1. 配置环境
- 引入#import <GLKit/GLKit.h>;
- 将视图控制器设置继承GLKViewController;
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <GLKit/GLKit.h>
@interface ViewController : GLKViewController
@end
2. 编程代码
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//1.新建OpenGL ES 上下文
[self setupContext];
//开启深度测试
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
//3.创建GLKBaseEffect 只能有3个光照、2个纹理
[self setupBaseEffect];
//6.设置清屏颜色
GLKVector4 colorVector4 = GLKVector4Make(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
[self setClearColor:colorVector4];
//7.顶点数组 从cpu 复制data到gpu
[self bufferData];
}
这一部分主要初始化pengl es的,创建数组缓存区、顶点缓存区、法线缓冲区、纹理缓存区,并将相应的数据从CPU复制到GPU。创建一个GLKBaseEffect对象,用来绘制几何图形。只需要复制 一次 就可以。
由于继承了GLKViewController,所以屏幕在每一帧刷新时,会自动调用GLKViewDelegate代理方法;
-(void)glkView:(GLKView *)view drawInRect:(CGRect)rect;
我们的绘制操作、清屏操作等,都在这里执行;
-(void)glkView:(GLKView *)view drawInRect:(CGRect)rect
{
//设置清屏颜色
glClearColor(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
//清空颜色缓存区和深度缓存区
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
//地球旋转角度
_earthRotationAngleDegress += 360.0f/60.0f / SceneDaysPerMoonOrbit * 2;
//月球旋转角度
_moonRotationAngleDegress += (360.0f/60.0f)/SceneDaysPerMoonOrbit * 2;
//2、准备绘制
[self.vertexPositionBuffer prepareToDrawWithAttrib:GLKVertexAttribPosition numberOfCoordinates:3 attribOffset:0 shouldEnable:YES];
[self.vertexNormalBuffer prepareToDrawWithAttrib:GLKVertexAttribNormal numberOfCoordinates:3 attribOffset:0 shouldEnable:YES];
[self.vertextTextureCoordBuffer prepareToDrawWithAttrib:GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0 numberOfCoordinates:2 attribOffset:0 shouldEnable:YES];
//3.开始绘制
[self drawEarth];
[self drawMoon];
}
3. 绘制几何图形
- 设置清屏颜色,并清空渲染缓存区
//设置清屏颜色
glClearColor(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
//清空颜色缓存区和深度缓存区
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
- 使用 GLKTextureInfo 对象,来加载纹理图片;
- 使用 AGLKVertexAttribArrayBuffer 来设置如何读取数据;
[self.vertexPositionBuffer prepareToDrawWithAttrib:GLKVertexAttribPosition numberOfCoordinates:3 attribOffset:0 shouldEnable:YES];
[self.vertexNormalBuffer prepareToDrawWithAttrib:GLKVertexAttribNormal numberOfCoordinates:3 attribOffset:0 shouldEnable:YES];
[self.vertextTextureCoordBuffer prepareToDrawWithAttrib:GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0 numberOfCoordinates:2 attribOffset:0 shouldEnable:YES];
- 由于使用累两个不同的纹理,和几何图形,所以需要使用到 GLKMatrixStack 对模型试图坐标进行出栈或入栈操作;不然会导致模型坐标混乱,显示不出效果;
// 绘制地球
-(void)drawEarth
{
//获取纹理的name、target
self.baseEffect.texture2d0.name = self.earchTextureInfo.name;
self.baseEffect.texture2d0.target = self.earchTextureInfo.target;
//将当前的modelViewMatrixStack 压栈
GLKMatrixStackPush(self.modelViewMatrixStack);
//在指定的轴上旋转最上面的矩阵。
GLKMatrixStackRotate(self.modelViewMatrixStack, GLKMathDegreesToRadians(SceneEarthAxialTiltDeg), 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
GLKMatrixStackRotate(self.modelViewMatrixStack, GLKMathDegreesToRadians(_earthRotationAngleDegress), 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
self.baseEffect.transform.modelviewMatrix = GLKMatrixStackGetMatrix4(self.modelViewMatrixStack);
//准备绘制
[self.baseEffect prepareToDraw];
// 设置顶点
[AGLKVertexAttribArrayBuffer drawPreparedArraysWithMode:GL_TRIANGLES startVertexIndex:0 numberOfVertices:sphereNumVerts];
//绘制完毕,则出栈
GLKMatrixStackPop(self.modelViewMatrixStack);
self.baseEffect.transform.modelviewMatrix = GLKMatrixStackGetMatrix4(self.modelViewMatrixStack);
}
// 绘制6个月球
-(void)drawMoon {
// 绘制6个月球
for (NSInteger i=0; i<6; i++) {
//获取纹理的name、target
self.baseEffect.texture2d0.name = self.moomTextureInfo.name;
self.baseEffect.texture2d0.target = self.moomTextureInfo.target;
//压栈
GLKMatrixStackPush(self.modelViewMatrixStack);
//围绕Y轴旋转moonRotationAngleDegress角度
//自转
GLKMatrixStackRotate(self.modelViewMatrixStack, GLKMathDegreesToRadians(self.moonRotationAngleDegress), 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
// 设置不同月球的间距
float xDistance = SceneMoonDistanceFromEarth * cos(i * GLKMathDegreesToRadians(60));
float zDistance = SceneMoonDistanceFromEarth * sin(i * GLKMathDegreesToRadians(60));
//平移 -月球距离地球的距离
GLKMatrixStackTranslate(self.modelViewMatrixStack, xDistance, 0.0f, zDistance);
//缩放,把月球缩放
GLKMatrixStackScale(self.modelViewMatrixStack, SceneMoonRadiusFractionOfEarth, SceneMoonRadiusFractionOfEarth, SceneMoonRadiusFractionOfEarth);
self.baseEffect.transform.modelviewMatrix = GLKMatrixStackGetMatrix4(self.modelViewMatrixStack);
[self.baseEffect prepareToDraw];
[AGLKVertexAttribArrayBuffer drawPreparedArraysWithMode:GL_TRIANGLES startVertexIndex:0 numberOfVertices:sphereNumVerts];
GLKMatrixStackPop(self.modelViewMatrixStack);
}
self.baseEffect.transform.modelviewMatrix = GLKMatrixStackGetMatrix4(self.modelViewMatrixStack);
}
demo代码EarthMoon.
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