本文主要讲解SSM(Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis)框架搭建Java web项目的开发环境。
开发工具
开发工具在这就不具体介绍了,网上已经有非常多的教程,且开发工具配置相对比较简单。本项目主要用到的开工具: jdk8, maven, eclipse, tomcat。
SMS的整合
-
分了2个配置文件,分别是spring-mybatis.xml,包含spring和mybatis的配置文件,还有个是spring-mvc的配置文件,此外有2个资源文件:jdbc.propertis和log4j.properties。完整目录结构如下:
图片.png -
Maven引入需要的jar包, 包的作用在代码注释中都有说明。
<properties>
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本号 -->
<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
<!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.30</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入dbcp的jar包,用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL标签类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 格式化对象,方便输出日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!-- 映入JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 上传组件包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
- Spring与Mybatis整合
3.1 建立JDBC属性文件 jdbc.properties(文件编码修改为utf-8)
注: 配置文件中所有的值后面不能留有空格,否则会出现意想不到的异常😁。
3.2 建立spring-mybatis.xml配置文件, 用来完成spring和mybatis的整合的。主要的就是自动扫描,自动注入,配置数据库。spring-mybatis.xml
<!-- 自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.yyl.sms.**" />
<!-- 引入配置文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer"
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${url}" />
<property name="username" value="${username}" />
<property name="password" value="${password}" />
<!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最大数量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
<!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/yyl/sms/mapping/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.yyl.sms.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
3.3 Log4j的配置,log4j.properties
图片.png4 JUnit测试, 测试已经完成的Spring和mybatis整合是否成功。
4.1 创建测试用表, t_user
CREATE TABLE `database`.`t_user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=`InnoDB` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_swedish_ci ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT COMMENT='' CHECKSUM=0 DELAY_KEY_WRITE=0;
4.2 创建Dao和mybatis映射文件
IUserDao.java
package com.yyl.sms.dao;
import com.yyl.sms.pojo.User;
public interface IUserDao {
public User getUserById(int userId);
}
IUserDao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.yyl.sms.dao.IUserDao" >
<resultMap type="com.yyl.sms.pojo.User" id="usermap">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="name" property="name"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.yyl.sms.pojo.User">
select * from `t_user` where id = #{userId}
</select>
</mapper>
4.3 建立测试类
使用了Spring那么就可以使用注解的方式来引入配置文件和类,然后再将service接口对象注入,就可以进行测试了。 如果测试成功,表示Spring和Mybatis已经整合成功了。输出信息使用的是Log4j打印到控制台。
package sms;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.yyl.sms.pojo.User;
import com.yyl.sms.service.IUserService;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"})
public class TestMyBatis {
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TestMyBatis.class);
@Resource
private IUserService userService;
@Test
public void mytest(){
User user = userService.getUserById(1);
logger.info(JSON.toJSON(user));
}
}
测试结果
图片.png5 整合SpringMVC
5.1 配置spring-mvc.xml 配置里面的注释也很详细,在此就不说了,主要是自动扫描控制器,视图模式,注解的启动这三个。
<!-- 自动扫描该包,使SpringMVC认为包下用了@controller注解的类是控制器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.yyl.sms.controller" />
<!--避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON转换器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ,视图模式配置-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀,变成一个 可用的url地址 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置文件上传,如果没有使用文件上传可以不用配置,当然如果不配,那么配置文件中也不必引入上传组件包 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 默认编码 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
<!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
<!-- 内存中的最大值 -->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
</bean>
5.2 配置web.xml文件
这里面对spring-mybatis.xml的引入以及配置的spring-mvc的Servlet就是为了完成SSM整合,之前2框架整合不需要在此处进行任何配置。配置一样有详细注释,不多解释了。
web.xml
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<!-- 此处可以可以配置成*.do,对应struts的后缀习惯 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
- 测试SMS三大框架的整合
6.1 新建jsp页面
userlist.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
用户名:${user.name}
</body>
</html>
6.2 建立Controller类
UserController.java
package com.yyl.sms.controller;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.yyl.sms.pojo.User;
import com.yyl.sms.service.IUserService;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Resource
private IUserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/userlist")
public String toIndex(HttpServletRequest request, Model model) {
String str = request.getParameter("id");
int userId = Integer.valueOf(str);
User user = this.userService.getUserById(userId);
model.addAttribute("user", user);
return "userlist";
}
}
6.3 部署项目
在地址栏输入:http://localhost:8080/sms/user/userlist?id=1 结果如下:
![Upload 图片.png failed. Please try again.]
至此, SMS三大框架已经全部整合完毕。
github代码下载地址: here
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