美文网首页
探索SSM(一)-MyBatis

探索SSM(一)-MyBatis

作者: Zephyr_07 | 来源:发表于2019-02-13 11:45 被阅读0次

    SSM框架在我看来可总结为
    Spring:MVC代替Servlet
    Mybatis:Dao中数据库操作,简化数据库操作,专注于xml中编辑sql语句
    Spring:所有对象转为Bean,统一加载。依赖注入(DI)和控制反转(IOC),AOP面向切面编程。AOP 可以进行权限校验 ,日志记录 ,性能监控 ,事务控制 .

    MyBatis(整合Spring)

    5.3.3.1. SqlMapConfig.xml
    配置文件是SqlMapConfig.xml,如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE configuration
    PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
    <configuration>
        <!-- 设置别名 -->
        <typeAliases>
            <!-- 2. 指定扫描包,会把包内所有的类都设置别名,别名的名称就是类名,大小写不敏感 -->
            <package name="cn.itcast.mybatis.pojo" />
        </typeAliases>
    
    </configuration>
    

    5.3.3.2. applicationContext.xml
    SqlSessionFactoryBean属于mybatis-spring这个jar包
    对于spring来说,mybatis是另外一个架构,需要整合jar包。

    applicationContext.xml,配置内容如下

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
    
       <!-- 加载配置文件 -->
       <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
    
        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
            destroy-method="close">
            <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
            <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
            <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
            <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
            <property name="maxActive" value="10" />
            <property name="maxIdle" value="5" />
        </bean>
    
        <!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory -->
        <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
            <!-- 配置mybatis核心配置文件 -->
            <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:SqlMapConfig.xml" />
            <!-- 配置数据源 -->
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        </bean>
    </beans>
    

    5.3.3.3. db.properties

    jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?characterEncoding=utf-8
    jdbc.username=root
    jdbc.password=root
    

    5.3.3.4. log4j.properties

    # Global logging configuration
    log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
    # Console output...
    log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
    

    5.4.3. Mapper代理形式开发dao
    5.4.3.1. 实现Mapper.xml
    编写UserMapper.xml配置文件,如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper
    PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
    <mapper namespace="cn.itcast.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper">
        <!-- 根据用户id查询 -->
        <select id="queryUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="user">
            select * from user where id = #{id}
        </select>
    
        <!-- 根据用户名模糊查询用户 -->
        <select id="queryUserByUsername" parameterType="string"
            resultType="user">
            select * from user where username like '%${value}%'
        </select>
    
        <!-- 添加用户 -->
        <insert id="saveUser" parameterType="user">
            <selectKey keyProperty="id" keyColumn="id" order="AFTER"
                resultType="int">
                select last_insert_id()
            </selectKey>
            insert into user
            (username,birthday,sex,address) values
            (#{username},#{birthday},#{sex},#{address})
        </insert>
    </mapper>
    

    5.4.3.2. 实现UserMapper接口

    public interface UserMapper {
        /**
         * 根据用户id查询
         * 
         * @param id
         * @return
         */
        User queryUserById(int id);
    
        /**
         * 根据用户名模糊查询用户
         * 
         * @param username
         * @return
         */
        List<User> queryUserByUsername(String username);
    
        /**
         * 添加用户
         * 
         * @param user
         */
        void saveUser(User user);
    }
    

    创建POJO对象

    public class User {
        private int id;
        private String username;// 用户姓名
        private String sex;// 性别
        private Date birthday;// 生日
        private String address;// 地址
    
    get/set。。。
    }
    

    5.4.3.3. 方式一:配置mapper代理
    在applicationContext.xml添加配置
    MapperFactoryBean也是属于mybatis-spring整合包

    <!-- Mapper代理的方式开发方式一,配置Mapper代理对象 -->
    <bean id="userMapper" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean">
        <!-- 配置Mapper接口 -->
        <property name="mapperInterface" value="cn.itcast.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper" />
        <!-- 配置sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    
    

    5.4.3.5. 方式二:扫描包形式配置mapper(常用)

    <!-- Mapper代理的方式开发方式二,扫描包方式配置代理 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 配置Mapper接口 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="cn.itcast.mybatis.mapper" />
    </bean>
    

    4.3.2. Mapper.xml解析
    4.2.1. 方法一:使用resultType
    在UserMapper.xml添加sql,如下

    <!-- 查询订单,同时包含用户数据 -->
    <select id="queryOrderUser" resultType="orderUser">
        SELECT
        o.id,
        o.user_id
        userId,
        o.number,
        o.createtime,
        o.note,
        u.username,
        u.address
        FROM
        `order` o
        LEFT JOIN `user` u ON o.user_id = u.id
    </select>
    
    bb.png

    4.2.2. 方法二:使用resultMap
    ①一对多查询

    <resultMap type="user" id="userOrderResultMap">
        <id property="id" column="id" />
        <result property="username" column="username" />
        <result property="birthday" column="birthday" />
        <result property="sex" column="sex" />
        <result property="address" column="address" />
    
        <!-- 配置一对多的关系 -->
        <collection property="orders" javaType="list" ofType="order">
            <!-- 配置主键,是关联Order的唯一标识 -->
            <id property="id" column="oid" />
            <result property="number" column="number" />
            <result property="createtime" column="createtime" />
            <result property="note" column="note" />
        </collection>
    </resultMap>
    
    <!-- 一对多关联,查询订单同时查询该用户下的订单 -->
    <select id="queryUserOrder" resultMap="userOrderResultMap">
        SELECT
        u.id,
        u.username,
        u.birthday,
        u.sex,
        u.address,
        o.id oid,
        o.number,
        o.createtime,
        o.note
        FROM
        `user` u
        LEFT JOIN `order` o ON u.id = o.user_id
    </select>
    

    对应POJO


    a.png

    ②一对一查询

    <resultMap type="order" id="orderUserResultMap">
        <id property="id" column="id" />
        <result property="userId" column="user_id" />
        <result property="number" column="number" />
        <result property="createtime" column="createtime" />
        <result property="note" column="note" />
    
        <!-- association :配置一对一属性 -->
        <!-- property:order里面的User属性名 -->
        <!-- javaType:属性类型 -->
        <association property="user" javaType="user">
            <!-- id:声明主键,表示user_id是关联查询对象的唯一标识-->
            <id property="id" column="user_id" />
            <result property="username" column="username" />
            <result property="address" column="address" />
        </association>
    
    </resultMap>
    
    <!-- 一对一关联,查询订单,订单内部包含用户属性 -->
    <select id="queryOrderUserResultMap" resultMap="orderUserResultMap">
        SELECT
        o.id,
        o.user_id,
        o.number,
        o.createtime,
        o.note,
        u.username,
        u.address
        FROM
        `order` o
        LEFT JOIN `user` u ON o.user_id = u.id
    </select>
    
    

    对应POJO


    aaa.png

    4.2.3. 动态sql-标签使用

    3.1. If标签

    <!-- 根据条件查询用户 -->
    <select id="queryUserByWhere" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
        SELECT id, username, birthday, sex, address FROM `user`
        WHERE 1=1
        <if test="sex != null and sex != ''">
            AND sex = #{sex}
        </if>
        <if test="username != null and username != ''">
            AND username LIKE
            '%${username}%'
        </if>
    </select>
    

    3.2. Where标签

    <!-- 根据条件查询用户 -->
    <select id="queryUserByWhere" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
        SELECT id, username, birthday, sex, address FROM `user`
    <!-- where标签可以自动添加where,同时处理sql语句中第一个and关键字 -->
        <where>
            <if test="sex != null">
                AND sex = #{sex}
            </if>
            <if test="username != null and username != ''">
                AND username LIKE
                '%${username}%'
            </if>
        </where>
    </select>
    
    

    3.3. Sql片段

    <!-- 根据条件查询用户 -->
    <select id="queryUserByWhere" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
        <!-- SELECT id, username, birthday, sex, address FROM `user` -->
        <!-- 使用include标签加载sql片段;refid是sql片段id -->
        SELECT <include refid="userFields" /> FROM `user`
        <!-- where标签可以自动添加where关键字,同时处理sql语句中第一个and关键字 -->
        <where>
            <if test="sex != null">
                AND sex = #{sex}
            </if>
            <if test="username != null and username != ''">
                AND username LIKE
                '%${username}%'
            </if>
        </where>
    </select>
    
    <!-- 声明sql片段 -->
    <sql id="userFields">
        id, username, birthday, sex, address
    </sql>
    
    

    3.4. foreach标签

    <!-- 根据ids查询用户 -->
    <select id="queryUserByIds" parameterType="queryVo" resultType="user">
        SELECT * FROM `user`
        <where>
            <!-- foreach标签,进行遍历 -->
            <!-- collection:遍历的集合,这里是QueryVo的ids属性 -->
            <!-- item:遍历的项目,可以随便写,,但是和后面的#{}里面要一致 -->
            <!-- open:在前面添加的sql片段 -->
            <!-- close:在结尾处添加的sql片段 -->
            <!-- separator:指定遍历的元素之间使用的分隔符 -->
            <foreach collection="ids" item="item" open="id IN (" close=")"
                separator=",">
                #{item}
            </foreach>
        </where>
    </select>
    
    

    逆向工程

    mybatis-generator-core-1.3.2配置文件参数
    在generatorConfig.xml中配置Mapper生成的详细信息:
    注意修改以下几点:

    1. 修改要生成的数据库表
    2. pojo文件所在包路径
    3. Mapper所在的包路径

    配置文件如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
      PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
      "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">
    
    <generatorConfiguration>
        <context id="testTables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
            <commentGenerator>
                <!-- 是否去除自动生成的注释 true:是 : false:否 -->
                <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true" />
            </commentGenerator>
            <!--数据库连接的信息:驱动类、连接地址、用户名、密码 -->
            <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
                connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis" userId="root" password="root">
            </jdbcConnection>
            <!-- <jdbcConnection driverClass="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver" connectionURL="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:yycg" 
                userId="yycg" password="yycg"> </jdbcConnection> -->
    
            <!-- 默认false,把JDBC DECIMAL 和 NUMERIC 类型解析为 Integer,为 true时把JDBC DECIMAL 
                和 NUMERIC 类型解析为java.math.BigDecimal -->
            <javaTypeResolver>
                <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false" />
            </javaTypeResolver>
    
            <!-- targetProject:生成PO类的位置 -->
            <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="cn.itcast.ssm.po"
                targetProject=".\src">
                <!-- enableSubPackages:是否让schema作为包的后缀 -->
                <property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" />
                <!-- 从数据库返回的值被清理前后的空格 -->
                <property name="trimStrings" value="true" />
            </javaModelGenerator>
            <!-- targetProject:mapper映射文件生成的位置 -->
            <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="cn.itcast.ssm.mapper"
                targetProject=".\src">
                <!-- enableSubPackages:是否让schema作为包的后缀 -->
                <property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" />
            </sqlMapGenerator>
            <!-- targetPackage:mapper接口生成的位置 -->
            <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER"
                targetPackage="cn.itcast.ssm.mapper" targetProject=".\src">
                <!-- enableSubPackages:是否让schema作为包的后缀 -->
                <property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" />
            </javaClientGenerator>
            <!-- 指定数据库表 -->
            <table schema="" tableName="user"></table>
            <table schema="" tableName="order"></table>
        </context>
    </generatorConfiguration>
    

    生成代码组成


    aa.png

    Example :条件对象,可根据需求自行编辑
    insertByExample:表示根据条件插入
    insertSelective:表示选择性插入
    deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer id):根据主键删除
    updateByExampleSelective(@Param("record")) Orders record):可输入多参数

    方法调用

    public class UserMapperTest {
        private ApplicationContext context;
    
        @Before
        public void setUp() throws Exception {
            this.context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testInsert() {
            // 获取Mapper
            UserMapper userMapper = this.context.getBean(UserMapper.class);
    
            User user = new User();
            user.setUsername("曹操");
            user.setSex("1");
            user.setBirthday(new Date());
            user.setAddress("三国");
    
            userMapper.insert(user);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testSelectByExample() {
            // 获取Mapper
            UserMapper userMapper = this.context.getBean(UserMapper.class);
    
            // 创建User对象扩展类,用户设置查询条件
            UserExample example = new UserExample();
            example.createCriteria().andUsernameLike("%张%");
    
            // 查询数据
            List<User> list = userMapper.selectByExample(example);
    
            System.out.println(list.size());
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testSelectByPrimaryKey() {
            // 获取Mapper
            UserMapper userMapper = this.context.getBean(UserMapper.class);
    
            User user = userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(1);
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
    

    注意:

    1. 逆向工程生成的代码只能做单表查询
    2. 不能在生成的代码上进行扩展,因为如果数据库变更,需要重新使用逆向工程生成代码,原来编写的代码就被覆盖了。
    3. 一张表会生成4个文件

    e.g. 本文仅供个人笔记使用,借鉴部分网上资料。

    相关文章

      网友评论

          本文标题:探索SSM(一)-MyBatis

          本文链接:https://www.haomeiwen.com/subject/jwvkeqtx.html