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flutter plugin之路:flutter与原生交互传值O

flutter plugin之路:flutter与原生交互传值O

作者: 帅气的阿斌 | 来源:发表于2019-01-31 14:43 被阅读0次
    说在前头:flutter虽然很牛掰,但是目前很多功能或者插件的实现其实还是需要通过原生来实现,然后通过flutter和原生的交互传值实现数据的交换
    实现目标,flutter进行页面布局,画一个按钮,点击按钮调用原生平台的方法返回内容再用text部件显示

    本demo的github地址:https://github.com/iBinbro/flutterstudy
    (补充了安卓java版,以OC为例作为分析,安卓java同理不做叙述了)
    官方文档(英文凑活着看吧,大致意思还是能看懂的):https://flutter.io/docs/development/platform-integration/platform-channels

    一、flutter端的实现

    1.创建TwoCommunicate类(statefulwidget),
    2._nativeCallBackValue是存放flutter和native相互通信的结果
    3.创建通道标识,实现flutter调用native的方法
    _communicateFunction
    4.build方法实现布局,并添加点击事件来调用_communicateFunction方法

    import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
    import 'dart:async';
    import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
    
    class TwoCommunicate extends StatefulWidget {
      @override
      _TwoCommunicateState createState() => _TwoCommunicateState();
    }
    
    class _TwoCommunicateState extends State<TwoCommunicate> {
      String _nativeCallBackValue = '等待原生传值';
    
      //交互的通道名称,flutter和native是通过这个标识符进行相互间的通信
      static const communicateChannel = MethodChannel('https://www.jianshu.com/u/ee3db73e5459');
    
      //异步执行调用原生方法,保持页面不卡住,因为调用原生的方法可能没实现会抛出异常,所以trycatch包住
      Future<void> _communicateFunction(flutterPara) async {
        try {
          //原生方法名为callNativeMethond,flutterPara为flutter调用原生方法传入的参数,await等待方法执行
          final result = await communicateChannel.invokeMethod('callNativeMethond', flutterPara);
          //如果原生方法执行回调传值给flutter,那下面的代码才会被执行
          _nativeCallBackValue = result;
        } on PlatformException catch (e) {//抛出异常
          //flutter: PlatformException(001, 进入异常处理, 进入flutter的trycatch方法的catch方法)
          print(e);
        }
      }
    
      @override
      Widget build(BuildContext context) {
        return Scaffold(
          appBar: AppBar(
            title: Text('text'),
          ),
          body: Container(
            padding: EdgeInsets.all(32.0),
            child: Center(
              child: Column(
                children: <Widget>[
                  FloatingActionButton(
                    child: Text(_nativeCallBackValue),
                    onPressed: () {
                      _communicateFunction('flutter传值');
                      setState(() {
                      });
                    },
                  )
                ],
              ),
            ),
          ),
        );
      }
    }
    
    

    二、原生端iOS OC的实现,

    先运行下工程,避免打开ios工程缺少文件,然后在工程目录进入ios文件夹,打开Runner.xcworkspace,使用xcode进行原生代码的编写

    1.创建通道并实现通道的回调方法
    2、在回调方法里获取flutter调取原生的方法名和传入的参数
    3、利用回调方法里的result实现原生对flutter的传值

    #include "AppDelegate.h"
    #include "GeneratedPluginRegistrant.h"
    
    @implementation AppDelegate
    
    - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application
        didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
        
        __weak __typeof(self) weakself = self;
        
        FlutterViewController *controller = (FlutterViewController *)self.window.rootViewController;
        
        //通道标识,要和flutter端的保持一致
        FlutterMethodChannel *channel = [FlutterMethodChannel methodChannelWithName:@"https://www.jianshu.com/u/ee3db73e5459" binaryMessenger:controller];
        
        //flutter端通过通道调用原生方法时会进入以下回调
        [channel setMethodCallHandler:^(FlutterMethodCall * _Nonnull call, FlutterResult  _Nonnull result) {
            //call的属性method是flutter调用原生方法的方法名,我们进行字符串判断然后写入不同的逻辑
            if ([call.method isEqualToString:@"callNativeMethond"]) {
                
                //flutter传给原生的参数
                id para = call.arguments;
                
                NSLog(@"flutter传给原生的参数:%@", para);
                
                //获取一个字符串
                NSString *nativeFinalStr = [weakself getString];
                
                if (nativeFinalStr!=nil) {
                    //把获取到的字符串传值给flutter
                    result(nativeFinalStr);
                }else{
                    //异常(比如改方法是调用原生的getString获取一个字符串,但是返回的是nil(空值),这显然是不对的,就可以向flutter抛出异常 进入catch处理)
                    result([FlutterError errorWithCode:@"001" message:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"进入异常处理"] details:@"进入flutter的trycatch方法的catch方法"]);
                }
            }else{
                //调用的方法原生没有对应的处理  抛出未实现的异常
                result(FlutterMethodNotImplemented);
            }
        }];
        
        
        
      [GeneratedPluginRegistrant registerWithRegistry:self];
      // Override point for customization after application launch.
      return [super application:application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:launchOptions];
    }
    
    //返回一个字符串
    - (NSString *)getString{
    //    return nil;//返回nil进入异常的情景
        return @"原生传给flutter的值";
    }
    
    @end
    
    
    

    附表:互相传值 不同平台间值类型的对应关系

    Dart Android iOS
    null null nil (NSNull when nested)
    bool java.lang.Boolean NSNumber numberWithBool:
    int java.lang.Integer NSNumber numberWithInt:
    int, if 32 bits not enough java.lang.Long NSNumber numberWithLong:
    double java.lang.Double NSNumber numberWithDouble:
    String java.lang.String NSString
    Uint8List byte[] FlutterStandardTypedData typedDataWithBytes:
    Int32List int[] FlutterStandardTypedData typedDataWithInt32:
    Int64List long[] FlutterStandardTypedData typedDataWithInt64:
    Float64List double[] FlutterStandardTypedData typedDataWithFloat64:
    List java.util.ArrayList NSArray
    Map java.util.HashMap NSDictionary

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