleTrigger" />  
                </list>  
            </property>  
        </bean> 
    </beans>
    
    1. web.xml
    <!-- 配置Spring核心监听器 -->
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
    
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
    
    1. 启动tomcat, 执行定时任务

    Spring的定时任务

    通过xml配置
    1. 执行任务的类
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    public class MySchedule {
    
        private static int INDEX = 0;
    
        public void myScheduleTask() {
            
            System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) + "第" + (++INDEX) + "次执行MySchedule的定时任务");
       
        }
    
    1. applicationContext.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.2.xsd">
    
        <bean id="mySchedule" class="com.spring.task.MySchedule"></bean>
        <task:scheduled-tasks scheduler="scheduler">    
             <task:scheduled ref="mySchedule" method="myScheduleTask" cron="0/1 * * * * ?" />    
        </task:scheduled-tasks> 
        
        <task:scheduler id="scheduler" pool-size="10"/>
    </beans>
    
    1. 启动tomcat
    第二种方式,通过注解
    1. 执行任务的类
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component
    public class MySchedule {
    
        private static int INDEX = 0;
    
        @Scheduled(cron="0/1 * * * * ?")
        public void myScheduleTask() {
            
            System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) + "第" + (++INDEX) + "次执行MySchedule的定时任务");
       
        }
    }
    
    1. applicationContext.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.2.xsd">
    
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.task"/>
        <task:annotation-driven scheduler="scheduler" mode="proxy"/>    
        <task:scheduler id="scheduler" pool-size="10"/>
    
    
    </beans>
    
    1. 启动tomcat测试。

    jar包及详细源码:https://github.com/xueshimeng/schedule

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