美文网首页
OC与H5交互(原生方法)

OC与H5交互(原生方法)

作者: melody5 | 来源:发表于2018-09-05 10:36 被阅读252次

    在日常的开发中,OC与H5的混合开发已经很普遍了,OC与H5的交互也就在所难免了,下面就先来总结一下原生的方法。

    H5调用OC

    用WKWebView的话,首先得添加代理<WKNavigationDelegate>,设置当前代理navigationDelegate,然后实现下面的代理方法;

    原理其实就是操作H5的时候会发送一次请求,我们在代理方法里拦截请求,然后拿到一些参数,来做响应的操作。

    -(void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler {
        NSString *hostName = navigationAction.request.URL.absoluteString;
        // url的协议头是自己规定,和H5协商一致就行,另外urlHeader中的大写会变小写
        NSRange range = [hostName rangeOfString:@"urlheader://"];
        NSUInteger loc = range.location;
        
        if (loc != NSNotFound) { 
            // 方法名
            NSString *method = [hostName substringFromIndex:loc + range.length];
            
            // 转成SEL
            SEL sel = NSSelectorFromString(method);
            if ([self respondsToSelector:sel]) {
                
                [self performSelector:sel withObject:nil];
                
            }
            decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyCancel);
            
        }else {       
            decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
        }
    }
    

    然后我在H5l里给按钮添加两个这样的事件:

    function fn_call() {
        // 调用OC中call方法
        window.location.href = 'urlHeader://call';
    }
    
    function fn_open_camera() {
        // 调用OC中openCamera方法
        window.location.href = 'urlHeader://openCamera';
    }
    

    然后在原生里就可以拦截到然后调用这个两个方法了:

    {
        NSLog(@"call++++");
    }
    - (void)openCamera
    {
        NSLog(@"openCamera++++");
    }
    

    UIWebView就在这个代理方法了里操作:- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType

    OC调用H5

    这个就简单多了,直接调用webView的evaluateJavaScript方法执行JS的代码即可;

        NSString *jsStr = @"fn_open_camera();";
        
        [self.webView evaluateJavaScript:jsStr completionHandler:^(id _Nullable result, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            NSLog(@"%@----%@",result,error);
        }];
    

    UIWebView则用这个方法stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString

    补充

    JavaScriptCore也是一个不错的原生框架,但是只能跟UIWebView搭配使用,而UIWebView在ios12以后已经被废弃了,所以就不说了。那就来看看切换到WKWebView的代替方案,那就是WKMessageHandler。

    1.我就直接贴全部代码了,首先我们的给WKWebView添加一个configuration,其中JScript参数来控制web的大小自适应当前屏幕大小的,不用太在意,而WKUserContentController是用来监听JS方法调用的。

    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
        WKWebViewConfiguration *configuration = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc] init];
        NSString *JScript = @"var meta = document.createElement('meta'); meta.setAttribute('name', 'viewport'); meta.setAttribute('content', 'width=device-width'); document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(meta);";
        
        WKUserScript *wkUScript = [[WKUserScript alloc] initWithSource:JScript injectionTime:WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentEnd forMainFrameOnly:YES];
        WKUserContentController *wkUController = [[WKUserContentController alloc] init];
        [wkUController addUserScript:wkUScript];
        configuration.userContentController = wkUController;
        
        self.webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.frame configuration:configuration];
        self.webView.UIDelegate = self;
        [self.view addSubview:self.webView];
        
        NSString *urlStr = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"index.html" ofType:nil];
        NSURL *fileURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:urlStr];
        [self.webView loadFileURL:fileURL allowingReadAccessToURL:fileURL];
        
        self.title = @"WKMessageHandler";
        UIBarButtonItem *rightItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemDone target:self action:@selector(didClickRightAction)];
        self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = rightItem;
        
    }
    
    -(void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated {
        [super viewWillAppear:animated];
        
        // 添加JS的方法的调用处理
        [self.webView.configuration.userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"methodName"];
        
    }
    -(void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated {
        
        // 添加JS的方法的调用处理,必须销毁,否则会造成循环引用
        [self.webView.configuration.userContentController removeScriptMessageHandlerForName:@"methodName"];
    }
    
    - (void)didClickRightAction{
        
        NSLog(@"didClickRightAction");
        
        NSString *jsStr = @"showAlert('这是来自OC的参数')";
        [self.webView evaluateJavaScript:jsStr completionHandler:^(id _Nullable result, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            NSLog(@"%@----%@",result, error);
        }];
        
    }
    
    #pragma mark - WKScriptMessageHandler
    -(void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message {
        NSLog(@"%@----%@",message.name,message.body);
        
        // 通过name来做判断 做相应的处理
    }
    
    #pragma mark - WKUIDelegate
    - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler
    {
        
        UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"提醒" message:message preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
        [alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"知道了" style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
            completionHandler();
        }]];
        
        [self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:nil];
    }
    
    
    #pragma mark - dealloc
    
    - (void)dealloc{
        NSLog(@"dealloc:走了");
    }
    

    下面是JS的代码

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>OC与JS交互</title>
        <script>
            function loadURL(url) {
                var iFrame;
                iFrame = document.createElement("iframe");
                iFrame.setAttribute("src", url);
                iFrame.setAttribute("style", "display:none;");
                iFrame.setAttribute("height", "0px");
                iFrame.setAttribute("width", "0px");
                iFrame.setAttribute("frameborder", "0");
                document.body.appendChild(iFrame);
                iFrame.parentNode.removeChild(iFrame);
                iFrame = null;
            }
            
            function showAlert(messgae){
                alert('这是一个接收OC数据的一个弹框 \n'+messgae);
                return "token";
            }
    
            function messgaeHandle(){
                
                // ANDROID
                window.webkit.messageHandlers.methodName.postMessage("这是来自JS的调用");
            }
        
        
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
    
        <input type="button" value="弹框" onclick="showAlert('hello JS')" /><br />
        <input type="button" value="messgaeHandle" onclick="messgaeHandle()" /><br />
    
    </body>
    </html>
    
    

    OC调用JS

    - (void)didClickRightAction{
        
        NSLog(@"didClickRightAction");
        
        NSString *jsStr = @"showAlert('这是来自OC的参数')";
        [self.webView evaluateJavaScript:jsStr completionHandler:^(id _Nullable result, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            NSLog(@"%@----%@",result, error);
        }];
        
    }
    

    可以看到在JS里return一个参数,在OC里还可以拿到回调
    打印

    2018-11-06 17:46:34.969623+0800 test_WKMessageHandler[4231:1948196] didClickRightAction
    2018-11-06 17:46:37.008732+0800 test_WKMessageHandler[4231:1948196] token----(null)
    

    JS调用OC

    在viewWillAppear里添加JS方法调用的处理,同时必须添加销毁操作,否则会造成循环引用

    -(void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated {
        [super viewWillAppear:animated];
        
        // 添加JS的方法的调用处理
        [self.webView.configuration.userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"methodName"];
        
    }
    
    -(void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated {
        
        // 添加JS的方法的调用处理,必须销毁,否则会造成循环引用
        [self.webView.configuration.userContentController removeScriptMessageHandlerForName:@"methodName"];
    }
    

    然后实现WKScriptMessageHandler代理,然后在下面的方法里通过name来判断是哪个方法,从而做后续操作

    #pragma mark - WKScriptMessageHandler
    -(void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message {
        NSLog(@"%@----%@",message.name,message.body);
        
        // 通过name来做判断 做相应的处理
    }
    

    打印

    2018-11-06 17:45:41.118480+0800 test_WKMessageHandler[4231:1948196] methodName----这是来自JS的调用
    

    相关文章

      网友评论

          本文标题:OC与H5交互(原生方法)

          本文链接:https://www.haomeiwen.com/subject/mmfgwftx.html