2018-12-13

Python没有数组的说法，只有强大的列表！

普通列表

>>> member = ["xiao", "jia", "yu"]

>>> member

['xiao', 'jia', 'yu']

混合型列表

>>> mix = [1, 'XJY', 3.14, [1, 2, 3]]

>>> mix

[1, 'XJY', 3.14, [1, 2, 3]]

空列表

>>> empty = []

>>> empty

[]

向已有列表中添加元素，使用append()  参数！！，不过append只能一次性添加一个参数

>>> member.append("haha ")

>>> member

['xiao', 'jia', 'yu', 'haha ']

>>> len(member)

4

extend()可以添加一个扩展列表，也就是说可以一次性添加几个参数哦！

>>> member.extend(["hehe", "heihei"])

>>> member

['xiao', 'jia', 'yu', 'haha ', 'hehe', 'heihei']

插入一个新的元素并排序，使用insert()

>>> member.insert(1, "milan")

>>> member

['xiao', 'milan', 'jia', 'yu', 'haha ', 'hehe', 'heihei']

>>> member.insert(0, "milan")

>>> member

['milan', 'xiao', 'milan', 'jia', 'yu', 'haha ', 'hehe', 'heihei']

删除列表元素方法：

>>> member = ["xiao", "jia", "yu", "mudan", "yijing"]

>>> member

['xiao', 'jia', 'yu', 'mudan', 'yijing']

>>> member[1]

'jia'

1、remove(),可以指定删除哪一个数据

>>> member.remove('xiao')

>>> member

['jia', 'yu', 'mudan', 'yijing']

2、del， 可以按照列表的索引来删除元素，同时也可以直接删除整个列表！！

>>> del member[1]

>>> member

['jia', 'mudan', 'yijing']

>>> del member

>>> member

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<pyshell#98>", line 1, in <module>

    member

NameError: name 'member' is not defined

3、pop(),出栈，也就是说默认每次是删掉列表最后一个元素，当然，也可以在括号里用数字指定要删除的元素的索引位置！

>>> member = ["xiao", "jia", "yu", "mudan", "yijing"]

>>> member.pop()

'yijing'

>>> name = member.pop()

>>> member

['xiao', 'jia', 'yu']

>>> member.pop(1)

'jia'

>>> member

['xiao', 'yu']

>>>

列表分片，可以一次性从列表中获取多个元素，也就是得到一个原列表的分片

>>> member = ["xiao", "jia", "yu", "mudan", "yijing"]

>>> member

['xiao', 'jia', 'yu', 'mudan', 'yijing']

>>> member[1:3]     //获取的是原列表的起始索引值为1，终止索引值为3，但不包含3的列表分片

['jia', 'yu']

>>> member[1:]      //获取的是原列表的起始索引值为1，终止为最后的列表分片

['jia', 'yu', 'mudan', 'yijing']

>>> member[:3]      //获取的是原列表的起始到终止为3，但不包含3的列表分片

['xiao', 'jia', 'yu']

>>> member[:]       //获取的是原列表的完整拷贝！！

['xiao', 'jia', 'yu', 'mudan', 'yijing']

>>>