Proxy
首先声明,此文是我自己阅读JDK的动态代理记录的笔记,可能对你没有丝毫的帮助,请慎读。 @_@!
使用JDK提供的动态代理,需要java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler
实现.
public Object getInstance(Person target) throws Exception {
this.target = target;
Class<?> clazz = this.target.getClass();
//用来生成新的对象(使用字节码重组)
return Proxy.newProxyInstance(clazz.getClassLoader(),
clazz.getInterfaces(), this);
}
这里使用了Proxy.newProxyInstance
来创建一个动态的代理类。进一步了解newProxyInstance
1.获取代理类
Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);
2.创建代理类实例
调用构造方法,创建并返回代理类的实例
//得到构造方法
final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams);
final InvocationHandler ih = h;
if (!Modifier.isPublic(cl.getModifiers())) {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
public Void run() {
cons.setAccessible(true);
return null;
}
});
}
return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h});
进一步了解,是JDK如何获取代理类的
如何获取代理类
private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader,
Class<?>... interfaces) {
//在编译的class文件中,给类实现接口的记录只有2byte,
//因此,这里限制实现接口的数量不能超过这个数量 2byte = 2^16 = 65535
if (interfaces.length > 65535) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded");
}
// If the proxy class defined by the given loader implementing
// the given interfaces exists, this will simply return the cached copy;
// otherwise, it will create the proxy class via the ProxyClassFactory
return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces);
}
这里的ClassLoader
作用是,动态重组的字节码,要动态加载到JVM上来。
get
方法调用的是WeakCache
中的public V get(K key, P parameter)
方法。
WeakCache是Proxy中的一个静态成员
private static final WeakCache<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>>
proxyClassCache = new WeakCache<>(new KeyFactory(), new ProxyClassFactory());
实例化时, 放入了 KeyFactory,和 ProxyClassFactory
WeakCache的get方法
public V get(K key, P parameter) {
Objects.requireNonNull(parameter);
expungeStaleEntries();
//构建一个缓存Key
Object cacheKey = CacheKey.valueOf(key, refQueue);
// lazily install the 2nd level valuesMap for the particular cacheKey
// 从缓存中使用key获取一次
ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> valuesMap = map.get(cacheKey);
if (valuesMap == null) {
//如果为空时, 用当前key 创建一个 ConCurrentHashMap 并赋值给 valueMap
ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> oldValuesMap
= map.putIfAbsent(cacheKey,
valuesMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>());
if (oldValuesMap != null) {
valuesMap = oldValuesMap;
}
}
// create subKey and retrieve the possible Supplier<V> stored by that
// subKey from valuesMap
// 将Parameter中的 传入的实现类接口 组成一个key 实现方式在
// Proxy中的内部类 KeyFactory
Object subKey = Objects.requireNonNull(subKeyFactory.apply(key, parameter));
// 根据这个key,获取到已经上边缓存中的 ConCurrentHashMap 这个map存的啥,进一步探究 ↓
Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
Factory factory = null;
while (true) {
if (supplier != null) {
// supplier might be a Factory or a CacheValue<V> instance
// 这个 supplier有可能是 Factory 或者 CacheValue
// 根据下方的代码推导,这里调用的是 Factory.get方法
V value = supplier.get();
if (value != null) {
return value;
}
}
// else no supplier in cache
// or a supplier that returned null (could be a cleared CacheValue
// or a Factory that wasn't successful in installing the CacheValue)
// lazily construct a Factory
if (factory == null) {
//懒加载 Factory
factory = new Factory(key, parameter, subKey, valuesMap);
}
if (supplier == null) { //当为空时 ,给一个值
//这里 pubIfAbsent 将subKey 和 factory放入到map,仅在subKey对应的value为空时,才put进去,否则返回一个旧的 value(Factory)
supplier = valuesMap.putIfAbsent(subKey, factory);
if (supplier == null) {
// successfully installed Factory
//将工厂赋值给 本应该从map中获取到的值上边
supplier = factory;
}
// else retry with winning supplier
} else {
//返回一个 有 factory的 supplier ,这是个旧的Factory
// 此处调用 替换方案 将获取出来 的 supplier 用新new的factory 替换
/** replace 旧值为空或者 与传入的旧值是相同的时候 才进行替换,并返回旧
的值否则返回空 */
if (valuesMap.replace(subKey, supplier, factory)) { //当有返回值,表示 //旧的替换成功了 则将 supplier 替换成新的factory
// successfully replaced
// cleared CacheEntry / unsuccessful Factory
// with our Factory
supplier = factory;
} else {
// retry with current supplier
// 如果没替换成功,重试获取一次。并回到loop的第一行
supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
}
}
}
}
//模拟第二遍的流程,假设此时已经获取到了 supplier(Factory)
//调用一个Factory.get
if (supplier != null) {
// supplier might be a Factory or a CacheValue<V> instance
// 这里调用 Factory的 get方法
V value = supplier.get();
if (value != null) {
return value;
}
}
KeyFactory的实现
private static final class KeyFactory
implements BiFunction<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Object>
{
@Override
public Object apply(ClassLoader classLoader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {
switch (interfaces.length) {
case 1: return new Key1(interfaces[0]); // the most frequent
case 2: return new Key2(interfaces[0], interfaces[1]);
case 0: return key0;
default: return new KeyX(interfaces);
}
}
}
Factory.get()方法
@Override
public synchronized V get() { // serialize access
// re-check
Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
if (supplier != this) {
return null;
}
// else still us (supplier == this)
// create new value
V value = null;
try {
// 用传入的 ClassLoader和 需要被代理的对象,调用 valueFactory.apply方法 根据上下文
// 可以看出 这个 valueFactory其实是 ProxyClassFactory 类型,因此,这里的apply实际上就是
// ProxyClassFactory的 apply方法,这个方法的功能是,重组字节码,并用ClassLoader加载到 JVM然后返回
value = Objects.requireNonNull(valueFactory.apply(key, parameter));
} finally {
if (value == null) { // remove us on failure
valuesMap.remove(subKey, this);
}
}
//-- 省略部分代码
return value;
}
ProxyClassFactory 的 apply方法
public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {
Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length);
//遍历实现的接口,检查类加载器加载的接口与 传入的接口一致性
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
/*
* Verify that the class loader resolves the name of this
* interface to the same Class object.
*/
Class<?> interfaceClass = null;
try {
//
interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
}
if (interfaceClass != intf) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
intf + " is not visible from class loader");
}
/*
* Verify that the Class object actually represents an
* interface. JDK要求被代理的对象一定要实现一个接口,这里确认是否为一个interface
*/
if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface");
}
/*
* Verify that this interface is not a duplicate.
* 用Map检查接口,是否实现接口重复性
*/
if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName());
}
}
String proxyPkg = null; // package to define proxy class in
int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL;
/*
* Record the package of a non-public proxy interface so that the
* proxy class will be defined in the same package. Verify that
* all non-public proxy interfaces are in the same package.
*/
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
int flags = intf.getModifiers();
if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) {
accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL;
String name = intf.getName();
int n = name.lastIndexOf('.');
String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1));
if (proxyPkg == null) {
proxyPkg = pkg;
} else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"non-public interfaces from different packages");
}
}
}
if (proxyPkg == null) {
// if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package
//构建包名称
proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + ".";
}
/*
* Choose a name for the proxy class to generate.
*/
//构建 代理对象的对象名称,例如 com.sun.proxy.$Proxy0这里按照JDK代理对象的规范
// 添加上$在target对象名前边,然后用 一个计数器来标记target生成的次数
long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement();
String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num;
/*
* Generate the specified proxy class.
*/
//调用 ProxyGenerator 重组一个 java文件的byte数组
byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);
try {
//调用类加载的方式,将byte数组动态的加载到JVM
return defineClass0(loader, proxyName,
proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
} catch (ClassFormatError e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString());
}
}
按照以上丰富的操作,就是JDK实现动态代理的方式,放一个动态生成的代理类的内容
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException;
import org.rate.pattern.proxy.Person;
public final class $Proxy0 extends Proxy implements Person {
//将目标类中的方法统计出来,定义到成员中
private static Method m1;
private static Method m4;
private static Method m2;
private static Method m5;
private static Method m3;
private static Method m0;
//调用构造方法时,将 invocationHandler 传入到,这个变量会保存到 Proxy中的变量h
public $Proxy0(InvocationHandler var1) throws {
super(var1);
}
public final boolean equals(Object var1) throws {
try {
return (Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[]{var1});
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
throw var3;
} catch (Throwable var4) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
}
}
/** target类的方法 1 其他就不写备注了 */
public final void findLove() throws {
try {
//调用方法时,走h也就是构造方法给的h 在结合 开头提起的
////用来生成新的对象(使用字节码重组)
//return Proxy.newProxyInstance(clazz.getClassLoader(),
// clazz.getInterfaces(), this);
// 代理类这里需要实现 InvocationHandler 并重写 Invoker方法
// 进一步查看 重写的 invoker方法
super.h.invoke(this, m4, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final String toString() throws {
try {
return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final void zufangzi() throws {
try {
super.h.invoke(this, m5, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final void findJob() throws {
try {
super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final int hashCode() throws {
try {
return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
static {
try {
//类实例化的时候,会将每个方法通过反射的方式,赋值给 上边定义的成员中
m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", Class.forName("java.lang.Object"));
m4 = Class.forName("org.rate.pattern.proxy.Person").getMethod("findLove");
m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString");
m5 = Class.forName("org.rate.pattern.proxy.Person").getMethod("zufangzi");
m3 = Class.forName("org.rate.pattern.proxy.Person").getMethod("findJob");
m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode");
} catch (NoSuchMethodException var2) {
throw new NoSuchMethodError(var2.getMessage());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException var3) {
throw new NoClassDefFoundError(var3.getMessage());
}
}
}
实现的代理类
public class ProxyImple implements InvocationHandler {
private Person target;
public Object getInstance(Person target) throws Exception {
this.target = target;
Class<?> clazz = this.target.getClass();
//用来生成新的对象(使用字节码重组)
return Proxy.newProxyInstance(clazz.getClassLoader(), clazz.getInterfaces(), this);
}
//这里就是反射出来的方法 实际上, invoke的this.target可以替换成 medhos, 结果是一样的
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("方法执行前的操作1");
System.out.println("方法执行前的操作2");
method.invoke(this.target, args);
System.out.println("方法执行后的操作1");
System.out.println("方法执行后的操作2");
return null;
}
}
至此,JDK的动态代理源码就到此了。
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