来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/xudongliang/p/6756258.html
arrows 函数用来在一张图表上添加箭头,只需要分别指定起始坐标和终止坐标,就可以添加箭头了,还可以通过一些属性对箭头的形状,大小进行调整
基本用法:
xo, yo 指定起始点的x和y坐标,x1, y1 指定终止点的x和y坐标, 代码示例如下:
<pre style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4)</pre>
效果如下:
imagex0, y0,x1,y1 支持一次设置多个值,同时画多个箭头,示例代码如下:
<pre style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n")
arrows(x0 = c(1, 1), y0 = c(1, 2), x1 = c(4, 4), y1 = c(4, 5))</pre>
效果如下:
image参数调整:
length : 该参数一次只能设置一个值,默认值为0.25, 为了调整不同箭头的大小,建议分别设置,用法如下:
[ 复制代码](javascript:void(0); "复制代码")
<pre style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">par(mfrow = c(1,3))
plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n", main = "length = 0.1")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4, length = 0.1)
plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n", main = "length = 0.5")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4, length = 0.5)
plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n", main = "length = 1")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4, length = 1)</pre>
](javascript:void(0); "复制代码")
效果如下:
imagecode : 调整箭头的类型,一共有1,2,3,4 共四种类型,该参数一次只能设置一个值,四种类型具体可以看下面的效果图
代码如下:
[ 复制代码](javascript:void(0); "复制代码")
<pre style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">par(mfrow = c(1,3))
plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n", main = "code = 1")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4, code = 1)
plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n", main = "code = 2")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4, code = 2)
plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n", main = "code = 3")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4, code = 3)</pre>
](javascript:void(0); "复制代码")
效果图如下:
imagecode = 1 代表箭头由终止点指向起始点
code = 2 是默认值,箭头由起始点指向终止点
code = 3 代表在起始点和终止点两端都标上箭头
angle : 设置箭头的角度,默认值是45,该参数一次只能设置一个值,代码如下:
[ 复制代码](javascript:void(0); "复制代码")
<pre style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">par(mfrow = c(1,3))
plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n", main = "angle = 15")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4, length = 0.5, angle = 15)
plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n", main = "angle = 45")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4, length = 0.5, angle = 45)
plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n", main = "angle = 60")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4, length = 0.5, angle = 60)</pre>
](javascript:void(0); "复制代码")
效果图如下:
image除了上面的针对arrows 的特殊参数之外,也支持一些通用的参数,col , lty ,lwd 等
代码如下:
<pre style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-family: "Courier New" !important; font-size: 12px !important;">plot(1:5, 1:5, xlim = c(0,6), ylim = c (0,6), type = "n")
arrows(x0 = 1, y0 = 1, x1 = 4, y1 = 4, col = "red", lwd = 2, lty = 3)</pre>
效果图如下:
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