1. 配置python运行环境

2. 安装selenium,sudo pip install selenium

3. 安装chrome

   提供下载网站chromedownloads

   <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block md-fences-with-lineno ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="shell" cid="n12" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); --select-text-bg-color: #36284e; --select-text-font-color: #fff; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.71429em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); position: relative !important; margin-bottom: 3em; margin-left: 2em; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 1ch; width: inherit;"> sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64-75.0.3770.80.deb

   执行sudo dpkg -i google-chrome*.deb后报错的话，那就执行一下sudo apt-get install -f

   ​

   安装后在/usr/bin目录下查看是否有google-chrome文件

   检查chrome版本：

   $ google-chrome-stable --version
   ​

   当时无法查到版本,并报错error while loading shared libraries: libasound.so.2,

   输入sudo apt-get install -f后解决

   $ google-chrome-stable --version</pre>

4. 安装chromedriver

   <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block md-fences-with-lineno ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="shell" cid="n15" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); --select-text-bg-color: #36284e; --select-text-font-color: #fff; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.71429em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); position: relative !important; margin-bottom: 3em; margin-left: 2em; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 1ch; width: inherit;"> unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip
   sudo mv -f chromedriver /usr/local/share/chromedriver
   sudo ln -s /usr/local/share/chromedriver /usr/bin/chromedrive
   ​
   $ chromedriver -v

   如果发现版本不对，chrome可以使用这样卸载：

   $ yum remove google-chrome

   chromedriver可以直接删除目录：

   $ sudo rm -f /usr/bin/chromedriver</pre>

5. 编写python测试代码

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block md-fences-with-lineno ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="python" cid="n18" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); --select-text-bg-color: #36284e; --select-text-font-color: #fff; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.71429em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); position: relative !important; margin-bottom: 3em; margin-left: 2em; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 1ch; width: inherit; color: rgb(31, 9, 9); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
browser.get('https://www.baidu.com/')
​</pre>

报错记录:

Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist) (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)

解决方法：添加参数chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block md-fences-with-lineno ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="python" cid="n24" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); --select-text-bg-color: #36284e; --select-text-font-color: #fff; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.71429em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); position: relative !important; margin-bottom: 3em; margin-left: 2em; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 1ch; width: inherit; color: rgb(31, 9, 9); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
chrome_options.add_argument('user-agent=%s' % random.choice(MY_USER_AGENT_PC))
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/usr/local/bin/chromedriver', chrome_options=chrome_options)
driver.set_window_size(1366, 1000) # 调整页面尺寸
driver.implicitly_wait(3)</pre>