Charles Dickens
查尔斯·狄更斯
Charles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812 in Portsmouth.
查尔斯·狄更斯于1812年2月7日出生在朴茨茅斯。
Finances were a constant concern for his family. The expenses of having a large family were too much for his father's salary.
经济问题一直是他家的隐忧，他父亲的工资支撑不了一大家子的开销。
Charles' education was unplanned, but he supplemented（弥补） it with constant reading, particularly of the eighteenth-century novels in his father's small library.
查尔斯上学是有一天没一天的，但他一直以读书来弥补，经常在他父亲的小图书馆里阅读十八世纪的小说。
He was poorly clothed, ill-fed, forced to live in the cheapest place.
他衣衫褴褛，食不果腹，被迫住在最简陋的房子里。
At age 12, Charles was removed from school and sent to work at a factory to help support the family.
查尔斯十二岁时辍了学，去一家工厂打工，帮助维持家庭的生计。
Charles was deeply marked by these experiences.
查尔斯深受这些经历的影响。
This childhood poverty, although unknown to his readers until after his death, would be a heavy influence on Dickens' later views on social reform（改革） and the world he would create through his fiction.
这种童年的贫困，虽然在他死后才为读者所知，但却对狄更斯后来的社会改革观点和他通过小说创造的世界产生了重大影响。
He knew those kinds of feelings. He was lost at that time when he worked hopelessly in the factory. That period was so bitter to the sensitive boy.
他深知那些糟糕的感受。在工厂打工的日子里，看不到前途希望，这个时期他迷茫过。当时这个敏感的孩子太痛苦了。
Luckily the situation improved within a year. Charles was released from his duties at the factory.
幸运的是，情况在一年之内有了好转，查尔斯解除了在工厂的工作。
He worked for a time as a junior clerk（初级文员） in a lawyer's office. After that, he worked as a reporter in the law courts, and later in parliament（议会）, for London newspapers.
他曾在律师事务所当过一段时间的初级职员。之后，他在法院当记者，后来又在议会做伦敦报社的记者。
His career as a writer of fiction began in 1833 with short stories and essays in periodicals, and in 1837 his comic（喜剧） novel The Pickwick Papers made him the most popular author at his time in England.
他于1833年开始写小说，在期刊上发表短篇小说和散文。1837年，他发表了喜剧小说《匹克威克报》，这使他成为当时英国最受欢迎的作家。
He was an acute（敏锐的） observer of people and their places because he was attracted by life and conditions in the mid-nineteenth century London.
因为他对十九世纪中期伦敦的生活环境很感兴趣，他能敏锐地观察到人和事。
He wrote 19 novels all his life and in many of them, Dickens gave a realistic picture of all classes of England society, showing deep sympathy for the poor and unfortunate, exposing the injustice and inhumanity of the bourgeoisie（资产阶级）.
狄更斯一生写了十九部小说。他的许多小说都生动地刻画了英国社会的各个阶层，表达了对穷人和不幸者的深切同情，揭露了资产阶级的不公正和不人道。
Many of his novels, like Olive Twist, David Copperfield, Nicholas Nickleby, Great Expectations, A Tale of Two Cities, drew attention to the unsatisfactory social conditions that existed in England over 100 years ago.
他的许多小说，比如《雾都孤儿》、《大卫·科波菲尔》、《尼古拉斯·尼克贝》、《远大前程》、《双城记》都揭露了一百多年前发生在英国社会的不平等现象。
Dickens criticized capitalist（资本主义） society and he wished to see improvement in the living conditions of the poor. However, he failed to find any effective means to achieve that end.
狄更斯批评资本主义社会，他希望穷人生活条件能得到改善。然而，他始终没有找到实现这个目标的有效办法。
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