S01E03 反思
Reflective Thinking
This kind of thinking is called reflective because it takes life as its object. The theory of life, the theory of the universe, and the theory of knowledge all emerge from this type of thinking. The theory of the universe arises because the universe is the background of life—the stage on which the drama of life takes place. The theory of knowledge emerges because thinking is itself knowledge. According to some philosophers of the West, in order to think, we must first find out what we can think; that is to say, before we start to think about life, we must first think our thinking.
这种思考，我们称之为反思，因为它把人生作为思考的对象。有关人生的学说，有关宇宙的学说以及有关知识的学说，都是由这样的思考中产生的。宇宙是人类生存的背景，是人生戏剧演出的舞台，宇审论就是这样兴起的。思考本身就是知识，知识论就是由此而兴起的。按照某些西方哲学家的看法，人要思想，首先要弄清楚人能够思考什么，这就是说，在对人生进行思考之前，我们先要对思想进行思考。
S01E04 反思的产物
The Products of Reflective Thinking
反思的产物
Such theories are all the products of reflective thinking. The very concept of life, the very concept of the universe, and the very concept of knowledge are also the products of reflective thinking. No matter whether we think about life or whether we talk about it, we are all in the midst of it. And no matter whether we think or speak about the universe, we are all a part of it. Now, what the philosophers call the universe is not the same as what the physicists have in mind when they refer to it. What the philosophers call the universe is the totality of all that is. It is equivalent to what the ancient Chinese philosopher, Hui Shih, called "The Great One," which is defined as that which has nothing beyond. So everyone and everything must be considered part of the universe. When one thinks about the universe, one is thinking reflectively.
这些学说都是反思的产物，甚至“人生”和“生命”的概念、“宇宙”的概念、“知识”的概念也都是反思的产物。人无论是自己思索或与别人谈论，都是在人生之中。我们对宇宙进行思索或与人谈论它，都是在其中进行反思。但哲学家所说的“宇宙”和物理学家心目中的“宇宙”，内涵有所不同。哲学家说到“宇宙”时，所指的是一切存在的整体，相当于中国古代哲学家惠施所说的“大一”，可以给它一个定义，乃是“至大无外”。因此，任何人，任何事物，都在宇宙之中。当一个人对宇宙进行思索时，他就是在反思。
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