SSM框架整合

作者: AceKitty | 来源:发表于2017-01-13 14:19 被阅读1255次

    本文主要讲解SSM(Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis)框架搭建Java web项目的开发环境。

    开发工具

    开发工具在这就不具体介绍了,网上已经有非常多的教程,且开发工具配置相对比较简单。本项目主要用到的开工具: jdk8, maven, eclipse, tomcat。

    SMS的整合

    1. 分了2个配置文件,分别是spring-mybatis.xml,包含spring和mybatis的配置文件,还有个是spring-mvc的配置文件,此外有2个资源文件:jdbc.propertis和log4j.properties。完整目录结构如下:


      图片.png
    2. Maven引入需要的jar包, 包的作用在代码注释中都有说明。

    <properties>  
            <!-- spring版本号 -->  
            <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>  
            <!-- mybatis版本号 -->  
            <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>  
            <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->  
            <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>  
            <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>  
        </properties>  
        
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.11</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring核心包 -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
                <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
                <version>${spring.version}</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  
                <version>${spring.version}</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
                <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>  
                <version>${spring.version}</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
                <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>  
                <version>${spring.version}</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>  
                <version>${spring.version}</version>  
            </dependency>   
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
                <version>${spring.version}</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
                <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>  
                <version>${spring.version}</version>  
            </dependency>   
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
                <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>  
                <version>${spring.version}</version>  
            </dependency>   
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
                <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>  
                <version>${spring.version}</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <!-- mybatis核心包 -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>  
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>  
                <version>${mybatis.version}</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <!-- mybatis/spring包 -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>  
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>  
                <version>1.2.2</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>javax</groupId>  
                <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>  
                <version>7.0</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>  
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  
                <version>5.1.30</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <!-- 导入dbcp的jar包,用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>  
                <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>  
                <version>1.2.2</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <!-- JSTL标签类 -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>jstl</groupId>  
                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>  
                <version>1.2</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <!-- 日志文件管理包 -->  
            <!-- log start -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>  
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>  
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>  
            </dependency>   
            <!-- 格式化对象,方便输出日志 -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>  
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>  
                <version>1.1.41</version>  
            </dependency>   
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>  
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>  
                <version>${slf4j.version}</version>  
            </dependency>   
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>  
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>  
                <version>${slf4j.version}</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <!-- log end -->  
            <!-- 映入JSON -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>  
                <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>  
                <version>1.9.13</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <!-- 上传组件包 -->  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>  
                <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>  
                <version>1.3.1</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>commons-io</groupId>  
                <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>  
                <version>2.4</version>  
            </dependency>  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>  
                <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>  
                <version>1.9</version>  
            </dependency>  
      </dependencies>
    
    1. Spring与Mybatis整合
      3.1 建立JDBC属性文件 jdbc.properties(文件编码修改为utf-8)
    图片.png
    : 配置文件中所有的值后面不能留有空格,否则会出现意想不到的异常😁。

    3.2 建立spring-mybatis.xml配置文件, 用来完成spring和mybatis的整合的。主要的就是自动扫描,自动注入,配置数据库。spring-mybatis.xml

    <!-- 自动扫描 -->  
            <context:component-scan base-package="com.yyl.sms.**" />  
            <!-- 引入配置文件 -->  
            <bean id="propertyConfigurer"  
                class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
                <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />  
            </bean>  
          
            <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"  
                destroy-method="close">  
                <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />  
                <property name="url" value="${url}" />  
                <property name="username" value="${username}" />  
                <property name="password" value="${password}" />  
                <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->  
                <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>  
                <!-- 连接池最大数量 -->  
                <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>  
                <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->  
                <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>  
                <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->  
                <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>  
                <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->  
                <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>  
            </bean>  
          
            <!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->  
            <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">  
                <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
                <!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->  
                <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/yyl/sms/mapping/*.xml"></property>  
            </bean>  
          
            <!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->  
            <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">  
                <property name="basePackage" value="com.yyl.sms.dao" />  
                <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>  
            </bean>  
          
            <!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->  
            <bean id="transactionManager"  
                class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">  
                <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
            </bean> 
    

    3.3 Log4j的配置,log4j.properties

    图片.png

    4 JUnit测试, 测试已经完成的Spring和mybatis整合是否成功。

    4.1 创建测试用表, t_user

    CREATE TABLE `database`.`t_user` (
       `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
       `name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
       PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=`InnoDB` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_swedish_ci ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT COMMENT='' CHECKSUM=0 DELAY_KEY_WRITE=0;
    

    4.2 创建Dao和mybatis映射文件
    IUserDao.java

    package com.yyl.sms.dao;
    import com.yyl.sms.pojo.User;
    public interface IUserDao {
       public User getUserById(int userId);
    }
    

    IUserDao.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
        
    <mapper namespace="com.yyl.sms.dao.IUserDao" >
        <resultMap type="com.yyl.sms.pojo.User" id="usermap">
            <id column="id" property="id"/>
            <result column="name" property="name"/> 
        </resultMap>
    
         <select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.yyl.sms.pojo.User">
            select * from `t_user` where id = #{userId}
        </select>
    </mapper>
    

    4.3 建立测试类
    使用了Spring那么就可以使用注解的方式来引入配置文件和类,然后再将service接口对象注入,就可以进行测试了。 如果测试成功,表示Spring和Mybatis已经整合成功了。输出信息使用的是Log4j打印到控制台。

    package sms;
     
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
    import com.yyl.sms.pojo.User;
    import com.yyl.sms.service.IUserService;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"}) 
    public class TestMyBatis { 
        private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TestMyBatis.class);
        @Resource
        private IUserService userService;
        
        @Test
        public void mytest(){
            User user = userService.getUserById(1);
            logger.info(JSON.toJSON(user));
        }
    }
    

    测试结果

    图片.png

    5 整合SpringMVC
    5.1 配置spring-mvc.xml 配置里面的注释也很详细,在此就不说了,主要是自动扫描控制器,视图模式,注解的启动这三个。

    <!-- 自动扫描该包,使SpringMVC认为包下用了@controller注解的类是控制器 -->  
            <context:component-scan base-package="com.yyl.sms.controller" />  
            <!--避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->  
            <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"  
                class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">  
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">  
                    <list>  
                        <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>  
                    </list>  
                </property>  
            </bean>  
            <!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->  
            <bean  
                class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">  
                <property name="messageConverters">  
                    <list>  
                        <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON转换器 -->  
                    </list>  
                </property>  
            </bean>  
            <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ,视图模式配置-->  
            <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
                <!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀,变成一个 可用的url地址 -->  
                <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />  
                <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />  
            </bean>  
              
            <!-- 配置文件上传,如果没有使用文件上传可以不用配置,当然如果不配,那么配置文件中也不必引入上传组件包 -->  
            <bean id="multipartResolver"    
                class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">    
                <!-- 默认编码 -->  
                <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />    
                <!-- 文件大小最大值 -->  
                <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />    
                <!-- 内存中的最大值 -->  
                <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />    
            </bean> 
    

    5.2 配置web.xml文件
    这里面对spring-mybatis.xml的引入以及配置的spring-mvc的Servlet就是为了完成SSM整合,之前2框架整合不需要在此处进行任何配置。配置一样有详细注释,不多解释了。
    web.xml

     <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
        xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"  
        version="3.0">  
        <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>  
        <!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->  
        <context-param>  
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>  
        </context-param>  
        <!-- 编码过滤器 -->  
        <filter>  
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
            <async-supported>true</async-supported>  
            <init-param>  
                <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
                <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
            </init-param>  
        </filter>  
        <filter-mapping>  
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
        </filter-mapping>  
        <!-- Spring监听器 -->  
        <listener>  
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
        </listener>  
        <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->  
        <listener>  
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>  
        </listener>  
      
        <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->  
        <servlet>  
            <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>  
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
            <init-param>  
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
                <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>  
            </init-param>  
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
            <async-supported>true</async-supported>  
        </servlet>  
        <servlet-mapping>  
            <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>  
            <!-- 此处可以可以配置成*.do,对应struts的后缀习惯 -->  
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
        </servlet-mapping>  
        <welcome-file-list>  
            <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>  
        </welcome-file-list>  
      
    </web-app>  
    
    1. 测试SMS三大框架的整合
      6.1 新建jsp页面
      userlist.jsp
    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    用户名:${user.name}
    </body>
    </html>
    

    6.2 建立Controller类
    UserController.java

    package com.yyl.sms.controller;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import com.yyl.sms.pojo.User;
    import com.yyl.sms.service.IUserService;
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public class UserController {
        @Resource
        private IUserService userService;
        @RequestMapping("/userlist")
        public String toIndex(HttpServletRequest request, Model model) {
            String str = request.getParameter("id");
            int userId = Integer.valueOf(str);
            User user = this.userService.getUserById(userId);
            model.addAttribute("user", user);
            return "userlist";
        }
    }
    

    6.3 部署项目
    在地址栏输入:http://localhost:8080/sms/user/userlist?id=1 结果如下:
    ![Upload 图片.png failed. Please try again.]

    至此, SMS三大框架已经全部整合完毕。

    github代码下载地址: here

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