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next.js学习笔记

next.js学习笔记

作者: 风间澈618 | 来源:发表于2020-09-21 17:08 被阅读0次
1 安装 npx create-next-app
2 _app.js _document.js server.js
3 css 这使用了一个名为styled-jsx的库。这是一个“ CSS-in-JS”库-它使您可以在React组件中编写CSS,并且CSS样式将受到限制(其他组件不会受到影响)。

==Next.js内置了对styled-jsx的支持,但是您也可以使用其他流行的CSS-in-JS库,例如styled-components或情感。
==Next.js具有对CSS和Sass的内置支持,可让您导入.css和.scss文件。
==还支持使用流行的CSS库,例如Tailwind CSS。
==要使用CSS模块,CSS文件名必须以结尾.module.css
==要加载全局CSS文件,请创建一个名为_app.js under 的文件

4 _app.js

该App组件是顶级组件,将在所有不同页面上通用。App例如,在页面之间导航时,可以使用此组件来保持状态

5自定义PostCSS配置

开箱即用,无需配置,Next.js使用PostCSS编译CSS 。

6 搭配material ui

如果不配置,会对样式有影响
我们很清楚这个问题。我们最近引入了SSR API,它创建了更多的约束,更易于使用,并且应该减少出现此类问题的可能性。
虽然您必须在v3中配置_document.js和_app.js,但使用v4配置_document.js就足够了。

参考https://github.com/mui-org/material-ui/blob/v3.x/examples/nextjs/pages/_document.js
https://itnext.io/next-js-with-material-ui-7a7f6485f671
__document.js
/* eslint-disable react/jsx-filename-extension */
import React from 'react';
import Document, {
  Html, Main, NextScript,
} from 'next/document';
import { ServerStyleSheets } from '@material-ui/core/styles';

export default class MyDocument extends Document {
  render() {
    return (
      <Html lang="en">
        <body>
          <Main />
          <NextScript />
        </body>
      </Html>
    );
  }
}

// `getInitialProps` belongs to `_document` (instead of `_app`),
// it's compatible with server-side generation (SSG).
MyDocument.getInitialProps = async (ctx) => {

  // Render app and page and get the context of the page with collected side effects.
  const sheets = new ServerStyleSheets();
  const originalRenderPage = ctx.renderPage;

  ctx.renderPage = () => originalRenderPage({
    enhanceApp: (App) => (props) => sheets.collect(<App {...props} />),
  });

  const initialProps = await Document.getInitialProps(ctx);

  return {
    ...initialProps,
    // Styles fragment is rendered after the app and page rendering finish.
    styles: [...React.Children.toArray(initialProps.styles), sheets.getStyleElement()],
  };
};

_app.js
React.useEffect(() => {
  // Remove the server-side injected CSS.
  const jssStyles = document.querySelector('#jss-server-side');
  if (jssStyles) {
    jssStyles.parentElement.removeChild(jssStyles);
  }
}, []);

要自定义PostCSS配置,您可以创建一个名为的顶级文件postcss.config.js。如果您正在使用Tailwind CSS之类的库,这将很有用。

7 获取数据

node-fetch

8 国际化

(1)报错

You have not declared a namespacesRequired array on your page-level component: withI18nextTranslation(Home). This will cause all namespaces to be sent down to the client, 
possibly negatively impacting the performance of your app. For more info, 
see: https://github.com/isaachinman/next-i18next#4-declaring-namespace-dependencies

(1)解决

Custom404.getInitialProps = async () => ({
    namespacesRequired: ['common'],
})

(2)版本6.02开始 无服务器
设置 _app.js

// import React, { useEffect } from 'react';
// import '../styles/global.css'
// import { appWithTranslation } from '../i18n'
// function App({ Component, pageProps }) {
//     useEffect(() => {
//         const jssStyles = document.querySelector('#jss-server-side');
//         if (jssStyles) {
//             jssStyles.parentElement.removeChild(jssStyles);
//         }
//     }, []);

//     return <Component {...pageProps} />
// }
// export default appWithTranslation(App)

import App from 'next/app'
import React, { useEffect } from 'react';
import { appWithTranslation } from '../i18n'

const MyApp = ({ Component, pageProps }) => {
    useEffect(() => {
        const jssStyles = document.querySelector('#jss-server-side');
        if (jssStyles) {
            jssStyles.parentElement.removeChild(jssStyles);
        }
    }, []);
    return <Component {...pageProps} />
}

MyApp.getInitialProps = async (appContext) => ({ ...await App.getInitialProps(appContext) })

export default appWithTranslation(MyApp)

(2)设置next.config.js

const { nextI18NextRewrites } = require('next-i18next/rewrites')

const localeSubpaths = {}

module.exports = {
    rewrites: async () => nextI18NextRewrites(localeSubpaths),
    publicRuntimeConfig: {
        localeSubpaths,
    },
}

(2)i18n.js

const i18n = require('i18next')
const NextI18Next = require('next-i18next').default
const detector = require('i18next-browser-languagedetector')
const { localeSubpaths } = require('next/config').default().publicRuntimeConfig
const path = require('path')
module.exports = new NextI18Next({
    defaultLanguage: 'en',
    otherLanguages: ['de'],
    fallbackLng: "en",
    browserLanguageDetection: true,
    localePath: path.resolve('./public/static/locales')
})

(3)设置_error.js

import PropTypes from 'prop-types'
import { withTranslation } from '../i18n'

const Error = ({ statusCode, t }) => (
    <p>
        {statusCode
            ? t('error-with-status', { statusCode })
            : t('error-without-status')}
    </p>
)

Error.getInitialProps = async ({ res, err }) => {
    let statusCode = null
    if (res) {
        ({ statusCode } = res)
    } else if (err) {
        ({ statusCode } = err)
    }
    return {
        namespacesRequired: ['common'],
        statusCode,
    }
}

Error.defaultProps = {
    statusCode: null,
}

Error.propTypes = {
    statusCode: PropTypes.number,
    t: PropTypes.func.isRequired,
}

export default withTranslation('common')(Error)

(3)设置404.js
(4)pages/404` can not have getInitialProps/getServerSideProps,

function Custom404() {
    return <h1>404 - Page Not Found</h1>
}
Custom404.getInitialProps = async () => ({
    namespacesRequired: ['common'],
})
export default Custom404

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