测试代码
1、测试函数
name_function.py
def get_formatted_name(first, last):
"""生成简洁的姓名"""
full_name = first + ' ' + last
return full_name.title()
names.py 用户输入名和姓
from name_function import get_formatted_name
print("Enter `q` at any time to quit.")
while True:
first = input('\nPlease give me a first name: ')
if first == 'q':
break
last = input('\nPlease give me a last name: ')
if last == 'q':
break
formmatted_name = get_formatted_name(first, last)
print("\tNeatly formatted name: " + formmatted_name + '.')
python标准库中的模块unttest提供代码测试工具
良好的测试用例考虑到了函数可能收到的各种输入
对于大型项目，要实现全覆盖可能很难，通常只针对代码重要行为编写测试即可
test_name_function.py 测试单元
import unittest
from name_function import get_formatted_name
class NameTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
"""测试name_function.py"""
def test_first_last_name(self):
"""能够正确地处理像Janis Joplin这样的名字吗?"""
formatted = get_formatted_name('janis', 'joplin')
self.assertEqual(formatted, 'Janis Joplin')
unittest.main()
创建NameTestCase类，只包含一个方法，运行test_name_function.py时，以test打头的方法都将字段运行。
unittest类最常见功能 断言方法，来核实得到的结果是否与期望的结果一致
一致时输入的结果
2、结果分析
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 0 tests in 0.000s
OK
Process finished with exit code 0
Empty suite
失败时 输出结果不同
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s
OK
PS C:\Users\shenshuaihu\code\PycharmProjects\crash> py .\part1\chapter11\test_name_function.py
F
======================================================================
FAIL: test_first_last_name (__main__.NameTestCase)
能够正确地处理像Janis Joplin这样的名字吗?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\code\PycharmProjects\crash\part1\chapter11\test_name_function.py", line 19, in test_first_last_name
self.assertEqual(formatted, 'Janis Joplin77')
AssertionError: 'Janis Joplin' != 'Janis Joplin77'
- Janis Joplin
+ Janis Joplin77
? ++
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s
FAILED (failures=1)
更改name_function.py参数时
def get_formatted_name(first, middle, last):
"""生成简洁的姓名"""
full_name = first + ' ' + middle + '' + last
return full_name.title()
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s
OK
PS C:\Users\shenshuaihu\code\PycharmProjects\crash> py .\part1\chapter11\test_name_function.py
F
======================================================================
FAIL: test_first_last_name (__main__.NameTestCase)
能够正确地处理像Janis Joplin这样的名字吗?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\shenshuaihu\code\PycharmProjects\crash\part1\chapter11\test_name_function.py", line 19, in test_first_last_name
self.assertEqual(formatted, 'Janis Joplin77')
AssertionError: 'Janis Joplin' != 'Janis Joplin77'
- Janis Joplin
+ Janis Joplin77
? ++
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s
FAILED (failures=1)
PS C:\Users\code\PycharmProjects\crash> py .\part1\chapter11\test_name_function.py
E
======================================================================
ERROR: test_first_last_name (__main__.NameTestCase)
能够正确地处理像Janis Joplin这样的名字吗?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\shenshuaihu\code\PycharmProjects\crash\part1\chapter11\test_name_function.py", line 18, in test_first_last_name
formatted = get_formatted_name('janis', 'joplin')
TypeError: get_formatted_name() missing 1 required positional argument: 'last'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s
FAILED (errors=1)
3、调查问卷测试实例
survey.py 匿名调查类
"""
======================
@title: survey
@description: 匿名调查类
@author: elijah
@date: 2022/9/7 22:36
=====================
"""
class AnonymousSurvey():
"""手机匿名调查问卷的答案"""
def __init__(self, question):
"""储存一个问题，并为存储答案做准备"""
self.question = question
self.responses = []
def show_question(self):
"""显示调查问卷"""
print(self.question)
def store_response(self, new_response):
"""存储单份调查答案"""
self.responses.append(new_response)
def show_resulte(self):
"""显示收集到的所以答案"""
print("Survey results:")
for respones in self.responses:
print("- " + respones)
language_survey.py 语言调查
"""
======================
@title: language_survey
@description: 调查问卷
@author: elijah
@date: 2022/9/7 22:52
=====================
"""
from survey import AnonymousSurvey
# 定义一个问题，并创建一个表示调查的AnonymousSurvey对象
question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
my_servey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
# 显示问题并储存答案
my_servey.show_question()
print("Enter `q` at any time to quit.\n")
while True:
resource = input("Language: ")
if resource == 'q':
break
my_servey.store_response(resource)
# 显示调查结果
print("\nThank you to everyone who participated in the survey!")
my_servey.show_resulte()
测试用例
"""
======================
@title: test_survey
@description: 测试问卷用例
@author: elijah
@date: 2022/9/7 23:00
=====================
"""
import unittest
from survey import AnonymousSurvey
class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):
"""针对AnonymousSurvey类的测试"""
"""
======================
@title: test_survey
@description: 测试问卷用例
@author: elijah
@date: 2022/9/7 23:00
=====================
"""
import unittest
from survey import AnonymousSurvey
class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):
"""针对AnonymousSurvey类的测试"""
def test_store_single_response(self):
"""测试单个答案会被妥善地储存"""
question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
my_survey.store_response('English')
self.assertIn('English', my_survey.responses)
def test_store_three_response(self):
"""测试三个答案会被妥善地储存"""
question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
respones = ['English', 'Spanish', 'Chinese']
for respone in respones:
my_survey.store_response(respone)
for respone in respones:
self.assertIn(respone, my_survey.responses)
unittest.main
4、方法setUp() 使用
创建对象
import unittest
from survey import AnonymousSurvey
class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):
"""针对AnonymousSurvey类的测试"""
# def test_store_single_response(self):
# """测试单个答案会被妥善地储存"""
# question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
# my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
# my_survey.store_response('English')
#
# self.assertIn('English', my_survey.responses)
#
# def test_store_three_response(self):
# """测试三个答案会被妥善地储存"""
# question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
# my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
# respones = ['English', 'Spanish', 'Chinese']
# for respone in respones:
# my_survey.store_response(respone)
#
# for respone in respones:
# self.assertIn(respone, my_survey.responses)
def setUp(self):
"""
创建一个调查对象和一组答案， 供使用的测试方法使用
:return:
"""
question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
self.my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
self.response = ['English', 'Spanish', 'Chinese']
def test_store_single_response(self):
"""测试单个答案会被妥善地储存"""
self.my_survey.store_response(self.response[0])
self.assertIn('English', self.my_survey.responses)
def test_store_three_response(self):
"""测试三个答案会被妥善地储存"""
for respone in self.response:
self.my_survey.store_response(respone)
for respone in self.response:
self.assertIn(respone, self.my_survey.responses)
更为简洁的测试， 解决重复问题
测试也是为了减少对项目的破坏
如果你编写的代码通过了测试，其他程序员也更远和你合作
文章参考来源 Eric Matthes [ Python Crash Cource] chapter11 测试代码
2022/09/07
成都封锁一周整
3天+3天
现在来看遥遥无期
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