call和apply的作用都是改变this的指向,不同的是:
call第一个参数是函数运行的作用域,第二个参数是函数的各个参数
apply第一个参数和call一样,第二个参数是一个数组
call的用法:
//例1
window.color = 'red';
document.color = 'yellow';
var s1 = {color: 'blue' };
function changeColor(){
console.log(this.color);
}
changeColor.call(); //red (默认传递参数)
changeColor.call(window); //red
changeColor.call(document); //yellow
changeColor.call(this); //red
changeColor.call(s1); //blue
//例2
var Pet = {
words : '...',
speak : function (say) {
console.log(say + ''+ this.words)
}
}
Pet.speak('Speak'); // 结果:Speak...
var Dog = {
words:'Wang'
}
//将this的指向改变成了Dog
Pet.speak.call(Dog, 'Speak'); //结果: SpeakWang
apply的用法:
//例1
window.number = 'one';
document.number = 'two';
var s1 = {number: 'three' };
function changeColor(){
console.log(this.number);
}
changeColor.apply(); //one (默认传参)
changeColor.apply(window); //one
changeColor.apply(document); //two
changeColor.apply(this); //one
changeColor.apply(s1); //three
//例2
function Pet(words){
this.words = words;
this.speak = function () {
console.log( this.words)
}
}
function Dog(words){
//Pet.call(this, words); //结果: Wang
Pet.apply(this, arguments); //结果: Wang
}
var dog = new Dog('Wang');
dog.speak();
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