Oracle搭建

一、准备工作

1、上传软件包到/tmp目录下并解压
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
2、关闭selinux
vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
Selinux=disabled
3、关闭防火墙：
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
4、做本地解析

二、安装依赖包

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# yum -y install gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static ksh libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel

三、环境配置

1、创建用户组

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# groupadd dba

2、创建Oracle用户，并加入oinstall和dba用户组

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba -m oracle

3、修改oracle密码

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# passwd oracle

4、修改内核参数

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
fs.file-max = 6815744 #设置最大打开文件数
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.shmall = 2097152 #共享内存的总量
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824 #最大共享内存的段大小
kernel.shmmni = 4096 #整个系统共享内存端的最大数
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 #可使用的IPv4端口范围
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max= 4194304
net.core.wmem_default= 262144
net.core.wmem_max= 1048576
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# sysctl -p       # 配置生效

5、修改软硬件限制

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
添加以下配置
oracle   soft    nproc         2047
oracle   hard    nproc         16384
oracle   soft    nofile        1024
oracle   hard    nofile        65536
oracle   soft    stack         10240

6、修改/etc/pam.d/login稳健

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
#添加
session  required   pam_limits.so
#session  required   /lib64/security/pam_limits.so

7、执行命令

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/oracle.sh
#添加
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
      ulimit -p 16384
      ulimit -n 65536
   else
      ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
   fi
fi
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/oracle.sh

8、创建目录

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/oracle/product/11.2.0
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# mkdir /data/oracle/oradata
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# mkdir /data/oracle/inventory
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# mkdir /data/oracle/fast_recovery_area
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# chmod -R 775 /data/oracle

9、配置环境变量

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile 
ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_SID=orcl
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

10、编辑静默安装相应文件，可以替换下面文件，修改oracle_hostname为主机名称

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# vim /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp
修改以下参数：
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/oracle/inventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

11、安装数据库监听

root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# cd - oracle
[oracle@rabbitmq-1 ~]$ cd /tmp/database/
[oracle@rabbitmq-1 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -ignorePrereq -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp
如果这里有报错，查看是否有swap分区，如果为空，解决：
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=512k
mkswap /swapfile     //格式化
swapon /swapfile      //激活Swap

11、在root用户下运行脚本

sh /data/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
sh /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

12、用oracle用户登录配置监听

netca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp
有错误：
yum -y install libXtst-devel
export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0
再执行：netca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp
netstat -tnulp | grep 1521

建立新库和实例：
vim /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp 
# 修改参数：
GDBNAME = "orcl"
SID = "orcl"
SYSPASWORD = "oracle"
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"
DATAFILEDESTINATION =/data/oracle/oradata
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/data/oracle/fast_recovery_area
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"
TOTALMEMORY = "1638"

13、静默配置安装

[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@rabbitmq-1 ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep
[root@rabbitmq-1 ~]# lsnrctl status   查看监听状态

14、登录后测试

sqlplus / as sysdba     //登录
SQL> startup # 启动服务  关闭用 shutdown

sqlplus中无法退格和上下翻动历史命令的解决办法
[oracle@oracle ~]$ vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile
stty erase ^h
alias sqlplus='/bin/rlwrap sqlplus'
yum install readline* libtermcap-devel*
yum install rlwrap-0.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile