输入一棵二叉树的根结点,求该树的深度。
从根结点到叶结点依次经过的结点(含根、叶结点)形成树的一条路径,最长路径的长度为树的深度。
样例
输入:二叉树[8, 12, 2, null, null, 6, 4, null, null, null, null]如下图所示:
8
/ \
12 2
/ \
6 4
输出:3
分析:
算法一:递归实现
时间复杂度: N为二叉树的结点个数
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
int treeDepth(TreeNode* root) {
if(!root) return 0;
return 1 + max(treeDepth(root->left), treeDepth(root->right));
}
};
算法二:BFS,队列实现
时间复杂度: N为二叉树的结点个数
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
int treeDepth(TreeNode* root) {
int res = 0;
queue<TreeNode*> q;
if(!root) return 0;
q.push(root);
while(q.size()) {
int n = q.size();
//遍历一层
for(int i = 0; i<n; i++) {
auto x = q.front();
q.pop();
if(x->left) q.push(x->left);
if(x->right) q.push(x->right);
}
//一层遍历完后,计数加一
res++;
}
return res;
}
};
算法三:DFS
时间复杂度: N为二叉树的结点个数
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
int res = 1;
int treeDepth(TreeNode* root) {
if(!root) return 0;
dfs(root, 0);
return res;
}
void dfs(TreeNode* root, int d) {
if(!root) {
res = max(res, d);
return;
}
dfs(root->left, d+1), dfs(root->right, d+1);
}
};
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