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Android NDK秘籍--编译静态库、调用静态库

Android NDK秘籍--编译静态库、调用静态库

作者: OceanII | 来源:发表于2019-04-21 16:36 被阅读0次

    此篇文章的目的:

    将C/C++的源码直接编译成静态库,只能提供给底层调用。

    注:比较适用于将第三方开源库编译成静态库,也可以将自己写的源码编译成静态库,给自己或其他人的底层调用。

    本文目录:

    1.开发环境配置

    2.编译静态库方法

    3.调用静态库方法

    4.示例

    1.开发环境配置

    环境配置:

    开发工具:Android Studio 3.0.1

    Android SDK Tools:额外勾选CMake、LLDB、NDK三个选项

    JDK版本:JDK 1.8

    NDK版本:18.1.5063045

    编译方式:CMake

    第三方C/C++开源库:cJSON

    新建Android项目配置:

    Include C++ Support:进行配置NDK环境,勾选。主要是自动创建cpp目录和CMakeLists.txt,并自动在gradle中进行了ndk配置

    C++ Standard:选择使用哪种C++标准,选择Toolchain Default。会使用默认的CMake设置。

    Exceptions Support:启用对C++异常处理的支持,勾选。

    Runtime Type Information Support:启用对运行时类型信息的支持,勾选。

    2.编译静态库方法

    详见Demo1

    (1)先按照上述Android项目配置新建工程。

    (2)以cJSON开源库为例,github上下载最新版本的cJSON源码,放入到项目的cpp目录下:

    EF3KpR.jpg

    (3)配置CMakeLists.txt文件:

    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
    
    #打印LOG
    message(STATUS "Cmake build type is: "${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE})
    message(STATUS "Cmake build android abi is: "${ANDROID_ABI})
    
    #设置静态库和动态库的输出路径
    set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/output/libs/${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}/${ANDROID_ABI})
    set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/output/libs/${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}/${ANDROID_ABI})
    
    #设置变量
    set(LOCAL_PATH ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/main/cpp)
    
    #引入头文件
    include_directories(
            ${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/source/cjson/
            )
    
    #增加静态库
    add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
                 cjson
    
                 # Sets the library as a shared library.
                 STATIC
    
                 # Provides a relative path to your source file(s).
                 ${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/source/cjson/cJSON.c
                 ${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/source/cjson/cJSON_Utils.c
                 )
    
    add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
                 native-lib
    
                 # Sets the library as a shared library.
                 SHARED
    
                 # Provides a relative path to your source file(s).
                 src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp )
    
    find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.
                  log-lib
    
                  # Specifies the name of the NDK library that
                  # you want CMake to locate.
                  log )
    
    target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
                           native-lib
                           cjson  #链接该静态库进行测试, 如果不测试, 则不需要链接
    
                           # Links the target library to the log library
                           # included in the NDK.
                           ${log-lib} )
    

    (4)配置build.gradle文件,主要是配置编译哪种CPU类型的库,使用abiFilters,有些复杂的C/C++源码在编译不同CPU类型的库时,还需要一些其他的配置,使用arguments,具体配置根据需求进行更改,配置如下:

    android {
        ...
        defaultConfig {
            ...
            externalNativeBuild {
                cmake {
                    //arguments "-DANDROID_ARM_NEON=TRUE", "-DANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=clang"  
                    //不写此行则默认使用CMake配置的变量列表
                    cppFlags "-frtti -fexceptions"
                    //abiFilters /*"armeabi",*/ "armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a", "x86", "x86_64"                 //不写此行则默认编译后面4个CPU类型的库
                }
            }
        }
        ...
        externalNativeBuild {
            cmake {
                path "CMakeLists.txt"
            }
        }
    }
    

    (5)在命令行使用gradlew assemble命令进行编译,静态库会输出在设置的文件夹中。

    3.调用静态库方法

    详见Demo2

    (1)先按照上述Android项目配置新建工程。

    (2)以cJSON开源库为例,将编译好的静态库放入到项目的cpp目录下:

    EF3a9A.jpg

    (3)引入头文件,并使用C++类重新进行了封装:

    #ifndef __Cjson_Utils_H__
    #define __Cjson_Utils_H__
    
    //此处导入C++的头文件
    //#include "CObjectUtils.h"
    
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    extern "C" {
    #endif
    
    //此处导入C的头文件
    #include "cJSON.h"
    #include "cJSON_Utils.h"
    
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    };
    #endif
    
    class CCjsonUtils{
    public:
        CCjsonUtils();
        virtual ~CCjsonUtils();
    
        static const char* getCjsonVersion();
    };
    
    #endif
    

    (4)配置CMakeLists.txt文件:

    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
    
    #打印LOG
    message(STATUS "Cmake build type is: "${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE})
    message(STATUS "Cmake build android abi is: "${ANDROID_ABI})
    
    #设置变量
    set(LOCAL_PATH ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/main/cpp)
    
    #引入头文件
    include_directories(
            ${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/include/cjson/
            ${LOCAL_PATH}/cjsonutils/
            )
    
    #导入静态库
    add_library(cjson STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(cjson    PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION    ${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/${ANDROID_ABI}/libcjson.a )
    
    add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
                 native-lib
    
                 # Sets the library as a shared library.
                 SHARED
    
                 # Provides a relative path to your source file(s).
                 src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp
                 ${LOCAL_PATH}/cjsonutils/CCjsonUtils.cpp  #创建的C++工具类, 用于对C源码进行封装, 便于简化接口
                 )
    
    find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.
                  log-lib
    
                  # Specifies the name of the NDK library that
                  # you want CMake to locate.
                  log )
    
    target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
                           native-lib
                           cjson  #链接静态库
    
                           # Links the target library to the log library
                           # included in the NDK.
                           ${log-lib} )
    

    (5)配置build.gradle,使用默认的即可,然后就可以正常调用了。

    4.示例

    Demo1地址:AndroidNdkCompileStaticLibrary

    Demo2地址:AndroidNdkInvokeStaticLibrary

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