Quartz是什么
Quartz提供了一些Scheduler(调度策略)，以便我们管理和执行Job(任务)。
官网介绍
Quartz是一个功能丰富、开源的任务调度库，它可以被集成到所有的Java程序，无论是很小的单节点还是规模庞大的商业系统。Quartz可以被用来创建简单或者复杂的调度策略，以执行成千上万的任务。任务一般是指一个标准的Java组件，实际上可以是你写代码指定的任何逻辑。Quartz Scheduler还包括很多企业级的特性，例如JTA事务控制和集群。
怎么使用Quartz
大致步骤
1. 创建SchedulerFactory
2. 创建Scheduler
3. 创建JobDetail
4. 创建Trigger
5. 注册到Scheduler：scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger)
6. 启动Scheduler：scheduler.start()
实例代码
以非集群的RamJob为例
- RAMJob.java
public class RAMJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("Hello Quartz: " + new Date() + " " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
- RAMJobTest.java
public class RAMJobTest {
@Test
public void testExecute() throws SchedulerException, InterruptedException {
// 1.创建Scheduler的工厂
SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
// 2.从工厂中获取调度器实例
Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
// 3.创建JobDetail
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(RAMJob.class)
.withDescription("this is a ram job") //job的描述
.withIdentity("ramJob", "ramGroup") //job 的name和group
.build();
// 4.创建Trigger
Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withDescription("")
.withIdentity("ramTrigger", "ramTriggerGroup")
.startAt(new Date()) // 默认当前时间启动
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/2 * * * * ?")) // 两秒执行一次
.build();
// 5.注册任务和定时器
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
// 6.启动调度器
scheduler.start();
System.out.println("启动时间 ： " + new Date() + " " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
Thread.sleep(60000);
System.out.println("done");
}
}
- 程序主要输出
2018-08-31 15:14:03,769 INFO [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] - Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v${version}.UNKNOWN.UNKNOWN) 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' with instanceId 'NON_CLUSTERED'
Scheduler class: 'org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler' - running locally.
NOT STARTED.
Currently in standby mode.
Number of jobs executed: 0
Using thread pool 'org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool' - with 10 threads.
Using job-store 'org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore' - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered.
2018-08-31 15:14:03,769 INFO [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] - Quartz scheduler 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' initialized from default resource file in Quartz package: 'quartz.properties'
2018-08-31 15:14:03,769 INFO [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] - Quartz scheduler version: ${version}.UNKNOWN.UNKNOWN
2018-08-31 15:14:03,820 INFO [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] - Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
启动时间 ： Fri Aug 31 15:14:03 CST 2018 main
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:04 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-1
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:06 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-2
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:08 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-3
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:10 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-4
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:12 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-5
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:14 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-6
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:16 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-7
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:18 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-8
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:20 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-9
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:22 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-10
Hello Quartz: Fri Aug 31 15:14:24 CST 2018 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-1
...
done
在Spring使用Quartz
在Spring里面使用Quartz，你的Job逻辑可以是任意类的任意方法。
- 依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.3.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
</dependency>
- Spring配置文件
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd">
<bean name="cronRAMJob" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
<property name="targetObject">
<bean class="org.fahai.quartz.RAMJob"/>
</property>
<property name="targetMethod" value="execute"/>
<property name="concurrent" value="false"/>
</bean>
<!--Cron表达式触发器-->
<bean id="cronRAMJobTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
<property name="jobDetail" ref="cronRAMJob"/>
<property name="cronExpression" value="0/2 * * * * ?"/>
</bean>
<!--配置调度工厂-->
<bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<property name="triggers">
<list>
<ref bean="cronRAMJobTrigger"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
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