以下内容均可参考官网
一、Spring声明式事务实现关键要点
1. 创建一个maven项目
2. 修改pom.xml
<project
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.lazyfennec</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringTransaction</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.3.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.9.1</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- MySQL驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.16</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3. 新建db.properties,在resources目录下
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy?serverTimezone=GMT(数据库名称记得替换成你的)
jdbc.username=#### (替换成你的数据库账号)
jdbc.password=#### (替换成你的数据库密码)
4. 新建application-context.xml
- 主要记得添加schema
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"
- 具体文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.lazyfennec"/>
<!-- 数据源配置 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<context:property-placeholder location="db.properties"/>
</beans>
5. 定义事务管理器
- 在application-context.xml 中加入以下内容
<!-- 定义事务管理器 -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
6. 定义事务Advice
- 在application-context.xml 中加入以下内容
<!-- 定义事务 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!-- 表示匹配get开头的方法,*表示匹配任意内容, read-only="true"表示只读事务-->
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
<!--表示匹配任意方法-->
<tx:method name="*"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
7. 定义Pointcut
- 在application-context.xml 中加入以下内容
<!-- 定义Pointcut -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="daoOperation" expression="execution(* cn.lazyfennec.dao.AccountDao.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="daoOperation"/>
</aop:config>
8. 配置<tx:method />,参考 “6. 定义事务Advice”
- name:匹配的函数名称,支持*匹配
- propagation:事务传播行为
- isolation:事务隔离级别
- timeout:超时
- read-only:是否只读事务
- rollback-for:触发回滚的异常,逗号分隔
- no-rollback-for:不触发回滚的异常,逗号分隔
9. 开启注解方式@Transactional
<!-- 开启注解 -->
<tx:annotaion-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
- value:
- value:使用的TransactionManager
- propagation:事务传播行为
- isolation:事务隔离级别
- timeout:超时
- readOnly:是否只读事务
- rollbackFor:触发回滚的异常类对象数组
- rollbackForClassName:触发回滚的异常类名称数组
- noRollbackFor:不触发回滚的异常类对象数组
- noRollbackForClassName:不触发回滚的异常类名称数组
10. 创建Account,此时未添加事务
package cn.lazyfennec.entity;
/**
* @Author: Neco
* @Description:
* @Date: create in 2022/4/14 23:59
*/
public class Account {
private int id;
private String name;
private Double money;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getMoney() {
return money;
}
public void setMoney(Double money) {
this.money = money;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", money=" + money +
'}';
}
}
11. 创建AccoutDao
package cn.lazyfennec.dao;
import cn.lazyfennec.entity.Account;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Author: Neco
* @Description:
* @Date: create in 2022/4/14 23:54
*/
@Repository
public class AccountDao {
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Autowired
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
/**
* 重置所有账户余额为1000元
*/
public void resetMoney() {
jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money = 1000");
}
/**
* 获取所有账户信息
*
* @return
*/
public List<Account> listAccount() {
return this.jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account", new RowMapper<Account>() {
public Account mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
Account account = new Account();
account.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
account.setName(rs.getString("name"));
account.setMoney(rs.getDouble("money"));
return account;
}
});
}
/**
* 转账
*
* @param source
* @param target
* @param money
*/
public void transferMoney(String source, String target, double money) {
this.jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=money-? where name=?", money, source);
throwException();
this.jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=money+? where name=?", money, target);
}
/**
* 模拟抛出异常
*/
private void throwException() {
throw new RuntimeException("ERROR");
}
}
12. 创建启动类
package cn.lazyfennec;
import cn.lazyfennec.dao.AccountDao;
import cn.lazyfennec.entity.Account;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Author: Neco
* @Description:
* @Date: create in 2022/4/15 0:01
*/
public class SpringTransaction {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-context.xml");
AccountDao dao = context.getBean("accountDao", AccountDao.class);
dao.resetMoney();
List<Account> accounts = dao.listAccount();
for(Account account : accounts) {
System.out.println(account);
}
try {
dao.transferMoney("aaa", "bbb", 200);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); // 触发异常,自动回滚
}
System.out.println("========================================");
accounts = dao.listAccount();
for(Account account : accounts) {
System.out.println(account);
}
((ConfigurableApplicationContext) context).close();
}
}
13.如果使用注解@Transactional
- 首先application-context.xml中要加入以下内容
<!-- 开启注解 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
- 此时,以下的内容可以删除
<!-- 定义事务 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!-- 表示匹配get开头的方法,*表示匹配任意内容, read-only="true"表示只读事务-->
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
<!--表示匹配任意方法-->
<tx:method name="*"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- 定义Pointcut -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="daoOperation" expression="execution(* cn.lazyfennec.dao.AccountDao.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="daoOperation"/>
</aop:config>
- 修改AccountDao的transferMoney 如下所示:
/**
* 转账
*
* @param source
* @param target
* @param money
*/
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED) // 也可以使用默认
public void transferMoney(String source, String target, double money) {
this.jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=money-? where name=?", money, source);
throwException();
this.jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=money+? where name=?", money, target);
}
14. 执行结果如下所示
Account{id=1, name='aaa', money=1000.0}
Account{id=2, name='bbb', money=1000.0}
Account{id=3, name='ccc', money=1000.0}
Account{id=6, name='fff', money=1000.0}
Account{id=8, name='eee', money=1000.0}
ERROR
========================================
Account{id=1, name='aaa', money=1000.0}
Account{id=2, name='bbb', money=1000.0}
Account{id=3, name='ccc', money=1000.0}
Account{id=6, name='fff', money=1000.0}
Account{id=8, name='eee', money=1000.0}
Process finished with exit code 0
二、编程式事务
- TransactionTemplate
- PlatformTransactionManager的实现
- 定义TransactionTemplate
-
使用TransactionTemplate
使用TransactionTemplate
使用TransactionTemplate
使用TransactionTemplate -
PlatformTransactionManager的实现
PlatformTransactionManager的实现
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