自定义View-第十五步：封装控件-自定义控件属性

作者: crossroads | 来源:发表于2017-02-16 11:39 被阅读163次

自定义View-第十五步：封装控件-自定义控件属性
Android-自定义View-自定义属性之第三方Banner看
Android自定义控件(一,基本原理)
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自定义View一：自定义属性使用
Android自定义View-圆形图片控件
HMTL5 音视频
GHMall
Android组合控件详解 & 自定义属性
组合控件2——海贼王选项菜单

前言

根据启舰的博客所学习的自定义View。

什么是自定义控件属性？

首先，咱们先看看这个代码

croosRoads:age="18"

这可不是系统自带的，而是自定义的属性，那么怎么做呢？利用XML中的declare-styleable标签就可以啦~
_{下面就来用declare-styleable来封装控件吧}

一、具体使用方法

1. 在res/values下创建attrs.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <!--为MineView添加自定义属性-->
    <declare-styleable name="MineView">
        <attr name="img" format="reference" />
        <attr name="height" format="dimension" />
        <!--表示既可以自定义color，如##ff00ff，也可以引用，如@color/XXX-->
        <attr name="paintColor" format="color|reference" />
        <attr name="radius" format="integer">
            <enum name="small" value="3"/>
            <enum name="large" value="50"/>
        </attr>
    </declare-styleable>
</resources>

**2. 布局文件中引用 **

   <com.qianqian.demo.viewdemo.MineView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        crossRoads:height="300dp"
        android:textColor="#fff"
        crossRoads:img="@mipmap/bear"
        crossRoads:paintColor="@color/colorAccent"
        crossRoads:radius="large"
        />
    <!-- 也可以这样 crossRoads:paintColor="#0fff00"-->

3. MineView中获取这些值

public class MineView extends View {
    private Paint paint;
    int color;
    float radius;
    Drawable drawable;
    float height;

    public MineView(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public MineView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        paint = new Paint();
        TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MineView);
        color = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.MineView_paintColor, Color.BLUE);
        paint.setColor(color);
        radius = typedArray.getInteger(R.styleable.MineView_radius, 1);
        drawable = typedArray.getDrawable(R.styleable.MineView_img);
        height = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.MineView_height, 100); //获取的值为450px
        //必须回收
        typedArray.recycle();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        //获取宽高
        int measureHeight=MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        int measureWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        //获取高度的属性
        int mode=MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        //如果属性是MATCH_PARENT或者是具体的值,就使用自定义的高度
        if (mode==MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
            setMeasuredDimension(measureWidth, (int) height);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        setLayerType(LAYER_TYPE_SOFTWARE, null);//对单独的View在运行时阶段禁用硬件加速
        canvas.drawColor(Color.BLACK);
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        paint.setStrokeWidth(2);
        canvas.drawCircle(100, 100, radius, paint);
        BitmapDrawable bitmapDrawable = (BitmapDrawable) drawable;
        Bitmap bitmap = bitmapDrawable.getBitmap();
        canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 100, 200, paint);
    }

}

效果图

二、declare-styleable标签属性用法

1. reference: 参考某一资源ID

<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
       <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />  
</declare-styleable>

<ImageView  
        android:layout_width = "42dip"  
        android:layout_height = "42dip"  
        android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"/>

**2.color: 颜色值 **

<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
       <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />  
</declare-styleable>

<TextView  
         android:layout_width = "42dip"  
         android:layout_height = "42dip"  
         android:textColor = "#00FF00"/>

3.boolean:布尔值

<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
       <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />  
</declare-styleable>

<Button  
        android:layout_width = "42dip"  
        android:layout_height = "42dip"  
        android:focusable = "true"/>

4. dimension:尺寸值

<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
       <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />  
</declare-styleable>

<Button  
        android:layout_width = "42dip"  
        android:layout_height = "42dip"/>

5.float：浮点值

<declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">  
       <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />  
       <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />  
</declare-styleable>

<alpha  
       android:fromAlpha = "1.0"  
       android:toAlpha = "0.7"/>

6. integer: 整型值

<declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">  
       <attr name = "visible" />  
       <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />  
       <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />  
       <attr name = "pivotX" />  
       <attr name = "pivotY" />  
       <attr name = "drawable" />  
</declare-styleable>

<animated-rotate  
       xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"   
       android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID"   
       android:pivotX = "50%"   
       android:pivotY = "50%"   
       android:framesCount = "12"   
       android:frameDuration = "100"/>

7.string:字符串

<declare-styleable name = "MapView">  
       <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />  
</declare-styleable>

<com.google.android.maps.MapView  
       android:layout_width = "fill_parent"  
       android:layout_height = "fill_parent"  
       android:apiKey = "haha" />

8. fraction：百分数

<declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">  
      <attr name = "visible" />  
      <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />  
      <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />  
      <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />  
      <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />  
      <attr name = "drawable" />  
</declare-styleable>

<rotate  
      xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
　　   android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"  
      android:fromDegrees = "0"  
　　   android:toDegrees = "360"  
      android:pivotX = "200%"  
      android:pivotY = "300%"  
　　   android:duration = "5000"  
      android:repeatMode = "restart"  
      android:repeatCount = "infinite"/>

9. enum:枚举值

<declare-styleable name="名称">  
      <attr name="orientation">  
             <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />  
             <enum name="vertical" value="1" />  
      </attr>             
</declare-styleable>

<LinearLayout  
        xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
        android:orientation = "vertical"  
        android:layout_width = "fill_parent"  
        android:layout_height = "fill_parent">  
</LinearLayout>

10. flag：位或运算

<declare-styleable name="名称">  
       <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">  
               <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />  
               <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />  
               <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />  
               <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />  
               <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />  
               <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />  
               <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />  
               <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />  
               <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />  
               <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />  
        </attr>          
</declare-styleable>

<activity  
       android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"  
       android:label = "@string/app_name"  
       android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged　|　stateHidden">  
       <intent-filter>  
              <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />  
              <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />  
       </intent-filter>  
 </activity>

11.定义多种类型

<declare-styleable name = "名称">  
       <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />  
</declare-styleable>

<ImageView  
        android:layout_width = "42dip"  
        android:layout_height = "42dip"  
        android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"/>

后记

这样子，以后我们写自定义View后，小伙伴们引用的时候就方便多啦！
下面，补充一个小知识：
wrap_content-> MeasureSpec.AT_MOST
match_parent -> MeasureSpec.EXACTLY
具体值 -> MeasureSpec.EXACTLY

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