源码形式安装LNMP环境：
安装MySQL：
1.下载mysql源码包到本地/usr/local/src（个人习惯把源码放在这个路径下）
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
2.解压
[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf /usr/local/src/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
3.把解压完的数据移动到/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost src]# mv mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
4.建立mysql用户
[root@localhost src]# useradd -s mysql /sbin/nologin mysql
5.初始化数据库
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql ; chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
上面这一步出错了：FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:Data::Dumper
解决办法：yum install -y perl-Module-Install.noarch
--user定义数据库的所属主，--datadir定义数据库安装到哪里，建议放到大空间的分区上，这个目录需要自行创建。这一步骤很关键，如果你看到两个 “OK” 说明执行正确，否则请仔细查看错误信息
6.拷贝配置文件
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.conf
7.拷贝启动脚本文件，并修改文件属性
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
8.修改启动脚本
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
需要修改的地方有 “datadir=/data/mysql” （前面初始化数据库时定义的目录）
9.把启动脚本加入系统服务项，并设定开机启动，启动mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
如果启动不了，请到 /data/mysql/ 下查看错误日志，这个日志通常是主机名.err. 检查mysql是否启动的命令为:
[root@localhost mysql]# ps aux |grep mysqld 或者：
[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -lnp |grep 3306
安装PHP：
1.下载源码包
[root@localhost src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.6.9.tar.gz
2.解压
[root@localhost src]# tar axvf php-5.6.9.tar.gz
3.创建相关账户
[root@localhost src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
4.配置编译参数
[root@localhost php-5.6.9]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=php-fpm \
--with-fpm-group=php-fpm \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock \
--with-libxml-dir \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-iconv-dir \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-mcrypt \
--enable-soap \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-exif \
--disable-ipv6 \
--with-pear \
--with-curl \
--with-openssl
错误信息：configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in /include/curl/
解决办法：yum install -y libcurl-devel
5.编译php
[root@localhost php-5.6.9]# make
错误信息1：/libxmlrpc/encoding.c:101:undefined reference to 'libiconv_close'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make:*** [sapi/fpm/php-fpm] Error 1
解决办法：make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
错误信息2：
/usr/bin/ld:TSRM /.Libs / TSRM.o: the symbol'pthread_sigmask @ @ GLIBC_2.2.5'undefined reference
/usr/lib64/libpthread.so.0: error when adding symbols: lack of DSO in the command line
Collect2: error: LD returns 1 exit States
解决方法：vi Makefile 找到EXTRA_LIBS = .... 后面加上-lpthread
错误信息3：info.c:(.text+0x35b): undefined reference to `executor_globals'
ext/standard/.libs/info.o: In function `php_print_info':
info.c:(.text+0x1028): undefined reference to `executor_globals'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
解决办法：make clean 删除上次编译结果，然后重新编译make就好了。
6.安装php，安装完成可以使用echo $? 查看是否正确执行！！！
[root@localhost php-5.6.9]# make install
7.修改配置文件
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf ，内容如下：
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
检验配置是否正确：/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
8.启动php-fpm
cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.9/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
service php-fpm start
设置开机启动：chkconfig php-fpm on （非必要设置）
检查是否启动服务：ps aux |grep php-fpm
安装nginx：
1.源码下载
[root@localhost src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.5.0.tar.gz
2.解压：tar zxvf nginx-1.5.0.tar.gz
3.配置编译参数：
[root@localhost nginx-1.5.0]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-pcre
4.编译，安装
make && make install
5.编写nginx启动脚本，并加入系统服务
vim/etc/init.d/nginx 添加内容如下：
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload(){
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart(){
stop
start
}
configtest(){
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
保存后修改权限：chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
添加到系统服务项：chkconfig --add nginx
6.更改nginx配置
> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf （>表示重定向，意思是快速清空）
vim/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
'$host "$request_uri" $status'
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
检查配置：/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
启动服务：service nginx start
测试是否解析php文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php
<?php
echo "测试php是否解析";
?>
[root@localhost nginx]# curl localhost/2.php
测试php是否解析[root@localhost nginx]#
错误信息：（502错误）
1.connect() to unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock failed (2: No such file or directory)
2.connect() to unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock failed (13: Permission denied)
解决办法：创建/tmp/php-fcgi.sock，授权chmod 777 /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
3.还是502，查看错误日志，找原因：cat logs/nginx_error.log
[crit] 121170#0: *9 connect() to unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 127.0.0.1, server: localhost, request: "GET /2.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock:", host: "localhost"
解决办法：fastcgi_pass路径问题导致的
修改php-fpm的配置文件 vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 里面的 listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock 改为 listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
修改nginx的配置文件 vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 里面的 fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; 改为 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
记得检查一下是否有错误：
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
重启服务：service php-fpm restart service nginx restart
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