Struts1 增删改查

作者: 被称为L的男人 | 来源:发表于2016-06-18 10:58 被阅读468次

文章说明

本篇文章介绍如何使用Struts1进行增删改查，仅是对自己学习的记录，并没有深入分析每个模块（不重复造轮子O(∩_∩)O~）。

Tomcat

开源的Web应用服务器，apache-tomcat-8.0.35-windows-x64.zip仅有10.3M。启动服务：bin-startup.bat。

1.png-28.7kB

数据库

MySQL

建立数据库test，并在其中建立表users。

CREATE DATABASE test
USE test

CREATE TABLE users (
  id int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  name varchar(10) NOT NULL,
  sex varchar(2) NOT NULL,
  phone varchar(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  address varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=42 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

查看表users

DESC users

2.png-17.1kB

数据库管理工具-Navicat

3.png-37.5kB

JDBC

1.png-28.5kB

Struts 1

采用Java Servlet/JSP，实现了基于Java Web应用的MVC框架，是MVC的经典产品。

MVC

5.png-24.9kB

模型（Model）：DB
视图（View）：JSP
控制器（Controller）：ActionServlet

Struts框架

7.png-25.9kB

struts-config.xml：声明和映射Struts组件。

安装 Struts 1

将lib目录下，所有的jar包复制到工程目录WEB-INF的lib目录中。

4.png-76.9kB

配置 Struts 1

在web.xml DD配置文件中，加入

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

增

add.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<script type="text/javascript">
    function validate(form) {

        if (validatePhone(form)) {
            form.submit();
        }
    }

    function validatePhone(form) {

        var regex = /^\d{7,11}$/;

        if (!regex.test(form["phone"].value)) {
            alert("输入的phone非法！");
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }
</script>

<title>增加用户界面</title>
</head>

<body>
    <form action="add.do?action=submit" method="post">
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>name:</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="name"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>sex:</td>
                <td><select name="sex">
                        <option value="1">男</option>
                        <option value="2">女</option>
                </select></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>phone:</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="phone"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>address:</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="address"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><input type="button" value="add"
                    onclick="validate(this.form);"></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>

</body>
</html>

8.png-2kB

AddAction.java

package action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import model.DBHelperL;

public class AddAction extends Action {

    @Override
    public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        String sex = request.getParameter("sex");
        String phone = request.getParameter("phone");
        String address = request.getParameter("address");
        String action = request.getParameter("action");

        if ("submit".equals(action)) {
            if (name == null || name.length() <= 0) {

            } else {
                // 数据库增加操作
                DBHelperL db = new DBHelperL();
                db.add(name, sex, phone, address);
                db.close();
                // 重定向，防止刷新时重复提交表单！
                response.sendRedirect("show.do");
            }
        }

        return mapping.getInputForward();
    }
}

DB add

    public void add(String name, String sex, String phone, String address) throws SQLException {

        String sql = "INSERT INTO users (name, sex, phone, address) VALUES(?,?,?,?)";

        if (pstm == null) {
            pstm = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        }

        pstm.setString(1, name);
        pstm.setString(2, sex);
        pstm.setString(3, phone);
        pstm.setString(4, address);

        pstm.execute();
    }

struts-config.xml DD配置

在<action-mappings>中，添加action。

    <action path="/add" type="action.AddAction" input="/pages/add.jsp">
        <forward name="success" path="/show.do"></forward>
    </action>

查

show.jsp

<body>
    <%
        DBHelperL db = new DBHelperL();
        List<List<String>> lists = db.queryAll();
        db.close();

        request.setAttribute("lists", lists);
    %>

    <form action="show.do" method="post">
        <table align="center">
            <caption>users表的所有数据</caption>
            <tr>
                <th>count</th>
                <th>id</th>
                <th>name</th>
                <th>sex</th>
                <th>phone</th>
                <th>address</th>
                <th>delete</th>
                <th>update</th>
            </tr>
            <c:forEach var="list" items="${lists}" varStatus="status">
                <tr>
                    <td>${status.count}</td>
                    <td>${list.get(0)}</td>
                    <td>${list.get(1)}</td>
                    <td>${list.get(2)}</td>
                    <td>${list.get(3)}</td>
                    <td>${list.get(4)}</td>
                    <td><a href="show.do?deleteID=${list.get(0)}">删除</a></td>
                    <td><a href="update.do?updateID=${list.get(0)}">修改</a></td>
                </tr>
            </c:forEach>
        </table>
    </form>

    <br>
    <a href="add.do">增加用户</a>

</body>

9.png-4.3kB

DB queryByID

    public List<String> queryByID(String ID) throws SQLException {

        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();

        String sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?";

        pstm = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        pstm.setString(1, ID);
        ResultSet rs = pstm.executeQuery();

        while (rs.next()) {
            // 将结果顺序存放到一个list中，作为结果返回
            list.add(rs.getString(2));
            list.add(rs.getString(3));
            list.add(rs.getString(4));
            list.add(rs.getString(5));
        }
        return list;
    }

struts-config.xml DD配置

    <action path="/show" type="action.DeleteAction" input="/pages/show.jsp"
        forward="/pages/show.jsp"></action>

删

DeleteAction.java

package action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import model.DBHelperL;

public class DeleteAction extends Action {
    @Override
    public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        
        String ID = request.getParameter("deleteID");
        
        DBHelperL db = new DBHelperL();
        db.deleteByID(ID);
        db.close();
        
        return mapping.getInputForward();
    }
}

DB deleteByID

    public boolean deleteByID(String ID) throws SQLException {

        String sql = "DELETE FROM users WHERE id = ?";

        pstm = conn.prepareStatement(sql);

        pstm.setString(1, ID);

        return pstm.execute();
    }

改

name和sex不能修改，根据ID更新数据。

update.jsp

    <form
        action="update.do?action=submit&updateID=<%=request.getAttribute("updateID")%>"
        method="post">
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>name:</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="name"
                    value=<%=request.getAttribute("name")%> readonly="readonly"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>sex:</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="sex"
                    value=<%=request.getAttribute("sex")%> readonly="readonly"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>phone:</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="phone_new"
                    value=<%=request.getAttribute("phone_old")%>></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>address:</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="address_new"
                    value=<%=request.getAttribute("address_old")%>></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><input type="submit" value="update"></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>

UpdateAction.java

package action;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import model.DBHelperL;

public class UpdateAction extends Action {
    @Override
    public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

        String ID = request.getParameter("updateID");
        String action = request.getParameter("action");

        DBHelperL db = new DBHelperL();

        List<String> list = db.queryByID(ID);
        if (!list.isEmpty()) {
            request.setAttribute("updateID", ID);
            request.setAttribute("name", list.get(0));
            request.setAttribute("sex", list.get(1));
            request.setAttribute("phone_old", list.get(2));
            request.setAttribute("address_old", list.get(3));
        }

        if ("submit".equals(action)) {
            if (ID != null && ID.length() > 0) {
                String phone_new = request.getParameter("phone_new");
                String address_new = request.getParameter("address_new");
                db.updateByID(ID, phone_new, address_new);
                db.close();
                response.sendRedirect("show.do");
            }
        }

        db.close();

        return mapping.getInputForward();
    }
}

struts-config.xml

    <action path="/update" type="action.UpdateAction" input="/pages/update.jsp">
        <forward name="success" path="/show.do"></forward>
    </action>

10.png-2.8kB

中文乱码

Filter

package filters;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class SetCharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {

    String encoding = null;

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

        encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");

        if (encoding == null || encoding.length() <= 0) {
            encoding = "UTF-8";
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
            throws IOException, ServletException {

        request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }

}

web.xml DD中配置

    <filter>
        <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

其它问题

防止刷新-重复提交表单

response.sendRedirect("show.do");

表单验证-JavaScript

用button替代submit，在JavaScript中满足条件时，调用form.submit()。

<input type="button" value="add" onclick="validate(this.form);">

JavaScript代码：

<script type="text/javascript">
    function validate(form) {

        if (validatePhone(form)) {
            form.submit();
        }
    }

    function validatePhone(form) {

        var regex = /^\d{7,11}$/;

        if (!regex.test(form["phone"].value)) {
            alert("输入的phone非法！");
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }
</script>

首页跳转到.do

在默认的jsp文件中，转发到指定的URL。

<jsp:forward page="show.do"></jsp:forward>

DEMO 下载链接

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i5rX6fz

Struts1 增删改查

文章说明

Tomcat

数据库

MySQL

JDBC

Struts 1

MVC

Struts框架

安装 Struts 1

配置 Struts 1

增

add.jsp

AddAction.java

DB add

struts-config.xml DD配置

查

show.jsp

DB queryByID

struts-config.xml DD配置

删

DeleteAction.java

DB deleteByID

改

update.jsp

UpdateAction.java

struts-config.xml

中文乱码

Filter

web.xml DD中配置

其它问题

防止刷新-重复提交表单

表单验证-JavaScript

首页跳转到.do

DEMO 下载链接

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