Swift map 函数

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函数原型:

/// Returns an array containing the results of mapping the given closure
/// over the sequence's elements.
///
/// In this example, `map` is used first to convert the names in the array
/// to lowercase strings and then to count their characters.
///
///     let cast = ["Vivien", "Marlon", "Kim", "Karl"]
///     let lowercaseNames = cast.map { $0.lowercased() }
///     // 'lowercaseNames' == ["vivien", "marlon", "kim", "karl"]
///     let letterCounts = cast.map { $0.count }
///     // 'letterCounts' == [6, 6, 3, 4]
///
/// - Parameter transform: A mapping closure. `transform` accepts an
///   element of this sequence as its parameter and returns a transformed
///   value of the same or of a different type.
/// - Returns: An array containing the transformed elements of this
///   sequence.
@inlinable public func map<T>(_ transform: (Element) throws -> T) rethrows -> [T]

let cast = ["Vivien", "Marlon", "Kim", "Karl"]
let lowercaseNames = cast.map {
    $0.lowercased()
}
print(lowercaseNames) // ["vivien", "marlon", "kim", "karl"]

let arrayString = ["Ann", "Bob", "Tom", "Lily", "HanMeiMei", "Jerry"]
// 计算每个元素的个数，生成个数数组
let arrayCount = arrayString.map { (str) -> Int in
    return str.count
}
print("arrayCount: \(arrayCount)")
// arrayCount: [3, 3, 3, 4, 9, 5]