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普通视图序列化
JSONView
访问 https://github.com/gildas-lormeau/JSONView-for-Chrome 下载
选择插件目录 JSONView-for-Chrome-master\WebContent
image.png
View实现商品列表-json
在goods应用下创建 views_base.py 文件，增加一下内容
from django.views.generic.base import View
from django.views.generic import ListView
from goods.models import Goods
class GoodsListView(View):
def get(self, request):
"""
通过Django的View获取商品列表页
:param request:
:return:
"""
json_list = list()
all_goods = Goods.objects.all()[:5]
print(all_goods)
for goods in all_goods:
json_dict = dict()
json_dict['name'] = goods.name
json_dict['category'] = goods.category.name
json_dict['shop_price'] = goods.shop_price
json_list.append(json_dict)
from django.http import HttpResponse
import json
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(json_list), content_type='application/json')
修改项目配置文件夹的主 urls.py ，增加该视图的url
from goods.views_base import GoodsListView
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls')),
path('ckeditor/', include('ckeditor_uploader.urls')), # 配置富文本编辑器url
path('goods/', GoodsListView.as_view(), name='goods_list')
]
访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/goods/
image.png
但这种方式需要将每个字段加到json中去，如果遇到DateTimeField字段，是不能序列化的。
View实现商品列表-model_to_dict
解决字段多的情况，在我们的模型中，如果字段多，像上面的方法，是非常麻烦的。
from django.views.generic.base import View
from django.views.generic import ListView
from goods.models import Goods
class GoodsListView(View):
def get(self, request):
"""
通过Django的View获取商品列表页
:param request:
:return:
"""
json_list = list()
all_goods = Goods.objects.all()[:5]
# print(all_goods)
# for goods in all_goods:
# json_dict = dict()
# json_dict['name'] = goods.name
# json_dict['category'] = goods.category.name
# json_dict['shop_price'] = goods.shop_price
# json_list.append(json_dict)
from django.forms.models import model_to_dict
for goods in all_goods:
json_dict = model_to_dict(instance=goods)
json_list.append(json_dict)
from django.http import HttpResponse
import json
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(json_list), content_type='application/json')
以上方式虽然能获取所有字段，但对于ImageField和DateTimeField仍然是不支持的
实现商品列表-serializers
class GoodsListView(View):
def get(self, request):
"""
通过Django的View获取商品列表页
:param request:
:return:
"""
json_list = list()
all_goods = Goods.objects.all()[:5]
# print(all_goods)
# for goods in all_goods:
# json_dict = dict()
# json_dict['name'] = goods.name
# json_dict['category'] = goods.category.name
# json_dict['shop_price'] = goods.shop_price
# json_list.append(json_dict)
# from django.forms.models import model_to_dict
# for goods in all_goods:
# json_dict = model_to_dict(instance=goods)
# json_list.append(json_dict)
from django.core import serializers
json_data = serializers.serialize('json', all_goods)
from django.http import HttpResponse, JsonResponse
import json
return HttpResponse(json_data, content_type='application/json')
image.png
再使用JsonResponse
class GoodsListView(View):
def get(self, request):
"""
通过Django的View获取商品列表页
:param request:
:return:
"""
json_list = list()
all_goods = Goods.objects.all()[:5]
# print(all_goods)
# for goods in all_goods:
# json_dict = dict()
# json_dict['name'] = goods.name
# json_dict['category'] = goods.category.name
# json_dict['shop_price'] = goods.shop_price
# json_list.append(json_dict)
# from django.forms.models import model_to_dict
# for goods in all_goods:
# json_dict = model_to_dict(instance=goods)
# json_list.append(json_dict)
from django.core import serializers
json_data = serializers.serialize('json', all_goods) # 序列化
from django.http import HttpResponse, JsonResponse
import json
# return HttpResponse(json_data, content_type='application/json')
json_data = json.loads(json_data) # 转换为数组
return JsonResponse(json_data)
会出现错误：TypeError: In order to allow non-dict objects to be serialized set the safe parameter to False.
可以进行如下配置
return JsonResponse(json_data)
# 修改为
return JsonResponse(json_data, safe=False)
同样也可以正常显示json数据
使用serializer缺点
image.png
- 比如图片，这保存的是一个相对路径，必须手动在前面加上 settings.py 中配置的
media - 字段，序列化顺序固定
- 没有文档功能
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