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SpringCloud系列之网关gateway-10.过滤器机制

SpringCloud系列之网关gateway-10.过滤器机制

作者: 那钱有着落吗 | 来源:发表于2021-09-16 10:27 被阅读0次

    看过滤器的源码,大体上就从下图中的三个主要的类了:

    image.png

    接下来我们还是实际的从debug一步步的看吧,首先发一个gateway的请求:

    RoutePredicateHandlerMapping

            @Override
        protected Mono<?> getHandlerInternal(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
            // don't handle requests on management port if set and different than server port
            if (this.managementPortType == DIFFERENT && this.managementPort != null
                    && exchange.getRequest().getURI().getPort() == this.managementPort) {
                return Mono.empty();
            }
            exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_HANDLER_MAPPER_ATTR, getSimpleName());
    
            return lookupRoute(exchange)
                    // .log("route-predicate-handler-mapping", Level.FINER) //name this
                    .flatMap((Function<Route, Mono<?>>) r -> {
                        exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
                        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            logger.debug("Mapping [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "] to " + r);
                        }
    
                        exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR, r);
                        return Mono.just(webHandler);
                    }).switchIfEmpty(Mono.empty().then(Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {
                        exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
                        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                            logger.trace("No RouteDefinition found for [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "]");
                        }
                    })));
        }
    

    首先我们把断点打到getHandlerInternal方法中,第一个if语句判断的是有没有management.server.port然后是不是与服务端口一致,如果不一致则不处理这个请求。

    接下来这个方法就是放了一个属性值,值就是当前类名:

    exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_HANDLER_MAPPER_ATTR, getSimpleName());
    

    接下来是响应式编程的写法:

    return lookupRoute(exchange)
                    // .log("route-predicate-handler-mapping", Level.FINER) //name this
                    .flatMap((Function<Route, Mono<?>>) r -> {
                        exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
                        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            logger.debug("Mapping [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "] to " + r);
                        }
    
                        exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR, r);
                        return Mono.just(webHandler);
                    }).switchIfEmpty(Mono.empty().then(Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {
                        exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
                        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                            logger.trace("No RouteDefinition found for [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "]");
                        }
                    })));
    

    我们首先看lookupRoute(exchange)方法:

    protected Mono<Route> lookupRoute(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
            return this.routeLocator.getRoutes()
                    // individually filter routes so that filterWhen error delaying is not a
                    // problem
                    .concatMap(route -> Mono.just(route).filterWhen(r -> {
                        // add the current route we are testing
                        exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR, r.getId());
                        return r.getPredicate().apply(exchange);
                    })
                            // instead of immediately stopping main flux due to error, log and
                            // swallow it
                            .doOnError(e -> logger.error("Error applying predicate for route: " + route.getId(), e))
                            .onErrorResume(e -> Mono.empty()))
                    // .defaultIfEmpty() put a static Route not found
                    // or .switchIfEmpty()
                    // .switchIfEmpty(Mono.<Route>empty().log("noroute"))
                    .next()
                    // TODO: error handling
                    .map(route -> {
                        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            logger.debug("Route matched: " + route.getId());
                        }
                        validateRoute(route, exchange);
                        return route;
                    });
    
            /*
             * TODO: trace logging if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
             * logger.trace("RouteDefinition did not match: " + routeDefinition.getId()); }
             */
        }
    

    这里我们主要看两个方法中的内容,一个是concatMap,一个是最后的map,如果对响应式编程不太了解,可以去了解一下

    concatMap中的内容:

    exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR, r.getId());
    return r.getPredicate().apply(exchange);
    

    可以看到首先在map中放入了 GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR为key,值为当前路由的id,然后把这个路由的predicate拿出来进行校验,我们可以看到有一个apply的方法,这个方法我们同样可以去我们之前做的predicate中去看一下:

    下面是我们之前做的自定义过滤器,我们做了几个断言,一个是path,一个是method

    @Bean
        @Order
        public RouteLocator customizedRoutes(RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder){
            return routeLocatorBuilder.routes()
                    .route(r->r.path("/java/**")
                            .and().method(HttpMethod.GET)
                            .and().header("name")
                            .filters(f->f.stripPrefix(1)
                                    .addResponseHeader("java-param","gateway-config")
    //                                .filter(timerFilter)
                            )
                            .uri("lb://feign-client")
                    )
                    .route(r->r.path("/seckill/**")
                            .and().after(ZonedDateTime.now().plusMinutes(1))
                            .filters(f->f.stripPrefix(1))
                            .uri("lb://feign-client")
                    )
                    .build();
        }
    
    

    首先我们看一下method方法,可以点进去看一下:

    public BooleanSpec method(HttpMethod... methods) {
            return asyncPredicate(getBean(MethodRoutePredicateFactory.class).applyAsync(c -> {
                c.setMethods(methods);
            }));
        }
    

    然后再看一下MethodRoutePredicateFactory.class这个类,可以看到这个类中有一个apply方法:

    @Override
      public Predicate<ServerWebExchange> apply(Config config) {
          return new GatewayPredicate() {
              @Override
              public boolean test(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
                  HttpMethod requestMethod = exchange.getRequest().getMethod();
                  return stream(config.getMethods()).anyMatch(httpMethod -> httpMethod == requestMethod);
              }
    
              @Override
              public String toString() {
                  return String.format("Methods: %s", Arrays.toString(config.getMethods()));
              }
          };
      }
    

    是不是就终于看到了实现方法,这个方法拿到了当前的请求类型,然后与断言中的请求类型做对比。

    然后我们继续回到主线剧情,concatMap会挨个把路由中的所有断言都做一个校验,只有通过了所有的校验,请求才会进入到这个路由中,然后最后一步map就会把这个路由返回出去。

    返回之后就到了这里:

    return lookupRoute(exchange)
                    // .log("route-predicate-handler-mapping", Level.FINER) //name this
                    .flatMap((Function<Route, Mono<?>>) r -> {
                        exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
                        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            logger.debug("Mapping [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "] to " + r);
                        }
    
                        exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR, r);
                        return Mono.just(webHandler);
                    }).switchIfEmpty(Mono.empty().then(Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {
                        exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
                        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                            logger.trace("No RouteDefinition found for [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "]");
                        }
                    })));
    

    返回了路由之后,就会进入到下一步验证filter:

    Mono.just(webHandler);
    

    我们在类FilteringWebHandler中看下:

    @Override
        public Mono<Void> handle(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
            Route route = exchange.getRequiredAttribute(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR);
            List<GatewayFilter> gatewayFilters = route.getFilters();
    
            List<GatewayFilter> combined = new ArrayList<>(this.globalFilters);
            combined.addAll(gatewayFilters);
            // TODO: needed or cached?
            AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(combined);
    
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Sorted gatewayFilterFactories: " + combined);
            }
    
            return new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(combined).filter(exchange);
        }
    

    首先第一句Route route = exchange.getRequiredAttribute(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR);用来获取通过前面验证的路由,为什么能找到呢,我们可以回头看一下,在之前的RoutePredicateHandlerMapping类中

    return lookupRoute(exchange)
                    // .log("route-predicate-handler-mapping", Level.FINER) //name this
                    .flatMap((Function<Route, Mono<?>>) r -> {
                        exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
                        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            logger.debug("Mapping [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "] to " + r);
                        }
    
                        exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR, r);
                        return Mono.just(webHandler);
                    })
    

    这段代码中的:

    exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR, r);
    

    就会把选中的路由给放进去,所以在之后的filter验证中就可以直接拿到这个路由。

    拿到这个路由之后,gateway会把这个路由下的所有的filter全部拿出来。

    List<GatewayFilter> gatewayFilters = route.getFilters();
    

    然后把所有的全局filter也拿出来,然后两种filter都放在一起:

    List<GatewayFilter> combined = new ArrayList<>(this.globalFilters);
    combined.addAll(gatewayFilters);
    

    然后就是排序:

    AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(combined);
    

    我们可以点进去看一下:

    public static void sort(List<?> list) {
            if (list.size() > 1) {
                list.sort(INSTANCE);
            }
        }
    

    在看一下INSTANCE是个什么东西:

    public static final AnnotationAwareOrderComparator INSTANCE = new AnnotationAwareOrderComparator();
    
    
        /**
         * This implementation checks for {@link Order @Order} or
         * {@link javax.annotation.Priority @Priority} on various kinds of
         * elements, in addition to the {@link org.springframework.core.Ordered}
         * check in the superclass.
         */
        @Override
        @Nullable
        protected Integer findOrder(Object obj) {
            Integer order = super.findOrder(obj);
            if (order != null) {
                return order;
            }
            return findOrderFromAnnotation(obj);
        }
    

    可以看到进去之后除了他本身设置了一个单例之外,还有一个findOrder方法,我们继续详细的看super.findOrder(obj);:

    @Nullable
        protected Integer findOrder(Object obj) {
            return (obj instanceof Ordered ? ((Ordered) obj).getOrder() : null);
        }
    

    这个方法是不是看懂了? 如果这个对象类型是Ordered,那么就调用它的getOrder方法,还好我们自定义过滤器是实现了Ordered类,并且重写了getOrder方法:

    
    @Component
    @Slf4j
    //GlobalFilter 全局filter  GatewayFilter 局部filter
    public class TimerFilter implements GatewayFilter, Ordered {
    
    
        @Override
        public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
    
            StopWatch timer = new StopWatch();
            timer.start(exchange.getRequest().getURI().getRawPath());
    
            return chain.filter(exchange).then(
                    Mono.fromRunnable( ()-> {
                                timer.stop();
                                log.info(timer.prettyPrint());
                            }
                    )
            );
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getOrder() {
            return 0;
        }
    }
    

    所以我们这个自定义的过滤器的排序号就是0;

    然后findOrder方法最后一句就是

    findOrderFromAnnotation(obj);
    

    当没有继承实现Ordered类,那么就会进行一系列的操作让他有一个order。

    我们继续主线往下走:

    return new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(combined).filter(exchange);
    

    点进去看:

    private static class DefaultGatewayFilterChain implements GatewayFilterChain {
    
            private final int index;
    
            private final List<GatewayFilter> filters;
    
            DefaultGatewayFilterChain(List<GatewayFilter> filters) {
                this.filters = filters;
                this.index = 0;
            }
    
            private DefaultGatewayFilterChain(DefaultGatewayFilterChain parent, int index) {
                this.filters = parent.getFilters();
                this.index = index;
            }
    
            public List<GatewayFilter> getFilters() {
                return filters;
            }
    
            @Override
            public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
                return Mono.defer(() -> {
                    if (this.index < filters.size()) {
                        GatewayFilter filter = filters.get(this.index);
                        DefaultGatewayFilterChain chain = new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(this, this.index + 1);
                        return filter.filter(exchange, chain);
                    }
                    else {
                        return Mono.empty(); // complete
                    }
                });
            }
    
        }
    

    这段方法非常的有意思,首先这个是FilteringWebHandler里面的一个内部类,然后里面的方法主要是挨个把filter都给验证一遍:

    if (this.index < filters.size()) {
                        GatewayFilter filter = filters.get(this.index);
                        DefaultGatewayFilterChain chain = new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(this, this.index + 1);
                        return filter.filter(exchange, chain);
                    }
    
    

    尤其是这一段,首先index默认是0,然后这里首先会根据index取到遍历的filter,然后新建一个这个类,构造器的两个参数分别是父级类和index,这里index进行了加1的操作。

    然后filter.filter(exchange,chain); 首先当前的filter执行了类下面的filter方法,然后把新建的chain给传入:

    就拿我们自定义的filter举例:

    @Override
       public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
    
           StopWatch timer = new StopWatch();
           timer.start(exchange.getRequest().getURI().getRawPath());
    
           return chain.filter(exchange).then(
                   Mono.fromRunnable( ()-> {
                               timer.stop();
                               log.info(timer.prettyPrint());
                           }
                   )
           );
       }
    

    在执行了本身的filter之后,会使用传入的chain进行下一次的filter,就这么一个类接着一个类的把所有的filter全部校验完。

    这种方法写的很优雅,不像是不断的for,不断的遍历,这个写法就显得比较清晰明了。

    关于gateway 路由过滤器机制解析源码就到此。

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